Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C virus infection among HIV infected patients in Mumbai

Sawant, Sandhya; Agrawal, Sachee; Shastri, Jayanthi

doi:10.4103/0253-7184.75025

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(4 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Compared to two previous seroprevalence studies among blood donors in two urban hospitals in the North of India, 14,15 we found similar proportions of hepatitis B and HIV infections and lower proportion of syphilis and hepatitis C. In HIV patients, hepatitis B was more common and hepatitis C was more rare than previously reported in other sites of India, 16,17 probably because of the higher proportion of heterosexual transmission in our area. The proportion of HIV type 2 was also lower than in other studies from South India.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Gender Differences, Routes of Transmission, Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Prevalence of HIV Related Infections of Adults and Children in an HIV Cohort from a Rural District of India

Alvarez-Uria¹,

Midde²,

Pakam³

et al. 2012

Infectious Disease Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Despite 67% of HIV infected people in India are rural residents, the epidemiology of HIV in rural areas is not well known. This is an observational cohort study of 11,040 HIV infected people living in a rural district of India. The prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and syphilis of HIV infected patients were compared to the seroprevalence in 16,641 blood donors from the same area. The age of diagnosis in adults was below 35 years in 70% of cases and 56% were illiterate. One third of women were widows and only 3.6% of adults had a permanent job. Women were diagnosed at earlier age, had lower level of education, had poorer employment conditions and depended more on their relatives than men. In a survey performed to a subgroup of patients, 81% of women referred to have acquired HIV from their spouse, whereas 51% of men acquired HIV from commercial sex. Patients with HIV had significantly higher prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and syphilis than blood donors. Seroprevalence of HIV-2, hepatitis C and toxoplasmosis were low compared to other sites. Six percent were children (<15 years) and almost half of them had lost one or both of their parents. The study shows the poor socio-economical situation and the high level of illiteracy of people living with HIV in rural India, especially women. Future health programmes of HIV in India should take into account the particularities of the HIV epidemic in rural areas.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Gender Differences, Routes of Transmission, Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Prevalence of HIV Related Infections of Adults and Children in an HIV Cohort from a Rural District of India

Alvarez-Uria¹,

Midde²,

Pakam³

et al. 2012

Infectious Disease Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[88][89][90][91][92][93] A high prevalence of HCV and HIV coinfection has been found in intravenous drug users ranging from 13.2% to 86%. [94][95][96][97] HIV-infected patients with HCV coinfection have a faster progression to AIDS and slower CD4+ recovery than patients with HIV infection alone as was shown in the Swiss Cohort study.…”

Section: Management Of Hcv In Hiv Coinfectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indian National Association for Study of the Liver (INASL) Guidance for Antiviral Therapy Against HCV Infection: Update 2016

Puri

Saraswat

Dhiman

et al. 2016

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

India contributes significantly to the global burden of HCV. While the nucleoside NS5B inhibitor sofosbuvir became available in the Indian market in March 2015, the other directly acting agents (DAAs), Ledipasvir and Daclatasvir, have only recently become available in the India. The introduction of these DAA in India at a relatively affordable price has led to great optimism about prospects of cure for these patients as not only will they provide higher efficacy, but combination DAAs as all-oral regimen will result in lower side effects than were seen with pegylated interferon alfa and ribavirin therapy. Availability of these newer DAAs has necessitated revision of INASL guidelines for the treatment of HCV published in 2015. Current considerations for the treatment of HCV in India include the poorer response of genotype 3, nonavailability of many of the DAAs recommended by other guidelines and the cost of therapy. The availability of combination DAA therapy has simplified therapy of HCV with decreased reliance of evaluation for monitoring viral kinetics or drug related side effects. ( J CLIN EXP HEPATOL 2016;6:119-145) T here have been revolutionary changes in the management of chronic hepatitis C (CH-C) over the last few years. Pegylated interferon alfa (Peg-IFNa) plus ribavirin (RBV) therapy, which till the recent past was the standard of care, has been eclipsed by the arrival of newer directly acting antiviral agents (DAAs). Not only do the DAAs have better efficacy, they are also associated with lower side effects, have better tolerability, a shorter duration of therapy, and have simpler administration.In the recent guidelines issued by the American Association for the study of Liver Diseases (AASLD), in collaboration with the Infectious Diseases Society of America 1 and the European Association for Study of the Liver z (EASL), 2 the role of Peg-IFNa/RBV therapy in the management of HCV has been relegated to second-line, backup status. These newer guidelines, however, cannot be implemented in India as many of the recommended drugs are yet to be marketed in India. Other considerations for the treatment of HCV in India are a predominance of

show abstract

“…In India, the coinfection rate has been found to be 0.2–8% in peripheral HIV/sexually transmitted disease clinics and tuberculosis clinics. 76 In the major metropolis areas, the rates are 11.3% in Kolkata, 77 16.7% in Mumbai, 78 15% in Hyderabad, 79 9% in Chennai, 80 and 5.3% in Delhi. 81 Cases are higher with sexually acquired HIV infection compared to parenterally acquired HIV infection.…”

Section: Hepatitis B In Special Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Scenario of Hepatitis B and Its Treatment in India

Ray¹

2017

Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hepatitis B is a significant public health problem in India, yet disease awareness is very low among the general population. The disease is mostly acquired horizontally, but the role of vertical transmission should not be underestimated. In spite of the fact that the majority of cases are e negative disease, most patients present in the advanced stage and even with hepatocellular carcinoma, the leading cause of which is hepatitis B. High-risk groups (especially tribals) also harbour significant disease burden and have a high prevalence of occult infection, supporting the potential of unknowingly spreading the disease. Findings on the relation of genotypes with disease severity or drug action have been conflicting. Though recently, oral antivirals with high genetic barrier to resistance have shown good viral suppression in the long term, e and s seroconversion is poor and relapse is universal upon therapy discontinuation. As no cure is possible with the currently available therapy, the target is long-term viral suppression by prolonged administration of oral antivirals; unfortunately, this leads to poor treatment adherence, which along with the high cost of therapy results in disease progression and spread of infection. At present, therefore, emphasis should be put on health education of the general and high-risk populations, along with health care workers to increase knowledge on such preventive measures as avoiding unsafe injection practices, high-risk sex, performing unnecessary injection and blood transfusion and providing proper screening of blood products; these efforts should be combined with intensive screening and aggressive vaccination programs, especially in high-risk groups and areas of high endemicity. Vaccination strategies are still below par and logistics should be developed for wider coverage; in addition, further research should be carried out on the efficacy and mode of usage for different types of vaccine.

show abstract

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C virus infection among HIV infected patients in Mumbai

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

Gender Differences, Routes of Transmission, Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Prevalence of HIV Related Infections of Adults and Children in an HIV Cohort from a Rural District of India

Gender Differences, Routes of Transmission, Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Prevalence of HIV Related Infections of Adults and Children in an HIV Cohort from a Rural District of India

Indian National Association for Study of the Liver (INASL) Guidance for Antiviral Therapy Against HCV Infection: Update 2016

Current Scenario of Hepatitis B and Its Treatment in India

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About