Seroprevalence and risk factors of Brucellosis in small ruminants slaughtered at Debre Ziet and Modjo export abattoirs, Ethiopia

Abstract

Introduction: Brucellosis is a global zoonotic disease and major public and animal health problem in many parts of the world, particularly in places where livestock is a major source of food and income. This cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2012 and May 2013 to determine the seroprevalence and assess potential risk factors of brucellosis in small ruminants in five export abattoirs at Debre Ziet and Modjo, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. Methodology: Serology and questionnaire were the methods used. In this investigation, 853 sera samples of 485 caprines and 368 ovines brought for slaughter were selected randomly. The Rose Bengal plate test and complement fixation test were conducted using sera samples at National Animal Health Diagnostic and Investigation Center (NAHDIC) serology laboratory. Data collection sheets were used to gather information on possible risk factors believed to influence the occurrence of Brucella infection in small ruminants such as age, species, breed, body condition score, and origin of small ruminants. Results: Brucellosis was found in 17 (1.99%) and 15 (1.76%) small ruminants using the Rose Bengal plate test and complement fixation test, respectively. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age and body condition score of the animals were risk factors to Brucella infection (p = 0.008 and p = 0.001, respectively) in small ruminants. Conclusions: Based on this survey, brucellosis is a potential problem in small ruminants in Ethiopia that should be further explored.

Sero-Prevalence of Small Ruminant Brucellosis in Three Selected Districts of Somali Region, Eastern Ethiopia

“…This result is in line with the report of Tsegaye et al [20] which report 1.99% and 1.76% Brucellosis using RBPT and CFT, respectively. Similarly Dabassa et al [21], indicate the respective Brucellosis seroprevalence of 2.34% and 1.56% by RBPT and CFT.…”

Seroepidemiology of Ovine Brucellosis in East and West Shewa Zones of Oromia Regional State, Central Ethiopia

“…In accord with the reports of Ashenafi et al [27], Teshale et al [22], Yesuf et al [28] and Bekele et al [19], there was no significant difference in the seroprevalence of brucellosis between female (3.4%) and male (4.33%) sheep.…”

“…In contrast, lower seroprevalence [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] have been reported previously. Higher seroprevalences have also been reported previously from pastoral areas of Eastern Ethiopia (Afar, Somali and Dire Dawa regions) [9,22]. Recently higher prevalence (22.8%) of caprine brucellosis was reported in pastoralist communities adjacent to Awash National Park, Ethiopia [23].…”

“…Recently higher prevalence (22.8%) of caprine brucellosis was reported in pastoralist communities adjacent to Awash National Park, Ethiopia [23]. The variation in prevalence of ovine brucellosis between the present study and that of the aforementioned studies might be related to variation in management practices and hygiene [9], population density and mixing of herds of different ruminant species [19,24], agroecology and sensitivity of serological tests employed [22,25].…”

Serological, cultural and molecular evidence of Brucella melitensis infection in goats in Al Jabal Al Akhdar, Sultanate of Oman

“…The possible explanation is that older animals could have greater chances of exposure to infected herds or animals (Tsegay et al . ; Ashagrie et al . ).…”