Seroprevalence of Hepatitis A Virus Antibodies in the U.S.: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Abstract

Increases in seroprevalence among children in vaccinating states suggest a positive effect of the 1999 vaccination recommendations.

Progress Toward Eliminating Hepatitis A Disease in the United States

“…The increase in the prevalence of anti-HAV among U.S.-born children between 1999-2000 and 2009-2010 is indicative of increased protection against HAV infection through greater vaccination coverage, as has been suggested previously (58). However, during 2009-2010, an estimated 50% or more of non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic black children aged <19 years still lacked anti-HAV protection.…”

Serum Hepatitis a Antibody Positivity Correlates with Higher Pancreas Cancer Mortality in Adults: Implications for Hepatitis Vaccination in High Risk Areas

“…Many studies have found a poverty level to be related to serum hepatitis A antibody positivity (Bell et al, 2005) (Verma and Khanna, 2012). Other studies have not found statistically significant association between hepatitis A serum antibody positivity and poverty level (Klevens et al, 2011). The association between hepatitis A serum positivity and poverty has been found to be U-shaped.…”

“…Age, ethnicity, poverty and country of birth were found to be important risk factors for serum hepatitis A serum positivity (Bell et al, 2005). 1n 1995, hepatitis A vaccines were licensed in U.S., shortly after Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACID) recommended vaccinations for children older than 2 years old (Klevens et al, 2011) for the high risk groups. By 1999, the vaccines were introduced to 11 Western states in U.S. with high hepatitis A virus infection rate.…”

“…By 1999, the vaccines were introduced to 11 Western states in U.S. with high hepatitis A virus infection rate. By 2003, the infection rate was decreased by 76% (Klevens et al, 2011). In 2006, the vaccination was recommended for all 12-23 month old children (Velasco-Mondragon et al, 2012).…”

Prevalence of hepatitis A virus antibodies in Central-Eastern Poland – a comparative study (1990-2012)

“…In USA during 1999-2006, the overall seroprevalence of anti-HAV was 34.9% [7]. During 1999-2006, U.S.-born children living in vaccinating states had a higher seroprevalence.…”