Seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus antibodies in adults and children from upstate New York: A cross-sectional study

Kmush, Brittany L.; Lu, Amelia M.; Spillane, Taylor Rime; Hruska, Bryce; Gump, Brooks B.; Bendinskas, Kestutis

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0245850

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In our study, the global seroprevalence rate was shown to be eight to 10 times higher than rates reported in other studies in HICs (12,(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27). Interestingly, the age-related gradient reported non-hyperendemic areas was also observed in our study (12).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 48%

“…Few studies have addressed the rates of HEV antibodies in children living in HICs (United States, Turkey, Spain, Portugal, and Russia); all of those reported rates were < 6% (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27). The unique study reporting high rates in children (34%) was performed in Southwestern France by the HEV Reference Laboratory using the same assay as used in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Seroprevalence of anti-HEV IgG in children: very early exposure in young children in a hyperendemic region

Capai,

Masse,

Hozé

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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Background and objectivesHepatitis E virus (HEV) can be considered an emerging zoonotic pathogen and is an important cause of acute viral hepatitis in high-income countries. Corsica has been identified as a hyperendemic region for HEV. We aimed to characterize the prevalence of IgG among children and estimate the annual force of infection of HEV.MethodsFrom April 2020 to June 2021, we collected 856 “residual sera” in 13 medical biology laboratories. Sera were tested using the Wantaï HEV IgG assay. Data were weighted according to the distribution by sex and age of the real Corsican population. Serocatalytic models were applied to assess the annual force of infection of HEV.ResultsThe weighted seroprevalence was 30.33% [27.15–34.0]. The seroprevalence was only associated with increasing age (7.25–40.52%; p < 0.001). The annual probability of infection was 5.4% for adults and children above 10-year-old and 2.2% for children under 10 yo.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that in the hyperendemic island of Corsica, (i) exposure of the population to HEV is homogeneous at the spatial level with no difference between genders; (ii) HEV exposure occurs from birth, resulting in 7.4% seropositivity at the age of 4 years; and (iii) super exposure is observed after the age of 9 years. Accordingly, specific studies should be conducted to determine the breadth of the situation identified in our study. The role of the environment and its contamination by domestic or wild swine excreta should be investigated using a One Health approach.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 48%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Seroprevalence of anti-HEV IgG in children: very early exposure in young children in a hyperendemic region

Capai,

Masse,

Hozé

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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“…A systematic review by Belei et al found that HEV seroprevalence estimates in individuals between 15 and 30 years can reach about 30% ( 63 ). Kmush et al studied HEV seroprevalence in both children and adults and found an overall seroprevalence of HEV antibodies among adults of 9.52% (95% CI: 3.58–19.59%) in contrast to a seroprevalence of 0.7% (95% CI: 0.15–2.09%) in children ( 64 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E virus in children and adolescents living in urban Bogotá: An explorative cross-sectional study

Villalobos

Kessel

Páez

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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The majority of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV)-related studies are carried out in adults whereas information about HEV seroprevalence, clinical disease manifestation, molecular epidemiology, and transmission patterns in children is limited. To estimate HEV seroprevalence among scholar children living in an urban setting and to analyze risk factors for an infection, we invited children aged 5–18 years from Bogotá (Colombia) for a cross-sectional survey. We collected self-reported data on demographics, social, clinical, and exposure variables in a structured interview. Venous blood samples were analyzed with two commercially available ELISAs for HEV-specific IgG antibodies. Among the 263 participants, we found three HEV IgG-reactive samples (1.1%) using both assays. We additionally characterized the samples for HEV IgM using a commercially available IgM ELISA and for HEV RNA. Here, we found one IgM-reactive sample, which was also reactive for IgG. In contrast, none of the IgM- and IgG-reactive sera samples showed detectable RNA levels indicating HEV exposure had not been recently. All participants reported access to drinking water and sanitary systems in their households and frequent hand washing routines (76–88%). Eighty percent of children reported no direct contact with pigs, but occasional pork consumption was common (90%). In contrast to the majority of studies performed in Colombian adults, we found a low unadjusted HEV seroprevalence of 1.1% (95% CI: 0.3–3.6%) for both HEV IgG ELISAs in our study population. While the majority of participants reported pork consumption, we speculate in the absence of viral RNA for genotyping in the affected individuals, that existing access to drinking water and sanitary systems within our study group contribute to the low HEV seroprevalence.

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“…Lower rates of IgG seropositive were observed during pregnancy in central Nigeria [14], Ethiopia [15] and South Africa [16]. Also much lower results among adults and children were found in France [17] and USA [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Frequency of HEV Antibodies in Pregnant Women and Its Association with Existent Risk Factors, Sudan: A Cross-Sectional Study

Elsharif,

Alfaki,

Elawad

et al. 2023

MRJI

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Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is an increasing global problem and high endemicity is observed in many developing countries. Pregnancy predisposes women to chronic infection and various complications. Objective: This study aimed to investigate sero-positivity of HEV and existent risk factors among pregnant women in Gezira State, Sudan. Methods: A cross-sectional design was followed, and a non–probability convenience sampling technique was used to collect 120 venous blood samples from pregnant women. Separated serum specimens was used for the quantitative detection of specific anti-HEV IgM and IgG by competitive ELISA method (MIKROGEN GmbH - Germany). Results: The frequency of positive results for HEV IgG antibodies in the study population amounted to 44.2 (53/120). Of the 53 HEV IgG positive pregnant participants 47.2% (25/53) were in the third trimester period, 39.6% (21/53) had preterm labor, 39.6% (21/53) had a history of abortion and 24.5% (13/53) with jaundice. Significant association was found between HEV IgG positive women and preterm labor (p-value 0.004), and history of jaundice (p-value 0.009). Conclusion: This preliminary study highlighted the high frequency of sero-positivity of hepatitis E virus in pregnant women in the studied area of Sudan.

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Seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus antibodies in adults and children from upstate New York: A cross-sectional study

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Seroprevalence of anti-HEV IgG in children: very early exposure in young children in a hyperendemic region

Seroprevalence of anti-HEV IgG in children: very early exposure in young children in a hyperendemic region

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E virus in children and adolescents living in urban Bogotá: An explorative cross-sectional study

Frequency of HEV Antibodies in Pregnant Women and Its Association with Existent Risk Factors, Sudan: A Cross-Sectional Study

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