Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus and Associated Factors among Health Professionals in University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Gebremariam, Aynishet Adane; Tsegaye, Adino Tesfahun; Shiferaw, Yalelet Fentaw; Reta, Mebratu Mitiku; Getaneh, Alem

doi:10.1155/2019/7136763

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…All the included studies were cross-sectional study designs and the most recent was conducted in 2019. Regarding regional coverage of HBV prevalence studies, more than half of the studies were obtained from Amhara region 22 (36.7%) [20, 29, 31, 36–38, 44, 46, 49, 50, 53, 58, 62, 63, 67–69, 71, 75, 78, 79, 82], Oromia region 12(20%) [32, 34, 41, 47, 48, 56, 60, 61, 64, 83, 85, 87], and Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region (SNNPR) 9(15%) [30, 43, 52, 65, 66, 70, 74, 76, 86]. The sample size across the studies was ranged from 108 [53] to 35,435 [44] obtained from the Amhara region.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus in Ethiopia

Yazie

Tebeje

2019

BMC Infect Dis

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BackgroundHepatitis B virus is one of the major public health concerns globally. It is highly infectious and can be transmitted from person to person through vertically or horizontally via contaminated body fluids. Despite the provision of an effective vaccine, it remains a major problem worldwide, particularly among the developing countries.MethodsOnline electronic databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, African Index Medicus, African Journals Online, and WHO Afro Library were searched and published articles from 2010 to June 8, 2019, were considered. Both authors independently screened articles and extracted the data. Funnel-Plots and Egger’s test statistics were used to determine the presence of small-study effects and publication bias. The pooled prevalence of HBV was analyzed using the random-effects model. The possible sources of heterogeneity was analyzed through subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and meta-regression.ResultsThe overall pooled prevalence of HBV was 6% and among subgroups, pregnant women, healthcare workers, and HIV positive patients accounted for 5% for each group. Relatively low prevalence (4%) was obtained among blood donors. The Egger’s test statistics (p = 0.747) indicated the absence of publication bias. In addition, from the sensitivity analysis, there was no influence on the overall effect estimate while removing a single study at a time. The level of heterogeneity was reduced among pregnant women, HIV positive and studies with unknown sampling techniques. After conducting meta-regression, province, study group, screening method, and quality of papers were identified as sources of heterogeneity.ConclusionsThe overall pooled prevalence of HBV in Ethiopia was high. Strengthening and scaling up of the scope of the existing vaccination program and implementing novel approaches including screen-and-treat could be implemented to reduce the burden of the disease. Generally, the study can provide current prevalence estimate of HBV that could vital for intervention to tackle the disease.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus in Ethiopia

Yazie

Tebeje

2019

BMC Infect Dis

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“…Forbye, the 12-month BBFs prevalence in the primary studies ranged from 16.5 [12] to 67.5% [23]. In parallel, the lifetime prevalence ranged from 28.8 [14] and 81.0% [33]. This 12-month pooled prevalence estimate was almost comparable from the pooled estimate from East Africa (47.3%) [9], Côte d'Ivoire, Mali, and Senegal (45.7%) [51], and a study by Bi P et al from Australia, revealed that 42% of HCWs had body fluid exposures in a year on their study [52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The prevalence of 12 months BBFs among the Ethiopian HCWs ranged from 16.5 [12] to 67.5% [23] in Addis Ababa Region. The lifetime prevalence of BBFs varied from 28.8% in the Harari Region [14] to 81.0% in the Amhara Region [33]. In this review, a low risk of bias was realized in 32 (88.9%) of the included studies (Additional file 3).…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Appended Studiesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Occupational exposures to blood and body fluids among healthcare workers in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Sahiledengle

Tekalegn

Woldeyohannes³

et al. 2020

Environ Health Prev Med

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Background Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids is a major risk factor for the transmission of blood-borne infections to healthcare workers. There are several primary studies in Ethiopia yet they might not be at the national level to quantify the extent of occupational blood and body fluid exposures (splash of blood or other body fluids into the eyes, nose, or mouth) or blood contact with non-intact skin among the healthcare workers. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of occupational blood and body fluid exposure of healthcare workers in Ethiopia. Methods PubMed, Science Direct, Hinari, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane library were systematically searched; withal, the references of appended articles were also checked for further possible sources. The Cochrane Q test statistics and I2 tests were used to assess the heterogeneity of the included studies. A random-effects meta-analysis model was used to estimate the lifetime and 12-month prevalence of occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among healthcare workers in Ethiopia. Results Of the 641 articles identified through the database search, 36 studies were included in the final analysis. The estimated pooled lifetime and 12-month prevalence on occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among healthcare workers were found to be at 54.95% (95% confidence interval (CI), 48.25–61.65) and 44.24% (95% CI, 36.98-51.51), respectively. The study identified a variation in healthcare workers who were exposed to blood and body fluids across Ethiopian regions. Conclusion The finding of the present study revealed that there was a high level of annual and lifetime exposures to blood and body fluids among healthcare workers in Ethiopia.

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“…All these health workforces are included in this study because these peoples have a relatively high occupational exposure to the HepB virus compared to the general population and in one way or another way they are involved in the Ethiopian healthcare service delivery. In Ethiopia, the risk of exposure is high among physicians, clinical nurses, midwives, laboratory technicians, and anesthetists consecutively 12 . Accordingly, this study would be implemented across all health facilities i.e.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-Utility Analysis of Expanding Hepatitis B Vaccination among Healthcare Workforce in Ethiopia

Tewihubo¹,

Gebrehans²,

Asmamaw³

2021

Preprint

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Objective: Three doses of monovalent Hepatitis B vaccinations that given for six months were the most effective as well as a safe way to prevent Hepatitis B viral infection. Ethiopia is one of the countries with high endemicity of Hepatitis B infection. Hence, examining cost-utility analysis of hepatitis B vaccination coverage among healthcare workers in Ethiopia was found the most essential work. Method: : Markov model for expanding vaccination coverage (3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine) was simulated based on the data obtained from black lion specialized hospitals and distinctive works of literature. In Ethiopia, the current vaccine coverage among health care workers accounts for around 14%. Most health workforce (241,250) of Ethiopia was first considered as susceptible with a probability of getting Hepatitis B Virus acutely and 5-10% chance of progressing to chronic Hepatitis B. This study was conducted from a healthcare payer perspective, with 3% discount rate of cost and health outcome as WHO recommendation. Primarily health outcome was measured by QALY gain and ICER. Deterministic analysis and tornado diagrams were employed to manage parameter uncertainty and show a plausible range of cost and effectiveness of variables obtained from published articles and black lion specialized hospitals. Result: Current vaccination program is more expensive (US$29.99) with a positive incremental cost of US$ 1.32 and less effective that have negative incremental effectiveness of -0.08 and total life year gains of 28.54 than Expanded Hepatitis B vaccination strategy which costs US$ 28.67 and gives relatively high total life-year gain of 28.62. The resulting ICER was US$ 16.23 per QALY gained. Hence, ICER was a negative current vaccination strategy that was dominated which means that is a more expensive and less effective strategy. One-way sensitivity analysis provides that the current vaccine coverage was dominated for an increase in the risk of infection among unvaccinated individuals. Conclusion: Increasing current vaccine coverage from 14% to 80% among all Ethiopian all healthcare workforces was the most cost-effective strategy.

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Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus and Associated Factors among Health Professionals in University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus in Ethiopia

An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus in Ethiopia

Occupational exposures to blood and body fluids among healthcare workers in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cost-Utility Analysis of Expanding Hepatitis B Vaccination among Healthcare Workforce in Ethiopia

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