Seroprevalence of hepatitis <scp>E</scp> virus (<scp>HEV</scp>) and detection of <scp>HEV RNA</scp> with a transcription‐mediated amplification assay in blood donors from <scp>C</scp>atalonia (<scp>S</scp>pain)

Sauleda, Sílvia; Ong, Edgar; Bes, Marta; Janssen, Alanna; Cory, Robin; Babizki, Maria; Shin, Tim; Lindquist, Andre; Hoang, Anh Thu Nguyen; Vang, Lee; Pirón, María; Casamitjana, Natàlia; Koppelman, Marco; Danzig, Lisa; Linnen, Jeffrey M.

doi:10.1111/trf.12929

Cited by 119 publications

(124 citation statements)

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“…Directly comparing these rates to those reported from other areas of the world is problematic because of the variability in sensitivity and specificity of anti-HEV assays, the population surveyed (blood donors, general population, diseased individuals), and the year(s) of the serosurveys. (11,18) However, our data for the seroprevalence of anti-HEV IgG in France can be compared to those obtained among blood donors from other European countries using the same assay. The seroprevalence of anti-HEV IgG was 29% in Germany, (19) 27% in The Netherlands, (20) 16% in England, (21) and 4.7% in Scotland.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These HEV genotypes have been detected in a wide range of domestic and wild animals, which are believed to play a major role in the human epidemiology of the virus. (2) HEV genotypes 1 and 2 mainly affect young adults, mostly men, aged [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Almost half of all cases become jaundiced, and pregnant women during the third trimester and patients with underlying chronic liver disease are most at risk of a severe form of hepatitis E. (3) HEV genotypes 3 and 4 mainly affect older men.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A nationwide survey of hepatitis E viral infection in French blood donors

et al. 2016

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Most cases of hepatitis E viral (HEV) infection in developed countries are autochthonous. Nevertheless, the reported seroprevalence of HEV varies greatly depending on the geographical area and the performance of the immunoassay used. We used validated assays to determine the prevalence of anti-HEV immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM among 10,569 French blood donors living in mainland France and three overseas areas. Epidemiological information was collected using a specific questionnaire. We found an overall IgG seroprevalence of 22.4% (8%-86.4%) depending on the geographical area (P < 0.001). The presence of anti-HEV IgG was associated with increasing age (P < 0.001) and eating pork meat (P 5 0.03), pork liver sausages (P < 0.001), game meat (P < 0.01), offal (P < 0.001), and oysters (P 5 0.02). Conversely, drinking bottled water was associated with a lower rate of anti-HEV IgG (P 5 0.02). Overall IgM seroprevalence was 1% (0%-4.6%). The frequency of anti-HEV IgM was higher in donors living in a high anti-HEV IgG seroprevalence area (1.9% versus 0.7%, P < 0.001) and in those eating pork liver sausage (1.4% versus 0.7%, P < 0.01), pât e (1% versus 0.4, P 5 0.04), and wild boar (1.3% versus 0.7%, P < 0.01). Conclusion: HEV is endemic in France and hyperendemic in some areas; eating habits alone cannot totally explain the exposure to HEV, and contaminated water could contribute to the epidemiology of HEV infection in France. (HEPATOLOGY 2016;63:1145-1154 H epatitis E virus (HEV) is a single-stranded, positive sense RNA virus that is a member of the Hepeviridae family.(1) Four major genotypes of human HEV are recognized. HEV genotypes 1 and 2 have been found only in humans and are prevalent in developing countries. They are responsible for both sporadic cases and large outbreaks linked to drinking contaminated water. HEV genotypes 3 and 4 are anthropozoonotic and prevalent in developed countries. These HEV genotypes have been detected in a wide range of domestic and wild animals, which are believed to play a major role in the human epidemiology of the virus. (2) HEV genotypes 1 and 2 mainly affect young adults, mostly men, aged 15-30. Almost half of all cases become jaundiced, and pregnant women during the third trimester and patients with underlying chronic liver disease are most at risk of a severe form of hepatitis E.(3) HEV genotypes 3 and 4 mainly affect older men. Most infections are asymptomatic, but patients suffering from chronic liver disease are at risk of developing acute liver failure.(3) Immunosuppressed individuals infected with genotype 3 or 4 may develop a chronic infection that can rapidly progress to cirrhosis. (4) Autochthonous infections are frequently reported in developed countries, particularly in western Europe. (5) The virus can be transmitted by contaminated food, (3) mainly undercooked pig meat, (6) although other modes of contamination have been described. They are often occupational, such as direct exposure to animals or to slaughterhouse meat. The risk of HEV transmission through blood pro...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

A nationwide survey of hepatitis E viral infection in French blood donors

et al. 2016

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“…In this regard, the highest prevalence occurs in Catalonia (10), where the presence of anti-HEV IgG has been reported recently in 19.96% of all Catalan donors (11). The estimated prevalence is 18.6% among those exposed to porcine livestock (4) and 10.4% in HIV-infected individuals (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Autochthonous acute hepatitis E: an increasingly frequent diagnosis. Clinical-epidemiological analysis of our experience

Ron¹,

Palacios²,

Torres³

et al. 2017

Rev Esp Enferm Dig

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Background: In Europe, acute hepatitis caused by the hepatitis E virus (HEV) traditionally was an infection found in people who had travelled to endemic zones, mainly Asia and Africa. However, a growing number of sporadic autochthonous cases are now being diagnosed in the Western world.Objective: To analyze the cases of acute HEV hepatitis diagnosed in our setting, with the identification of the clinicalepidemiological characteristics. Material and methods:We included the cases of acute HEV hepatitis diagnosed (positive anti-HEV IgM and/or HEV RNA present in serum) between January 2008 and December 2014. Different clinical, epidemiological and evolutive parameters were analyzed.Results: A total of 23 patients were identified, all originating from Spain. Fourteen cases (60.87%) presented jaundice and marked cytolysis at the time of diagnosis (aspartate aminotransferase [AST] 1,106.91 U/l and alanine aminotransferase [ALT] 1,407.04 U/l). Twenty-two cases were regarded as autochthonous, and one patient had travelled to China three months before. The mean time to resolution was 11.2 weeks. Some autoimmune markers were positive in 43.5% of the patients. Two subjects were diagnosed with previous chronic liver disease and were classified as "acuteon-chronic liver failure" (ACLF), one died and the other underwent liver transplantation.Conclusion: Acute HEV hepatitis in our setting is an autochthonous condition that is probably underdiagnosed, manifesting with jaundice and cytolysis. Autoimmune marker positivity is an epiphenomenon, which in some cases complicates the diagnosis.

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“…HEV RNA has been detected in asymptomatic blood donors from the UK, Japan, Germany, Saudi Arabia, Scotland, Spain, Austria, the Netherlands and China (15,180,185,187,189,190,225,255,260). Moreover, cases of TT-HEV have been reported in the UK, Japan, France and Germany (17,190,260,261).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…TMA can amplify either DNA or RNA and produces an RNA amplicon (236). A prototype HEV assay based on this technology has been developed (Appendix III.d) (189). The limit of detection for this assay has shown to be 7.9 IU/ml (189).…”

Section: Nucleic Acid Amplification Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the risks posed by hepatitis E virus to blood supply safety

Shrestha¹

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Transfusion is an important field of clinical medicine, responsible for saving the lives of millions of people. However, concerns remain for patients' safety from adverse reactions and transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs). While risks from well-known TTIs (such as human immunodeficiency virus, human T-lymphotrophic virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and Treponema pallidum) have been reduced in developed nations, developing countries struggle to maintain the minimum screening requirements for these infections.

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Seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) and detection of HEV RNA with a transcription‐mediated amplification assay in blood donors from Catalonia (Spain)

Abstract: The Procleix HEV ID-NAT screening system has provided evidence of HEV RNA presence in Catalan blood donors. Further data are needed to assess the impact of HEV infection in at-risk patients to design the best strategy to increase blood safety.

Cited by 119 publications

References 38 publications

A nationwide survey of hepatitis E viral infection in French blood donors

A nationwide survey of hepatitis E viral infection in French blood donors

Autochthonous acute hepatitis E: an increasingly frequent diagnosis. Clinical-epidemiological analysis of our experience

Evaluating the risks posed by hepatitis E virus to blood supply safety

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