Seroprevalence, genotypic distribution and potential risk factors of hepatitis <scp>B</scp> and <scp>C</scp> virus infections among adults in <scp>S</scp>iem <scp>R</scp>eap, <scp>C</scp>ambodia

Yamada, Hiroko; Fujimoto, Masakiyo; Svay, Somana; Lim, Olline; Hok, Sirany; Goto, Noboru; Ohisa, Masayuki; Akita, Tomoyuki; Matsuo, Junko; Huy, Son; Katayama, Keiko; Miyakawa, Yuzo; Tanaka, Junko

doi:10.1111/hepr.12367

Cited by 37 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…In some studies, it was also evident that HBV seropositivity increased progressively with age; and this was adduced to increasing exposure to the virus by a significant proportion of the children as they grew older. 30,31,35 More than one-third of our respondents demonstrated the presence of circulating protective antibodies in their sera; however, few of these were as a result of vaccination. A very small proportion of people had been vaccinated in the first place, and some were unsure of their vaccination status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…23,[27][28][29] However in Vilibic's study and a similar study done in Cambodia, sex was not associated with HBV seropositivity. 30,31 Invasive dental procedure done outside the health facility was shown to be a predictor of HBV infection. Main risk factors for both hepatitis C virus and HBV were exposure to dental procedures and surgery in one study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Infection in Nigeria: A National Survey

Olayinka

Oyemakinde

Balogun

et al. 2016

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

102

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Abstract. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection accounts for about 1 million deaths worldwide annually. This study was to determine the prevalence, distribution of HBV, and factors associated with infection in an apparently healthy population in Nigeria. A cross-sectional study among the general population was conducted employing a multistage sampling technique. Data on demographic, social, and behavioral indicators were collected using questionnaires and blood samples tested for HBV seromarkers. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were done. Prevalence of hepatitis B infection was 12.2% (confidence interval [CI] = 10.3-14.5). Of the participants, more than half, 527 (54.6%), had evidence of previous exposure to HBV, while 306 (31.7%) showed no serologic evidence of infection or vaccination. Only 76 (7.9%) participants showed serologic evidence of immunity to HBV through vaccination. Factors associated with testing positive for HBV infection were dental procedure outside the health facility (odds ratios [OR] = 3.4, 95% CI = 1.52-7.70), local circumcision (OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.17-2.57), and uvulectomy (OR = 1.65, 95% = 1.06-2.57). With logistic regression, only dental procedure outside the health facility (adjusted OR = 3.32, 95% CI = 1.38-7.97) remained significant. This first national survey on seroprevalence of hepatitis B describes the epidemiology and high prevalence of HBV infection in Nigeria and highlights the need for improved vaccination against HBV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Infection in Nigeria: A National Survey

Olayinka

Oyemakinde

Balogun

et al. 2016

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

102

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“…For instance, the prevalence of HBsAg was reported to be 4.6% in Siem Reap province, 6.5% in Samlot City (Battambang province), 8% in Takeo province, 8.8% in Pailin City (Pailin province), 9.4% in Banteay Meanchey province, and 10.8% in Cambodian migrant workers from Thailand [17,18,29,30,31]. For HCV infection, the prevalence of anti-HCV was 2.3% among Cambodian migrant workers from Thailand, 5.8% in Siem Reap province, 6.5% in Takeo province, 12.3% in Pailin City, and 17% in Samlot City [15,17,18,29]. These observations could explain the difference between the work of Narin et al [4 ]and our survey.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 13-Year Retrospective Study on Primary Liver Cancer in Cambodia: A Strikingly High Hepatitis C Occurrence among Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cases

et al. 2016

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Objectives: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the main type of primary liver cancer (PLC) worldwide, but cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) may be predominant in some specific regions of Southeast Asia. The aim of the present study was to delineate a pattern of Cambodian PLC patients attending the Calmette Hospital in the Cambodian capital Phnom Penh. Materials and Methods: A total of 553 medical charts diagnosing PLCs from January 2003 to May 2015 were obtained from both the Oncology and Hepato-Gastroenterology Departments of the Calmette Hospital. Results: HCC was the predominant type of PLC recorded, with 511 cases (92.4%), whereas CCA represented merely 7.6% (42 cases) of the overall series. Hepatitis B virus (HBV; 44.3%) and hepatitis C virus (HCV; 43%) infection rates were similar among the HCC patients, while small subsets of CCA patients were infected with HBV (15.4%) or HCV (11.5%). Most HCC (84%) and CCA (73.8%) patients received palliative treatment only. Conclusion: The present study indicates that HCC is the main form of primary hepatic neoplasm among PLC patients attending a hospital in Cambodia. HBV and HCV infections represented equivalent burdens and major contributing factors to HCC. Therefore, the implementation of prevention programs for these infectious agents should become a priority for health policy makers in the country.

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“…The prevalence rates of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HCV‐RNA among Cambodian adults are 4.6–7.7% and 2.3%, respectively . According to Globocan 2012, liver cancer is the most common cause of cancer‐related deaths in Cambodia .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A seroepidemiological survey of the effect of hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B and C virus infections among elementary school students in Siem Reap province, Cambodia

Fujimoto

Chuon

Nagashima

et al. 2017

Hepatology Research

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Aim This study aimed to survey the prevalence and incidence of hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among elementary school students in Siem Reap province, Cambodia and to evaluate the effects of a national infant HBV vaccination program introduced in 2001. Methods Students in 3rd grade during the 2011, 2012, and 2013 academic years were enrolled in this study; at the time of the second examination, in the 2014–2015 academic year, the students were in 5th or 6th grade. The incidence and prevalence rates of HBV and HCV infection were estimated and full HBV sequences were analyzed. Results Among 248 students (107 male and 141 female) born between 1999 and 2005, five students were HBV surface antigen (HBs‐Ag) positive (2.02%), and all of them were infected with genotype C. Among them, subgenotype C1 was found in four students and, unexpectedly, complete genetic sequence identity of subgenotype C1 was found in two students from different families. The anti‐HBV core (HBc) and anti‐HBs prevalence rates were 10.89% and 16.13%, respectively. Twenty‐five students were positive for anti‐HBs and negative for both HBsAg and anti‐HBc (10.08%; estimated serological vaccination rate); this rate increased significantly with the birth year (P = 0.0229). Prevalence of anti‐HCV was 2.82%, and HCV RNA was not detected. The estimated incidence of HBV and HCV infection were both 0/1000 person‐years (PY) (95% confidence interval, 0–20.61/1000 PY and 0–14.50/1000 PY, respectively). Conclusion Hepatitis B virus full‐genome sequencing and serological analysis revealed the possibility of horizontal transmission of HBV among Cambodian schoolchildren. However, the anti‐HBc positivity rate decreased along with increasing age and estimated serological vaccination rates.

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Seroprevalence, genotypic distribution and potential risk factors of hepatitis B and C virus infections among adults in Siem Reap, Cambodia

Cited by 37 publications

References 13 publications

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Infection in Nigeria: A National Survey

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Infection in Nigeria: A National Survey

A 13-Year Retrospective Study on Primary Liver Cancer in Cambodia: A Strikingly High Hepatitis C Occurrence among Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cases

A seroepidemiological survey of the effect of hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B and C virus infections among elementary school students in Siem Reap province, Cambodia

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