Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients in an HBV endemic area in Brazil

Silva, Claudinei Mesquita da; Peder, Leyde Daiane de; Guelere, Alessandra Michele; Horvath, Josana Dranka; Silva, Eraldo Schunk; Teixeira, Jorge Juarez Vieira; Bertolini, Dennis Armando

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0203272

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…1.288,4.028) compared to those with CD4 >350 cells/mm3 in which is consistent with the study nding by Chen et al 2016 [29]. Co-infection of HIV and HBV can cause complex interactions because HIV impairs the cellular immunity, leading to increased replication of HBV, this increase in viral replication of HIV and HBV can further contribute to the impairment of the immune system [40]. In general, studies showed an association between lower baseline CD4 cell count and HBV co-infection [12,27,41,42].…”

Section: Hbv-hiv Co-infectionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Viral Hepatitis-HIV Co-Infection and their associated factors in Negeri Sembilan - a cross sectional study from HIV Case Registry

Abas¹,

Jamil²,

Saman³

et al. 2020

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Background: Viral Hepatitis HIV Co-infection is an important and preventable cause of chronic liver disease, and having them lead to many consequences, especially for those living in wrenched conditions. Thus it is a significant health issue in the communities. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Viral Hepatitis-HIV Co-Infection and determine the associated variables with this Co-Infection. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done using HIV Case Registry ( Anti Retroviral -(ARV) line listing). We included 1274 patients who were seen under the HIV Clinic services, which were screened for Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus ( HCV) upon registered to the clinic. Factors associated with the HBV-HIV and HCV-HIV were determined using bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression analysis using SPSS and odds ratio was used as the measures of association. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all the tests. Results: From the 1274 number of HIV patients, the prevalence of HBV-HIV is 5.6% (71 cases), while the prevalence with HCV co-infection was 14.8% (189 cases). As for the frequency of multiple HIV-Coinfection, out of 238 HIV cases with Co-Infection, the majority of 167 cases (70.17%) were HCV-HIV Co-Infected followed by 49 cases (20.5%) were HBV-HIV Co-Infected. In comparison, another 22 cases ( 9.24%) were Co-Infected with HBV-HCV-HIV. In the final model of HBV-HIV Co-Infection, only male gender, CD4 count category less than 199 cells/mm3 and primary care type of facilities were associated with the disease whereas, in the HCV-HIV Coinfection, only male gender, Malay race, Intravenous Drug User (IVDU) modes of transmission, and source of the case from high-risk screening program were associated with the disease. Conclusions: Co-Infection with HCV-HIV is more prevalent from HBV-HIV in our study population. A more targeted intervention of HBV revaccination and more frequent screening of HCV post HCV treatment as reinfection is anticipated in high-risk behaviour patient are some of the intervention programs that can be suggested.

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Section: Hbv-hiv Co-infectionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Viral Hepatitis-HIV Co-Infection and their associated factors in Negeri Sembilan - a cross sectional study from HIV Case Registry

Abas¹,

Jamil²,

Saman³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Individuals with HIV infection could live longer in the era of increased access to ART but that could be complicated because many are coinfected with viral hepatitis B and or C in sub-Saharan Africa. Viral hepatitis B and or C coinfected HIV-patients have been associated with increased immunosuppression pre-ART during ART and also increased ART-related liver toxicity [12] although some studies reported to the contrary [8]. Therefore, the current study sought to establish the burden of viral hepatitis B and C among ART naïve HIV patients and to herald the deleterious effects of these hepatitis viruses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, there has been conflicting reports on the effects of viral hepatitis on the immunity of HIV patients co-infected with either HBV or HCV. Whereas some studies showed HBV and HCV coinfections were linked to a more severe form of immunosuppression of pre ART CD4+ T-cell counts compared to those with HIV mono-infection [4–6] others observed no differences [7, 8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sero-prevalence of Hepatitis B and C viral co-infections among HIV-1 infected ART-naïve individuals in Kumasi, Ghana

et al. 2019

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Background The study assessed the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection paradigm among the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients attending a tertiary hospital in Ghana. Also, the immunological and virological characterisation of these viruses, prior to antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation was investigated. Method A total of 400 HIV infected (HIV type-1) treatment naïve subjects ≥18 years were enrolled and tested for HBsAg and anti-HCV. Hepatitis B virus serological profile was performed on samples that were HBV positive. CD4+ T-cell count and HIV-1 RNA viral loads were determined using BD FacsCalibur analyzer (USA) and COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan Analyzer (USA) respectively. Results The overall prevalence of HBV/HCV co-infection among the HIV-1 patients was 18.0%. The prevalence of HIV-HBV and HIV-HCV co-infections were 12.5% and 5.5% respectively. The prevalence of active viral hepatitis (HBeAg-positive) among HIV-HBV co-infected patients was 40%. None of the patients had anti-HBc IgM. HIV-HBV co-infection was associated with lower CD4+ T-cell count as well as higher HIV-1 viral load compared to both HIV mono- infection and HIV-HCV co- infection ( p <0.05) respectively. HBeAg positivity was associated with severe immunosuppression and higher HIV viral load. Patients aged 18–33 years [aOR = 9.66(1.17–79.61); p = 0.035], male gender [aOR = 2.74(1.15–6.51); p = 0.023], primary education [aOR = 9.60(1.21–76.08); p = 0.032], secondary education [aOR = 14.67(1.82–118.08); p = 0.012] and being single [aOR = 2.88(1.12–7.39); p = 0.028] were independent risk factors of HIV-HBV co-infections but not HIV-HCV co-infections. Conclusion The present study highlights the predominance of HBV exposure among the HIV infected patients in Ghana. HBV coinfection was associated with severe immunosuppression and higher HIV-1 viral load.

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“…HBV transmission occurs by contact with infected blood and body fluids through reused or unsterilized medical/dental devices, tattooing and piercing, and illicit injecting drugs (when sharing needles and syringes). In addition, transmission can occur when personal objects, such as toothbrushes and nail clippers, are shared in a family context [8][9][10][11] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More than 350,000 cases per year progress to death due to the same serious liver diseases that occur with HBV 7,12,13 . Risk groups include those who received blood transfusions and/or blood products prior to 1992, intravenous drug users, people with tattoos and piercings, HIV carriers, transplanted, hemodialyzed or hemophiliac patients, the incarcerated population and those who are sexually promiscuous 2,10,14,15 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological study of viral hepatitis in Brazil: A geographical and temporal analysis

et al. 2019

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Introduction: Viral hepatitis is a group of diseases that present high hepatotropism and are related to liver dysfunctions, having either an acute or a chronic course. Their worldwide epidemiology is diverse, with several endemic places, such as South America. The objective of this study was to analyze the epidemiology of viral hepatitis in Brazil, in order to better understand its pattern of distribution and evolution. Method: A temporal aggregation study was conducted using the Viral Hepatitis Database of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The serological markers used were HBsAg and anti-HCV for hepatitis B and C, respectively. Mortality data were collected from the Mortality Information System for deaths attributed to viral hepatitis. The period analyzed was from 2007 to 2016/17. Results: The incidence was 7.88 (95% CI, 7.30-8.45) for hepatitis B and 11.9 (95% CI, 11.15-12.65) for hepatitis C. Mortality attributed to viral hepatitis was 1.61 (95% CI, 1.35-1.87) deaths per 100,000 people. An analysis of municipal distribution data showed several endemic areas. The Brazilian regions most affected by hepatitis B virus were the northern and southern borders, Santa Catarina coast and Espírito Santo state, while hepatitis C virus was mostly present in metropolitan areas such as Porto Alegre and São Paulo. Conclusions: Viral hepatitis has a diverse geographic distribution in the Brazilian territory, with highly endemic areas. The distribution differs between hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses.

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Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients in an HBV endemic area in Brazil

Cited by 12 publications

References 41 publications

Viral Hepatitis-HIV Co-Infection and their associated factors in Negeri Sembilan - a cross sectional study from HIV Case Registry

Viral Hepatitis-HIV Co-Infection and their associated factors in Negeri Sembilan - a cross sectional study from HIV Case Registry

Sero-prevalence of Hepatitis B and C viral co-infections among HIV-1 infected ART-naïve individuals in Kumasi, Ghana

Ecological study of viral hepatitis in Brazil: A geographical and temporal analysis

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