Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen and Antibody among Pregnant Women Attending a Tertiary Health Institution in Southwestern Nigeria

Oladele, Opaleye Oluyinka; Saheed, S. M.; Familua, Funmilayo; Adekunle, Olowe Olugbenga; Olusola, Ojurongbe; Samuel, Bolaji Oloyede; Odewale, Gbolabo; Adeyemi, Ojo Johnson

doi:10.9790/0853-13316771

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In this study, seroprevalence rate of 2.7 % was observed which falls within the documented range of 0.5 % to 46.8 % reported by previous workers [1,10,19].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Detection of Hepatitis B surface Antibodies (Anti-Hbs), Lifelong Immunity to HBV in HIV positive Patients in Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria

Anjorin

2017

JRRS

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Background: Detection of Hepatitis B surface antibodies (anti-HBs) in the serum implies that an individual is immune to HBV infection either from vaccination or past infection, which usually persists for life. Aim: This study was aimed to determine the seropositivity of anti-HBs among HIV-seropositive patients and further appraise the effect of co-infection on their immunological status in Ojo, Lagos. Materials and Methods: A total of 74 blood samples collected from HIV positive patients were analysed for anti-HBs (HBsAb) by Immunochromatographic assay (Biotec, UK). CD4+ count was determined using BD FACS Count Automated analyser. Results: Out of the 74 HIV infected patients screened, 12 (16.2 %) males and 62 (83.8 %) females, 2 patients (2.7 %) were positive for anti-HBs, with no prevalence among the males and 2.7 % among the females. Anti-HBs was only recorded in HIV positive patients in the 21-30 years age group (8.7 %). The result showed anti-HBs lifelong protection to HBV among HIV patients with CD4+ Count ranging from 601-700 and 901-1000 to be 1.7 % and 1.7 % respectively. Protection of 3.5 % was reported among antiretroviral therapy (ART) naïve patients and 0 % protection among ART patients. Conclusions: Our findings showed prevalence of 2.7% HBsAb in the studied HIV positive patients with a protection of 3.5 % anti-HBs to HBV among antiretroviral therapy (ART) naïve patients in Ojo, Lagos. The low prevalence of HBsAb in HIV positive patients may be attributed to suppression of immune responses leading to the loss of previously developed protective antibody against HBV infection. We hereby suggest anti-HBs screening for all HIV positive patients and that those negative should be vaccinated to help them develop protective immunity to HBV infection.

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“…In this study, seroprevalence rate of 2.7 % was observed which falls within the documented range of 0.5 % to 46.8 % reported by previous workers [1,10,19].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Detection of Hepatitis B surface Antibodies (Anti-Hbs), Lifelong Immunity to HBV in HIV positive Patients in Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria

Anjorin

2017

JRRS

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“…It has been reported that HBV can be transmitted between family members within a household through sharing personal items such as, tooth brushes and shaving razors with an infected person and exposure to blood from needle sticks or other sharp instruments contaminated with HBsAg of chronically infected persons [ 39 , 40 ]. In our study, statistically significant association was observed between subjects who had history of contact with HBV infected family member and HBV infection ( p = 0.011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen and anti HCV antibody and its associated risk factors among pregnant women attending maternity ward of Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Molla

Munshea

Nibret

2015

Virol J

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BackgroundViral hepatitis is a life-threatening liver disease that has become important public health issue in developing countries including Ethiopia. This study was undertaken to determine the seroprevalence of HBsAgs and anti-HCV antibodies and what socio-demographic factors are associated with sero-positivity of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infections among pregnant women attending maternity ward of Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, northwest, Ethiopia.MethodsHospital based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2013 to January 2014. Blood samples were randomly collected from 384 pregnant women. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, obstetric and potential risk factors were collected using semi-structured questionnaire. Chromatographic kits were used to detect the presence of HBsAg and antibodies against HCV in serum samples of the studied subjects. Chi-square test was used for assessing the association between socio-demographic variables and HBV and HCV status. Logistic regression analysis was done to determine the strength of association between risk factors and HBV or HCV infection. P-values less than 0.05 were considered as significant.ResultsSeroprevalnce of hepatitis B and C virus infections were found to be 4.4 and 0.26 %, respectively. None of the pregnant women were co-infected by these two viruses. Amongst the potential risk factors, previous history of dental procedure (AOR = 4.104, CI = 1.276–13.201, P = 0.018), house hold contact (AOR = 5.475, CI = 1.472–20.368, P = 0.011), multiple sexual exposure (AOR = 5.041, CI = 1.580–16.076, P = 0.006), and delivery at traditional birth attendants (AOR = 4.100, CI = 0.195-86.129, P = 0.024) were significantly associated with and important predictors of hepatitis B infection.ConclusionsThis study found an intermediate endemicity (4.4 %) of HBV infection in pregnant women whereas seroprevalence of anti-HCV antibody was very small, but this needs to be confirmed by other similar studies with larger sample size. Thus, scaling up of the screening of pregnant women for HBV and HCV infections and provision of health education about the risk factors, the mode of transmissions and prevention is recommended.

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“…HBV also causes a higher incidence of low birth weight on infants born from HBV‐infected mothers during pregnancy, and has become the leading cause of fetal death . In addition to this, pregnant women who are infected with HBV are at risk of infecting their babies with a consequence of developing fulminate HBV infection which is the most likely cause of jaundice in pregnancy …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B virus infection and associated risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in health facilities of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia

Mezgebo

Niguse

Kahsay

et al. 2017

Journal of Medical Virology

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Hepatitis B virus infection is one of the leading causes of liver disease in the world. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of HBV infection and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Northern Ethiopia using a cross-sectional study design. A total of 328 pregnant women were included in this study. Clinical and socio-demographic data of the pregnant women were collected using a structured questionnaire by nurses or midwives during their ANC visit. For the detection of HBsAg, 5 mL of venous blood was collected from the pregnant women; serum was separated in the health facilities from the whole blood and was transported to Tigray Public Health Research Institute for analysis using. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20.0. (IBM). Association of variables with HBV infection was determined with multivariate analysis and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The mean age of the study participants was 25.45 ± 5.067. The overall prevalence rate of HBV infection among the pregnant women was 5.5%. A statistical association of HBV infection with risk factors was seen on participants, who were making unprotected sexual practices with multiple partners (AoR = 6.4, 95%CI, 2-21, P = 0.03), on those who had HBV-infected person in their family (AoR = 8, 95%CI, 1-58, P = 0.02), and on those who had undergone surgical procedures (AoR = 6.8, 95%CI, 1-32, P = 0.022).

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Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen and Antibody among Pregnant Women Attending a Tertiary Health Institution in Southwestern Nigeria

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

Detection of Hepatitis B surface Antibodies (Anti-Hbs), Lifelong Immunity to HBV in HIV positive Patients in Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria

Detection of Hepatitis B surface Antibodies (Anti-Hbs), Lifelong Immunity to HBV in HIV positive Patients in Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria

Seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen and anti HCV antibody and its associated risk factors among pregnant women attending maternity ward of Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Hepatitis B virus infection and associated risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in health facilities of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia

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