Seroprevalence and risk factors of cysticercosis in two rural communities from northern of Anzoátegui state, Venezuela

Toquero, Manuel; Morocoima, Antonio; Ferrer, Elizabeth

doi:10.7705/biomedica.v37i2.2841

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…In fact, other studies performed in Mozambique, Burkina Faso and Tanzania also found that seropositivity to cysticercal antigens was associated with severe headache [14,15,42,43]. Nevertheless, in other settings such as in Anzoa ´tegui in Venezuela, Vietnam and Nabo Village in Tiandong, China, no statistical association was found between these two variables [44][45][46]. Our findings may reflect the fact that headache may be correlated to the pathogenesis of the disease in this study setting.…”

Section: Cysticercosis Serology and Neuropsychiatric Disorderscontrasting

confidence: 59%

“…To the contrary, in Tanzania [43], females were more likely to be seropositive, while in Burkina Faso and Vietnam this was true for males [29,58]. On the other hand, neither gender nor age presented a statistically significant association with seropositivity to cysticercosis in other studies [30,44,46,60].…”

Section: Risk Factors and Multivariate Logistic Regressionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Furthermore, although there is a fraction of Muslim people amongst our study participants, we did not expect our findings to be affected by the religion, since cysticercosis is acquired mainly through water or food contaminated with T. solium eggs, and consequently anyone can acquire the infection regardless of the consumption of pork meat or professed religion. In some studies, food, water and hygiene related factors were significantly associated with cysticercosis seropositivity, including consumption of undercooked pork [44], and using the same water source [43]; although in other studies, factors such as consumption of raw meat and/or vegetables [30] and hygiene (presence of latrine) [57] were not associated with cysticercosis seropositivity.…”

Section: Risk Factors and Multivariate Logistic Regressionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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The burden of T. solium cysticercosis and selected neuropsychiatric disorders in Mocuba district, Zambézia province, Mozambique

Langa

Padama²,

Nhancupe

et al. 2022

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Background Taenia solium (neuro-)cysticercosis is a neglected tropical disease often associated with epileptic seizures and reportedly with other neuropsychiatric (= neurological and psychiatric) disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the association of the disease with selected neuropsychiatric disorders and/or symptoms (chronic headache, epileptic seizures/epilepsy and psychosis) in Mocuba district, Mozambique. Methodology Between March and May 2018, a cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,086 participants aged 2 years or above in Mocuba district, Zambézia province, central Mozambique to assess the seroprevalence of human cysticercosis and risk factors for infection, as well as to explore its relation to selected neuropsychiatric disorders. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected from each participant using a modified questionnaire designed by the Cysticercosis Working Group for Eastern and Southern Africa. Additionally, neuropsychiatric disorders, such as chronic headache, epileptic seizures/epilepsy and psychosis were assessed using four vignettes. T. solium antigen and cysticercosis IgG in serum were detected using both T. solium antigen B158/B60 enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and LDBIO Cysticercosis Western Blot, respectively. Principal findings Overall, 112/1,086 participants (10.3%) were sero-positive for T. solium antigen or antibodies. Prevalence of antibodies (6.6%; n = 72) was higher than of antigens (4.9%; n = 54). In the questionnaires, 530 (49.5%) of participants reported chronic headache, 293 (27%) had generalized epileptic seizures, 188 (18%) focal seizures and 183 (18.3%) psychosis. We found a statistically significant association between seropositivity for T. solium and chronic headache (p = 0.013). Additionally, increasing age (p = 0.03) was associated with Ag-ELISA seropositivity. Conclusions Our study revealed that in Mocuba, T. solium cysticercosis is prevalent and associated with self-reported chronic headache. Additionally, in the study setting, the seroprevalence of cysticercosis increased with age. However, it is not associated with other neuropsychiatric disorders such epileptic seizures/epilepsy and psychosis. Future studies are needed to confirm the burden of neuropsychiatric disorders and their possible etiology, including neurocysticercosis, with additional serological, molecular biological and radiological diagnostic tools, as well as in-depth clinical examinations.

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Section: Cysticercosis Serology and Neuropsychiatric Disorderscontrasting

confidence: 59%

Section: Risk Factors and Multivariate Logistic Regressionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Risk Factors and Multivariate Logistic Regressionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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The burden of T. solium cysticercosis and selected neuropsychiatric disorders in Mocuba district, Zambézia province, Mozambique

Langa

Padama²,

Nhancupe

et al. 2022

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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“…Cysticercosis is frequent in rural areas since it is associated with breeding of pigs under poor sanitary and environmental conditions, and low educational and socioeconomic level (Villalobos et al, 2007;Toquero, Morocoima & Ferrer, 2017;Maya et al, 2003). These conditions are all evidenced in María La Baja -Bolívar, since the highest educational level achieved by the majority of pig breeders (62%) was up to primary level, and their access to healthcare services was through subsidized regime.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Cysticercus Antibodies in Pigs and Pig Breeders in María La Baja, Colombia

Pinilla¹,

Giraldo²,

Villafañe³

et al. 2018

GJHS

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Cysticercosis is a parasitic infection caused by the larvae of the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium. It is acquired through fecal-oral contamination, and it can affect humans and pigs. In Colombia, this is an endemic infection especially in locations where breeding and commercialization of pigs are performed under poorly hygienic conditions, such as in Maria La Baja, Department of Bolívar. However, seroprevalence of anti-cysticercus antibodies in pigs or pig breeders at these locations has not been determined. Thus, using indirect immunoassays we quantified anti-cysticercus antibodies in serum samples of pigs (n=254) and pig breeders (n=121) in Maria La Baja. Furthermore, a questionnaire was applied in order to determine environmental, cultural, and socioeconomic variables. Anti-cysticercus antibodies were detected in 36.6% (93/254) of pigs and 44.6% (54/121) of pig breeders. A significant causal association was identified for daily cleaning of pigsties and having anti-cysticercus antibodies with an aOR = 15.16 (CI 95%: 2.13 - 107.86; p = 0.0002). No significant associations were identified between the evaluated variables and seroprevalence of anti-cysticercus antibodies in pigs. Our study indicates that there is a high seroprevalence of anti-cysticercus antibodies in humans and pigs in locations where handling of pigs is performed under poor hygienic conditions. Our results suggest that there is a need to design and implement prevention and control strategies in Maria La Baja in order to reduce transmission of this disease.

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Mapping the residual incidence of taeniasis and cysticercosis in Colombia, 2009–2013, using geographical information systems: Implications for public health and travel medicine

Rodríguez‐Morales

Yepes-Echeverri

Acevedo-Mendoza

et al. 2018

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease

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Background In Colombia, taeniasis and cysticercosis have been significantly reduced over the past decades, however still reported with implications for public health and travel medicine. Methods An observational, retrospective study, in which the incidence of taeniasis and cysticercosis (ICD-10 codes B68s/B69s) in Colombia, 2009–2013, was estimated based on data extracted from the Individual Health Records System (Registro Individual de Prestación de Servicios, RIPS) was performed. The Geographic Information System (GIS) generated national maps showing the distribution of taeniasis and cysticercosis by department by year. Results During the period, 3626 cases were reported (median 796/year), for a cumulative crude national rate of 7.7 cases/100,000pop; 58.2% corresponded to male; 57% were < 40 year-old (10.2% < 9.9 year-old). Cases were 57.6% neurocysticercosis, the rest were taeniasis due to T. solium, T. saginata, ocular cysticercosis and cysticerci in other organs. Bolivar, a touristic department, had the highest cumulated incidence rate (16.17 cases/100,000pop), as also evident across the map series developed in this study. Conclusion Despite the limitations of this study, data presented provide recent estimates of national taeniasis and cysticercosis incidence in the country useful in public health and for travel medicine practitioners, as some highly touristic areas presented higher disease incidence. Improved control, particularly of taeniasis, should be an attainable goal, which among other strategies would require improved sanitation and health education to prevent transmission, but also enhanced surveillance.

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Seroprevalence and risk factors of cysticercosis in two rural communities from northern of Anzoátegui state, Venezuela

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

The burden of T. solium cysticercosis and selected neuropsychiatric disorders in Mocuba district, Zambézia province, Mozambique

The burden of T. solium cysticercosis and selected neuropsychiatric disorders in Mocuba district, Zambézia province, Mozambique

Anti-Cysticercus Antibodies in Pigs and Pig Breeders in María La Baja, Colombia

Mapping the residual incidence of taeniasis and cysticercosis in Colombia, 2009–2013, using geographical information systems: Implications for public health and travel medicine

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