Seroprevalence of Cat Leptospirosis in Belgrade (Serbia)

Obrenović, Sonja; Radojičić, Sonja; Stević, Nataša; Bogunović, Danica; Vakanjac, Slobodanka; Valčić, Miroslav

doi:10.2478/acve-2014-0047

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Serologically, 25.6% (n = 21/82) of the cats had positive antibody titers (100-1,600) against the pathogenic serogroups, namely Bataviae, Javanica, and Ballum. Cats in this study had higher leptospiral serodetection compared to that of other recent cats studies in the USA, Brazil, Iran, Canada, Taiwan, and Germany, which ranged between 4.8% and 17.9% [11][12][13][14][31][32][33][34], but lower serodetection compared to those reported in Greece and Serbia, which ranged between 26% and 33% [35,36]. MAT test results may vary because of the serovar panel used in the geographical area of interest and the cut-off value.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

First report of pathogenic Leptospira spp. isolated from urine and kidneys of naturally infected cats

Alashraf¹,

Lau²,

Khairani-Bejo³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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Leptospirosis is one of the most widespread zoonotic diseases and can infect both humans and animals worldwide. Healthy cat, as a potential source of exposure to humans, are likely underestimated owing to the lack of overt clinical signs associated with Leptospira spp. infection in this species. The aim of the study was to determine the exposure, shedding, and carrier status of leptospires in shelter cats in Malaysia by using serological, molecular, and bacteriological methods. For this study, 82 healthy cats from two shelters were sampled. The blood, urine, and kidneys were tested using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and bacterial culture. On the basis of serological, molecular, and/or culture techniques, the total detection of leptospiral infection was 29.3% (n = 24/ 82). Through culture techniques, 16.7% (n = 4/24) of the cats that tested positive were carriers with positive kidney cultures, and one cat was culture positive for both urine and kidney. The Leptospira spp. isolates were identified as pathogenic L. interrogans serovar Bataviae through serological and molecular methods. Through serological techniques, 87.5% (n = 21/24) had positive antibody titers (100-1600) and most of the Bataviae serogroup (n = 19/ 21). Using PCR, 16.7% (n = 4/24) of cats were shown to have pathogenic Leptospira spp. DNA in their urine. Furthermore, three out of four culture positive cats were serology negative. The present study reports the first retrieval of pathogenic leptospires from urine and kidneys obtained from naturally infected cats. The results provide evidence of the potential role of naturally infected cats in the transmission of leptospires. Additionally, leptospiral infection occurs sub-clinically in cats. The culture isolation provides evidence that healthy cats could be reservoirs of leptospiral infection, and this information may promote the development of disease prevention strategies for the cat population.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

First report of pathogenic Leptospira spp. isolated from urine and kidneys of naturally infected cats

Alashraf¹,

Lau²,

Khairani-Bejo³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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“…In this study, we found 37% (cut-off 1:40) of seroprevalence for Leptospira infection, which is close to the only study published regarding the cat population in the island at that time that reported 26.6% (cut-off titre 1:100) [ 15 ]. When looking at studies performed in other countries published over the last 5 years, the mean seroprevalence observed in cats was 14%, with only one study with a prevalence over 20% in Serbia (cut-off titre 1:100) [ 11 , 13 , 16 , 19 , 26 – 31 ]. Our study records a high seroprevalence in cats, which could be due to a lower cut-off value (1:40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological and molecular detection of pathogenic Leptospira in domestic and stray cats on Reunion Island, French Indies

2021

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Indian Ocean islands are endemic areas for human and animal leptospirosis. Maintenance host species for Leptospira spp. have still not been completely elucidated, and recently the role of cats (Felis catus) has been questioned. This cross-sectional study aims to determine whether cats are part of the maintenance community of different strains of Leptospira spp. in Reunion Island. The prevalence of Leptospira infection in an opportunistic sample of stray and domestic cats (n=92) from Reunion Island has been studied using serological (Microagglutination-Test) and molecular detection (PCR). The results revealed a seroprevalence of 37.0% (34/92) (cut-off 1:40) without a significant difference in the living conditions of animals. The predominant serogroup was Icterohaemorrhagiae, but Ballum, Cynopteri and Australis were also detected. Using PCR, 28.6% (12/42) of stray cats were tested positive. Leptospiral DNA was detected in renal tissue, urine, and blood of respectively 14.3% (6/42), 10.3% (4/39) and 11.9% (5/42) of stray cats, but 0% (0/3), 0% (0/50) and 0% (0/36) of domestic cats (p=non applicable, p=0,038, p=0,058 respectively). Partial rrs gene (16S rRNA) sequencing identified L. interrogans in all PCR positive samples. Our study confirms that renal carriage and urinary shedding are possible, positioning cats, and especially stray cats as potential actors within the maintenance community of L. interrogans in Reunion Island.

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“…Leptospirosis is an example of this dynamic interface with wildlife [41]. Serovars belonging serogroups Australis, Autumnalis, Batavie, Bratislava, Grippotyphosa, and Pomona have been previously described in cats from Europe [12,15,16,27,39,42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptospira Detection in Cats in Spain by Serology and Molecular Techniques

Murillo

Cuenca

Serrano

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Leptospirosis is the most neglected widespread zoonosis worldwide. In Spain, leptospirosis reports in people and animals have increased lately. Cats can become infected with Leptospira, as well as be chronic carriers. The aim of this study was to determine serological antibody prevalence against Leptospira sp., blood DNA, and shedding of DNA from pathogenic Leptospira species in the urine of cats in Spain. Microagglutination tests (MAT) and blood and urine TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed. Leptospira antibodies were detected in 10/244 cats; with 4.1% positive results (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.1–7.18%). Titers ranged from 1:20 to 1:320 (serovars Ballum; Bataviae; Bratislava; Cynopteri; Grippotyphosa Mandemakers; Grippotyphosa Moskva; Pomona; and Proechimys). The most common serovar was Cynopteri. Blood samples from 1/89 cats amplified for Leptospira DNA (1.12%; 95% CI: 0.05–5.41%). Urine samples from 4/232 cats amplified for Leptospira DNA (1.72%; 95% CI: 0.55–4.10%). In conclusion free-roaming cats in Spain can shed pathogenic Leptospira DNA in their urine and may be a source of human infection. Serovars not previously described in cats in Spain were detected; suggesting the presence of at least 4 different species of pathogenic leptospires in the country (L. borgpetersenii; L. interrogans; L. kirschneri; and L. noguchii).

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Seroprevalence of Cat Leptospirosis in Belgrade (Serbia)

Cited by 22 publications

References 16 publications

First report of pathogenic Leptospira spp. isolated from urine and kidneys of naturally infected cats

First report of pathogenic Leptospira spp. isolated from urine and kidneys of naturally infected cats

Serological and molecular detection of pathogenic Leptospira in domestic and stray cats on Reunion Island, French Indies

Leptospira Detection in Cats in Spain by Serology and Molecular Techniques

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