Seroprevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B and C viruses among diabetes mellitus patients in Duhok province, Iraqi Kurdistan

Merza, Muayad Aghali

doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1158_19

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The seroprevalence of 3.8% for HBsAg reported in this study is higher than those observed among diabetic patients in Italy (1.63%) [ 31 ], the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (2.13%) [ 32 ], and Ethiopia (3.7%) [ 33 ] but lower than those reported among diabetic patients in China (13.5%) [ 34 ] and Taiwan (13.54%) [ 35 ]. Moreover, the seroprevalence of 12.82% for HBcAb observed in this study is higher than that reported among diabetic patients in the United States (8.2%) [ 36 ] but lower than those reported among diabetic patients in Brazil (16.8%) [ 37 ] and China (62.3%) [ 34 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

Molecular evaluation of hepatitis B virus infection and predominant mutations of pre-core, basal core promoter and S regions in an Iranian population with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case–control study

2022

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Background This study was designed to evaluate the prevalence, genotypic patterns, and predominant mutations of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among diabetic patients. Methods Serum samples were obtained from 733 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 782 non-diabetic controls. The presence of HBsAg and HBcAb was determined by ELISA. Nested PCR, targeting S and pre-core regions of the HBV genome, followed by sequencing was carried out to determine HBV genotypes and predominant mutations in the S, basal core promoter (BCP), and pre-core regions of the HBV genome. Results Of 733 diabetic patients, 94 cases (12.82%) were positive for HBcAb, 28 cases (3.82%) were positive for HBsAg, and 19 cases (2.59%) had HBV-DNA with genotype D, sub-genotype D1/D3 and subtype ayw2. An occult HBV infection was found in one of the HBV DNA-positive samples, which was positive for HBcAb but negative for HBsAg. P120T/G145R, G1896A/G1899A, and A1762T/G1764T were the most frequent point substitution mutations detected in the S, pre-core, and BCP regions of the HBV genome, respectively. P120T and G145R mutations were associated with low levels or undetectable levels of HBsAg in serum. Therefore, routine tests based on HBsAg detection cannot detect HBsAg-negative infected patients. Conclusions Relatively high prevalence of HBV infection was found in diabetic patients, while all of the HBV-infected patients were unaware of their infection. Therefore, screening for HBV infection should be included in the management program of diabetes for timely diagnosis and treatment of infected but asymptomatic patients.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

Molecular evaluation of hepatitis B virus infection and predominant mutations of pre-core, basal core promoter and S regions in an Iranian population with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case–control study

2022

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“…The pathology remains to be further explored, but studies have indicated that altered microbiome caused by HBV affect both lipid and glucose metabolism, thus increasing the severity of the chronic hepatitis infection until non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) develops[ 21 ]. Multiple studies have revealed that parenteral viral hepatitis can affect insulin resistance in the body, thus increasing the severity of hepatitis progression in patients[ 22 ]. Hepatitis infection with comorbid T2D eventually progresses to NAFLD[ 21 , 23 ], hepatic steatosis[ 24 ], hepatocarcinoma, and fibrosis[ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic disorders and hepatitis: Insights from a Mendelian randomization study

Liang,

Liu,

Mao

et al. 2024

World J Gastrointest Surg

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BACKGROUND Hepatitis is a systemic disease that often results in various comorbidities. Meta-bolic disorders, the most common comorbidities in clinical practice, were selected for this study. AIM To investigate the causal relationship between comorbidities and hepatitis trea-tment outcomes. METHODS A total of 23583378 single nucleotide polymorphisms from 1248743 cases and related summaries of genome-wide association studies were obtained from online public databases. A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was performed to investigate causality between exposure [type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), hyperlipidemia, and hypertension] and outcome (chronic hepatitis B or C in-fections). RESULTS The data supported the causal relationship between comorbidities and hepatitis infections, which will affect the severity of hepatitis progression and will also provide a reference for clinical researchers. All three exposures showed a link with progression of both hepatitis B (T2D, P = 0.851; hyperlipidemia, P = 0.596; and hypertension, P = 0.346) and hepatitis C (T2D, P = 0.298; hyperlipidemia, P = 0.141; and hypertension, P = 0.035). CONCLUSION The results of MR support a possible causal relationship between different ex-posures (T2D, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension) and chronic hepatitis progression; however, the potential mechanisms still need to be elucidated.

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“…However, data about the association between the awareness of HbA1c tests and diabetic retinopathy are not available in most countries in spite of increasing the number of diabetic patients every year [8].Recent studies on DR have been published from Al-Nasiriya, Wasit and Kurdistan among diabetic patients [9,10,11]. To the best of our knowledge, no such study has been published on HbA1c test awareness, knowledge, and DR in Basrah, Iraq.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness of HBA1C Test and Its Association with Retinopathy among Diabetic Patents: A Statistical Sudy

Naji¹

2020

basjs

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Diabetic retinopathy refers to vascular disease in the retina of the eye that affects patients diagnosed with diabetes. The HbA1c test is closely related to retinopathy. Therefore, an early HbA1c test may prevent or reduce the retinopathy. In this study a self-administered online questionnaire was distributed in Basrah city among diabetics to assess their awareness of the HbA1c test and its relationship to detect the retinopathy. Out of 353 (208 female, 145 male) diabetics, 179 (50.70%) had poor awareness, 119 (33.71%) had moderate awareness and 55 (15.58%) had good awareness. The total awareness score with a mean ± SD of 5.4 ± 1.2, indicating that the lack of awareness about HbA1c was related to the age (P-value = 0.001), lower level of education (P-value < 0.0001) and to the lack of awareness that the patients received from their health centers (P-value = 0.031).

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Seroprevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B and C viruses among diabetes mellitus patients in Duhok province, Iraqi Kurdistan

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

Molecular evaluation of hepatitis B virus infection and predominant mutations of pre-core, basal core promoter and S regions in an Iranian population with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case–control study

Molecular evaluation of hepatitis B virus infection and predominant mutations of pre-core, basal core promoter and S regions in an Iranian population with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case–control study

Metabolic disorders and hepatitis: Insights from a Mendelian randomization study

Awareness of HBA1C Test and Its Association with Retinopathy among Diabetic Patents: A Statistical Sudy

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