Seroprevalence and risk factors for hepatitis B and C virus infection in Damietta Governorate, Egypt

Edris, Ali Mahmoud Mohammed; Mo, Nour; Oo, Zedan; Ae, Mansour; Aa, Ghandour; Omran, Tarek

doi:10.26719/2014.20.10.605

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Main risk factors for both hepatitis C virus and HBV were exposure to dental procedures and surgery in one study. 32 Although in other studies, 33,34 reuse of razor blades and needle-stick injuries have been documented as risk factors for HBV infection, we did not find this so in our study. In yet another study, risk factors such as unprotected sex, mouth-to-mouth kissing, blood transfusion, public barbing salon clipper cuts, manicure and pedicure cuts, and scarification were not significantly associated with the presence of HBsAg.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 82%

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Infection in Nigeria: A National Survey

Olayinka

Oyemakinde

Balogun

et al. 2016

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

115

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Abstract. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection accounts for about 1 million deaths worldwide annually. This study was to determine the prevalence, distribution of HBV, and factors associated with infection in an apparently healthy population in Nigeria. A cross-sectional study among the general population was conducted employing a multistage sampling technique. Data on demographic, social, and behavioral indicators were collected using questionnaires and blood samples tested for HBV seromarkers. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were done. Prevalence of hepatitis B infection was 12.2% (confidence interval [CI] = 10.3-14.5). Of the participants, more than half, 527 (54.6%), had evidence of previous exposure to HBV, while 306 (31.7%) showed no serologic evidence of infection or vaccination. Only 76 (7.9%) participants showed serologic evidence of immunity to HBV through vaccination. Factors associated with testing positive for HBV infection were dental procedure outside the health facility (odds ratios [OR] = 3.4, 95% CI = 1.52-7.70), local circumcision (OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.17-2.57), and uvulectomy (OR = 1.65, 95% = 1.06-2.57). With logistic regression, only dental procedure outside the health facility (adjusted OR = 3.32, 95% CI = 1.38-7.97) remained significant. This first national survey on seroprevalence of hepatitis B describes the epidemiology and high prevalence of HBV infection in Nigeria and highlights the need for improved vaccination against HBV.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 82%

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Infection in Nigeria: A National Survey

Olayinka

Oyemakinde

Balogun

et al. 2016

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

115

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“…In a study published in 1985, prevalence of HBsAg among residents of two Egyptian provinces was as high as 10.1 % with anti-HBc found in 88 % [37]. More recent data suggests intermediate endemicity levels [38,39], and even low (<2 %) prevalence has been reported among blood donors [40,41]. In Pakistan, the overall prevalence of HBV has been estimated to 4.3 %, though higher prevalence rates were shown in specific sub-populations such as multi-transfused (6.2 %), surgical patients (7.4 %), and IDUs (15 %) [42].…”

Section: Eastern Mediterraneanmentioning

confidence: 91%

Global Epidemiology of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection

Papastergiou

Lombardi

MacDonald

et al. 2015

Curr Hepatology Rep

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Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a top health priority worldwide and a devastating cause of morbidity and mortality accounting for more than 600,000 deaths in 2013. It is mainly transmitted through percutaneous or mucosal contact with infected blood or other body fluids. In high-endemic settings, the commonest route of transmission is from infected mothers to neonates, whereas in areas of low endemicity the infection is mostly acquired during adolescence and early adulthood through high-risk behaviors. More than 350 million are chronically infected with HBV, ranging from <0.5 % in areas of low endemicity to above 8 % in highly-endemic countries, with hyperendemic foci in South-East Asia and Western Pacific Regions. Expansion of national immunization programs with >80 % coverage globally has resulted in a steady decline in the prevalence of HBV. However, there are remaining threats to the successful eradication of HBV worldwide. We review available data on global epidemiology of HBV infection, also focusing on transmission modes by region and specific preventative measures instituted.

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“…Furthermore, a house-hold survey done in Damietta, Egypt, 2014, found that 1.1% of the participants were infected with HBV, 9.3% with HCV, and both infections co-existed in 0.4%. One of the main risk factors for both infections was exposure to dental procedures [11]. In addition, the continuous increase in the number of patients seeking dental clinics should give alarming signs to dentists and Dental Health Care Programs (DHCPs) for better awareness of extra-precautions required while treating the dental patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-infection and infection control in dentistry: Knowledge, attitude and practice of patients attended dental clinics in King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Ibrahim

Alwafi

Sangoof

et al. 2017

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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The objective of the study was to determine the level of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) of patients attended dental clinics at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) regarding cross infections and infection control in dentistry. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 225 patients who attended the dental clinics of KAUH, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 2014. A standardized, confidential, anonymous, interviewing questionnaire was used. Knowledge about dental infections was assessed by 12 MCQs. The attitudes were assessed through answering seven statements on a three- point Likert scale. Patients' self reported practices were also evaluated. Descriptive and inferential statistics were done. Results of the study revealed that 39.5%, 38.7% and 21.8% of the participants obtained poor, fair and satisfactory level of knowledge about infections and infection control in dentistry, respectively. Social media was the commonest source of information about dental infection. Participant's educational level was significantly associated with the level of knowledge about dental infection. Patients had positive attitudes towards infection control in dentistry. Regarding self-reported practice, only few participants would ask dentists about sterilization of dental instruments (9.3%), wearing face mask (13.3%) and gloves (16.4%) if they don't do so. In conclusion, our participants had good attitudes towards infection control in dentistry. However, their knowledge and practice need improvements. Conduction of educational programs is needed through social media, mass media, schools and public places. These programs involve both patients and providers.

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Seroprevalence and risk factors for hepatitis B and C virus infection in Damietta Governorate, Egypt

Cited by 20 publications

References 21 publications

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Infection in Nigeria: A National Survey

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Infection in Nigeria: A National Survey

Global Epidemiology of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection

Cross-infection and infection control in dentistry: Knowledge, attitude and practice of patients attended dental clinics in King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

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