Seroprevalence of brucellosis and chlamydiosis in sheep and goats with history of abortion in Iran

Abnaroodheleh, Faranak; Emadi, Anahita; Dadar, Maryam

doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2021.106459

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Risk factors for brucellosis seroprevalence in sheep and goat flocks were reported as breed, contact with other animals (cattle, horse, monkey, dog, cat), herd size with more animal's movements and intensive management practices, age at animal population level, the incorporation on new animals to the flock during the previous year, frequency of disinfecting practices per year, implementation of brucellosis control programs for sheep and goat flocks, type of grazing, feeding, mate control, origin of the farm (Teklue et al 2013, Lindahl et al 2014, Kelkay et al 2017, Saleem 2019. Abortion history in small-ruminant was a significant risk factor with flock-level seropositivity of brucellosis (Megersa et al 2011, Abnaroodheleh et al 2021. Brucellosis seropositivity was also reported as significantly associated with history of retained fetal membrane in small ruminants (Adem et al 2021).…”

Section: Potential Risk Factors Associated With Small Ruminant Brucel...mentioning

confidence: 95%

Main risk factors associated with small and large ruminant brucellosis

Dadar¹,

GODFROID²

2021

Indian J of Anim Sci

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Brucellosis is a neglected zoonotic bacterial disease in most of the developing world that has a significant impact on public health. The prevalence of brucellosis in livestock, particularly in large and small ruminants is variable in many countries and seems to remain high, especially amongst subsistence and small-scale livestock farmers. There are different factors that may influence the prevalence of brucellosis in large and small ruminants. This review is aimed at describing the most important factors that need to be taken into consideration for the planning and implementation of effective brucellosis control programmes. Common risk factors in the brucellosis development in small and large ruminant animals include species, age, sex, extensive or intensive production system, herd/flock size, mixed farming, introduction of new animals in the farms, breeding practice, hygiene, absence of vaccination, and awareness of the disease. This review suggests that different risk factors might have various impacts on brucellosis seroprevalence that need to be addressed in epidemiological studies in different farming systems.

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Section: Potential Risk Factors Associated With Small Ruminant Brucel...mentioning

confidence: 95%

Main risk factors associated with small and large ruminant brucellosis

Dadar¹,

GODFROID²

2021

Indian J of Anim Sci

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“…An equal level (30 μL) of RBPT antigen (Vaccine and Serum Research Institute of Razi, Karaj, Iran) and sera samples were mixed by a disposable applicator on a white ceramic tile and shaken for 4 min. A positive result was reported after observing the pink agglutination [20][21][22]. Briefly, 0.8 mL of phosphate buffer saline (PBS) was dispensed to the first agglutination tube.…”

Section: Rbptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, 0.5 mL of Wright antigen with 1/10 concentration (Vaccine and Serum Research Institute of Razi) was added to the contents of all test tubes and incubated at 37°C for 24 h after shaking. The agglutination titers were recorded using guidelines [20][21][22].…”

Section: Rbptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brucellosis in livestock: First study on seroepidemiology, risk factors, and preventive strategies to manage the disease in Famenin, Iran

et al. 2022

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Background and Aim: Brucellosis is an infectious disease in humans and livestock. The disease is endemic in many regions of Iran, for example, Hamedan Province. Knowledge of infection rate and associated risk factors is essential to control and prevent the disease. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of brucellosis and associated risk factors in cattle, sheep, and goats in Famenin, Hamedan Province, West of Iran. Materials and Methods: Blood samples of 1758 animals (1470 sheep, 190 goats, and 98 cattle) were obtained in different rural regions of Famenin. The samples were evaluated to detect of Brucella-antibodies using rose Bengal plate test (RBPT), Wright standard tube agglutination test (SAT), and 2-Mercapto-Ethanol (2-ME) techniques. The risk factors associated with brucellosis such as age, gender, history of vaccination against brucellosis, and abortion history in animals were evaluated. In the sampling process, the critical gaps related to the distribution of brucellosis in the herds and regions are identified for designing the strategies to prevent and control the disease. Results: About 6.88% and 89.31% of animals had a history of abortion and vaccination against brucellosis, respectively. Most of the animals were female (92.49%) and in the range of 2–3 age old (39.8%). The antibodies to the Brucella-infection in animals were 2.73% with RBPT and 1.30% with SAT and 2-ME. The prevalence of brucellosis was detected 1.3% among individual animals and 11% among herds. This rate was 1.43% for sheep and 1.05% for goats, with no significant statistical difference. No seropositive case was detected in cattle samples using RBPT, STAT, and 2-ME. The highest rate of brucellosis (6.25%) was detected in Emamzadeh-Pirnahan region (22.2% goats and 5.6% sheep). In sheep, most cases of the disease were in 3–4 age-old group (1.92%), animals without a history of abortion (1.58%), and without a history of vaccination against brucellosis (2.80%). Furthermore, 5.94% of males and 1.11% of females were detected positive for brucellosis (p < 0.001). The chance of brucellosis in rams was 5.6 folds higher than in others (odds ratio = 5.64). Brucellosis in goats was detected 2.94% and 1.89% in the age groups <1 and 2–3 year-old. Furthermore, 1.22% of females and 1.34% of animals without a history of abortion were positive. Brucellosis was found in 0.61% of vaccinated and 3.85% of non-vaccinated goats. Except for gender in sheep, no significant statistical correlation (p > 0.05) was observed between prevalence of brucellosis and risk factors. In farmers, low level of information about the transmission and also control and preventive methods of the disease was dominant. Consumption of traditional and unpasteurized dairy products is also very common in the studied regions. Conclusion: This is a comprehensive evaluation of animal brucellosis parallel to humans' cohort study in the Famenin region for the first time. Although the rate of brucellosis in animals is low in the region, explaining the risk factors to farmers, mass vaccination, regular screening of animals, and culling the positive animals are very important for controlling and reducing the disease in the region.

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