Seroprevalence, co-infection and risk of transmission of Hepatitis B and D virus among hospital attendees in two South-western states in Nigeria

Sobajo, Oguntope A; George, Uwem; Osasona, Oluwadamilola Gideon; Eronmon, Philomena; Aborisade, Olamide Y; Ajayi, Oluwafemi David; Folarin, Onikepe A.; Komolafe, Isaac

doi:10.1080/15321819.2022.2141578

Cited by 1 publication

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“…The 410 samples were initially screened by ELISA, of which 51 (12.4%) were positive to HBsAg and 12 (6.6%) were positive to HBeAg. The results of the serological profile are published elsewhere [27]. HBV (HB gene-and/or BCP/CP gene-positive PCR) was detected in 12.4% (n = 51/410) of individuals who were also HbsAg-positive by ELISA.…”

Section: Hb S and Bcp/pc Gene-specific Pcr Amplification Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the time of blood collection, all the study participants were from a cohort of either blood donors, outpatients, or antenatal patients at the hospital's medical outpatients' units of the selected hospitals in Osun and Ekiti states and apparently asymptomatic for liver diseases. The serological profile is based on ELISA testing of this study's cohorts' HBsAg elsewhere [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Immune Escape and Basal Core Promoter/Precore Gene Mutations in Hepatitis B Virus Isolated from Asymptomatic Hospital Attendees in Two Southwestern States in Nigeria

Sobajo,

Oguzie,

Adegboyega

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Several mutations in the surface (S), basal core promoter (BCP), and precore (PC) genes of the hepatitis B virus have been linked to inaccurate diagnosis and the development of immune escape mutants (IEMs) of the infection, which can lead to chronic infection. Understanding the prevalence and spread of these mutations is critical in the global effort to eliminate HBV. Blood samples were collected from 410 people in Osun and Ekiti states, southwest Nigeria, between 2019 and 2021. Participants were drawn from a group of asymptomatic people who were either blood donors, outpatients, or antenatal patients with no record of HBV infection at the medical outpatients’ unit of the hospital. DNA was extracted from plasma using a Qiagen DNEasy kit, followed by nested PCR targeting HBV S and BCP/PC genes. The Sanger sequencing method was used to sequence the positive PCR amplicons, which were further analyzed for IEMs, BCP, and PC mutations. HBV-DNA was detected in 12.4% (51/410) of individuals. After DNA amplification and purification, 47.1% (24) of the S gene and 76.5% (39) of the BCP/PC gene amplicons were successfully sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all the HBV sequences obtained in this study were classified as HBV genotype E. Mutational analysis of the major hydrophilic region (MHR) and a-determinant domain of S gene sequences revealed the presence of three immune escape mutations: two samples harbored a T116N substitution, six samples had heterogenous D144A/N/S/H substitution, and one sample had a G145E substitution, respectively. The BCP/PC region analysis revealed a preponderance of major BCP mutants, with the prevalence of BCP double substitutions ranging from 38.5% (A1762T) to 43.6% (G1764A). Previously reported classical PC mutant variants were observed in high proportion, including G1896A (33.3%) and G1899A (12.8%) mutations. This study confirms the strong presence of HBV genotype E in Nigeria, the ongoing circulation of HBV IEMs, and a high prevalence of BCP/PC mutants in the cohorts. This has implications for diagnosis and vaccine efficacy for efficient management and control of HBV in the country.

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Section: Hb S and Bcp/pc Gene-specific Pcr Amplification Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%