Seroprevalence investigation and genetic analysis of pseudorabies virus within pig populations in Henan province of China during 2018–2019

Zheng, Huihua; Jin, Yue; Hou, Cheng-Yao; Li, Xinsheng; Zhao, Li; Wang, Zhenya; Chen, Hongying

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104835

Cited by 15 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The present results revealed that the PRV-gE seropositive rate had a wide range from 0.0 to 41.28% in different geographical regions of Hunan province, which was also reported in other studies ( 11 , 17 ). The geographical difference might be associated with sampling size, transportation, breeding scale, and conditions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…PR had largely been controlled in some regions between 2005 to 2010 with the application of gE-deleted vaccine ( 17 ). However, this disease was frequently reported in Bartha-K61-vaccinated pig farms in late 2011, causing high mortality in newborn piglets ( 19 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this disease was frequently reported in Bartha-K61-vaccinated pig farms in late 2011, causing high mortality in newborn piglets ( 19 ). Despite extensive efforts in eradication, PR is still a serious threat to the pig industry in China ( 17 , 20 ). It has been listed in the “Mid- and Long-term Animal Disease Prevention and Control Program in China” ( 1 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PRV prevalence in pigs varied in different regions in China. In Henan province, 30.14% (1,419/4,708) of samples collected during 2018–2019 were gE-seropositive ( 17 ), while the serum gE-positive rate was 16.3% (3,067/18,815) in Heilongjiang province from 2013 to 2018 ( 21 ). All data indicate that seroprevalence of variant PRV is still high in China.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, investigation of the PRV prevalence and its genetic variations is beneficial to control this disease. Although the prevalence of PRV has been reported in several provinces or regions of China ( 14 – 17 ), data on PRV epidemiology is unavailable in Hunan province, which is located in Middle-South China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serological Investigation and Genetic Characteristics of Pseudorabies Virus in Hunan Province of China From 2016 to 2020

et al. 2021

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Pseudorabies (PR), caused by variant pseudorabies virus (PRV), is an economically important viral disease in China. Recently, PRV infection in humans has also received attention worldwide. To investigate the PRV infection in Hunan province, China, we collected a total of 18,138 serum specimens from 808 PRV-vaccinated pig farms cross this region during 2016–2020, and we detected the presence of PRV glycoprotein B (gB) and gE-specific antibodies. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results revealed that 80.47% (14,596/18,138, 95 CI 79.9–81.0) and 23.55% (4,271/18,138, 95 CI 22.9–24.2) of serum samples were positive for PRV gB and gE-specific antibodies, respectively. Further analysis indicated that the seroprevalence of wild PRV infection was associated with the season and breeding scale (p < 0.01). In addition, five PRV strains were isolated from PRV-positive samples in Vero cells and the virus titers varied from 106.5 to 107.51 TCID50/0.1 ml. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that one isolate was a classical strain of PRV genotype II, and four other isolates belonged to the variants of genotype II. Collectively, the data indicate that the prevalence of PRV remains high in pigs in Hunan province, and the variant PRV strains are the major genotypes affecting the development of the pig industry.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serological Investigation and Genetic Characteristics of Pseudorabies Virus in Hunan Province of China From 2016 to 2020

et al. 2021

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Homologous recombination technology generated recombinant pseudorabies virus expressing EGFP facilitates to evaluate its susceptibility to different cells and screen antiviral compounds

Tan

Shu

et al. 2022

Research in Veterinary Science

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The 25-kDa linear polyethylenimine exerts specific antiviral activity against pseudorabies virus through interferencing its adsorption via electrostatic interaction

Huan,

Yan,

Yang

et al. 2024

J Virol

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Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is the causative agent of Aujeszky’s disease, which is responsible for enormous economic losses to the global pig industry. Although vaccination has been used to prevent PRV infection, the effectiveness of vaccines has been greatly diminished with the emergence of PRV variants. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop anti-PRV drugs. Polyethylenimine (PEI) is a cationic polymer and has a wide range of antibacterial and antiviral activities. This study found that a low dose of 1 µg/mL of the 25-kDa linear PEI had significantly specific anti-PRV activity, which became more intense with increasing concentrations. Mechanistic studies revealed that the viral adsorption stage was the major target of PEI without affecting viral entry, replication stages, and direct inactivation effects. Subsequently, we found that cationic polymers PEI and Polybrene interfered with the interaction between viral proteins and cell surface receptors through electrostatic interaction to exert the antiviral function. In conclusion, cationic polymers such as PEI can be a category of options for defense against PRV. Understanding the anti-PRV mechanism also deepens host-virus interactions and reveals new drug targets for anti-PRV. IMPORTANCE Polyethylenimine (PEI) is a cationic polymer that plays an essential role in the host immune response against microbial infections. However, the specific mechanisms of PEI in interfering with pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection remain unclear. Here, we found that 25-kDa linear PEI exerted mechanisms of antiviral activity and the target of its antiviral activity was mainly in the viral adsorption stage. Correspondingly, the study demonstrated that PEI interfered with the virus adsorption stage by electrostatic adsorption. In addition, we found that cationic polymers are a promising novel agent for controlling PRV, and its antiviral mechanism may provide a strategy for the development of antiviral drugs.

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Seroprevalence investigation and genetic analysis of pseudorabies virus within pig populations in Henan province of China during 2018–2019

Cited by 15 publications

References 26 publications

Serological Investigation and Genetic Characteristics of Pseudorabies Virus in Hunan Province of China From 2016 to 2020

Serological Investigation and Genetic Characteristics of Pseudorabies Virus in Hunan Province of China From 2016 to 2020

Homologous recombination technology generated recombinant pseudorabies virus expressing EGFP facilitates to evaluate its susceptibility to different cells and screen antiviral compounds

The 25-kDa linear polyethylenimine exerts specific antiviral activity against pseudorabies virus through interferencing its adsorption via electrostatic interaction

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