Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Chlamydophila spp. infection in ewes in the northeast of Algeria

Hireche, S.; Bouaziz, Omar; Djenna, Djahida; Boussena, S.; Aimeur, R; Kabouia, R; Bererhi, E. H.

doi:10.1007/s11250-013-0515-z

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This is due to the longer stay in the herd and greater chances of contact with the infectious agent. These findings do not differ from those obtained in Algeria, where a significant increase in prevalence was noted with the increase in age group [5]. Therefore, horizontal transmission is the main form of contamination in a sheep herd [8].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 45%

Risk Factors Associated with Seroprevalence of Chlamydia abortus in Sheep Farms in Ceará, Brazil

Lima

Alves

Pinheiro

et al. 2021

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Chlamydia abortus infections (Chlamydiosis) can cause reproductive problems in sheep, such as abortions and birth defects, leading to farm productivity loss. The symptoms, which are similar to other reproductive diseases, and the microbial pathogenesis make the clinical diagnosis difficult. Chlamydia abortus is a zoonotic pathogen, making it a public health issue because it can infect and induce abortions in humans. This study investigated anti-C. abortus antibody levels and infection risk factors in sheep in the State of Ceará, Brazil.Materials, Methods & Results: Forty-three properties from 10 municipalities in 4 mesoregions in the State of Ceará, Brazil (Sertões, metropolitan Fortaleza, North Ceará and Northwest Ceará) with sheep, goats, cattle, and horses were visited. Five hundred and four serological samples from sheep were collected and tested for anti-C. abortus antibodies using an Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) [IDEXX®, Australia] and all procedures were performed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions at the Clinical Pathology Laboratory of EMBRAPA Goats and Sheep (Sobral, Brazil). Individual questionnaires were completed about sheep breeding practices and to identify possible C. abortus risks. Seropositive results were found in 18.45 % (93/504 individuals) of sheep, and 88.37 % (38/43 properties) of the herds had at least one seropositive animal. The number of seropositive individuals was significantly different between adults and ewes [P < 0.01; Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.510; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.306 - 0.850]. Logistic regression modeling identified a missing health certificate request for newly acquired animals as a chlamydiosis risk factor [P = 0.038; OR = 2.672; 95% CI = 1.058 - 6.749].Discussion: The prevalence of anti-C. abortus antibodies in sheep in the State of Ceara emphasizes the importance of testing and tracking the disease spread among herds; these results were similar to studies in other areas of Brazil. Adult sheep that spend more time on the property may have a higher exposure risk because of increased reproductive activity. Misinformation and technical limitations can influence the proper handling of animals avoiding contagion through the correct use of techniques and recommendations. Disease transmission occurs through the digestive tract and between mother and fetus. Therefore, seropositive (infected) sheep may be related to the breeding system practices, such as allowing contact between sheep and other species on the property (goats, cattle, and horses) during breeding. Acquiring animals from external sources without sufficient health information can increase the transmission risk. Contaminated pastures, water, food, and air also increase transmission risk. The lack of technical and practical knowledge regarding disease prevention and control also contributes to disease transmission, resulting in reproductive losses due to high abortion rates. Chlamydia abortus has zoonotic potential and may infect humans without proper safety information. Therefore, future epidemiological studies are required for a better understanding of the primary risk factors for disease occurrence and spread among herds in the region. Chlamydia abortus infection is present in sheep in Ceará, Brazil. Chlamydiosis information programs should be adopted, sanitary measures implemented, and the epidemiological surveillance of sheep herds strengthened.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 45%

Risk Factors Associated with Seroprevalence of Chlamydia abortus in Sheep Farms in Ceará, Brazil

Lima

Alves

Pinheiro

et al. 2021

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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“…Results of the present study revealed an animallevel seroprevalence to C. abortus of 31% and to C. burnetii of 28% in Sidi Bel Abbes region, Algeria. This figure is higher than that reported from other Algerians regions (Khaled et al, 2016;Hireche et al, 2014; Sera (+) for QF: Sera positive for Q fever ; Sera (+) for CH: sera positives for chlamydial abortion. *Significant difference (P < 0.05) between areas by chi-square test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Seroprevalence of chlamydial abortion and Q fever in ewes aborted in the North-West of Algeria

Abdelkadir¹,

Khatima²,

Khelef³

2017

J. Vet. Med. Anim. Health

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Very little information is available in Algeria on Q fever and chlamydial abortion sheep, two zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii and Chlamydophila abortus and their main reservoirs are domestic ruminants. This study aimed at investigating the seroprevalence of these two diseases in sheep flocks from six Daïra (Telagh, Tanira, Moulay Slissen, Marhoum, Ras Elma and Merine). A serological survey was conducted in 39 flocks with a history of abortions, which were classified by size. A total 180 sera were collected from the aborted ewes. Q fever indirect ELISA kit and C. abortus indirect ELISA kit (ID Screen ® ) kits were used to know the percent prevalence in sheep. The results showed that 28% (N = 50/180) of sheep were seropositive for Q fever and 31% (N = 55/180) of sheep were seropositive for chlamydial abortion. Twenty eight herds (72%) showed at least one seropositive animal for Q fever and 29 herds (74%) showed at least one seropositive animal for chlamydial abortion. Larger herds led to more infected herds of small and medium for Q fever. These results showed that infection with Q fever and chlamydial abortion were common in the study area, therefore encouraging efforts are needed to propose measures to reduce the spread and zoonotic risk.

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“…The most potential risk factors associated with chlamydiosis infection in small ruminants were age, reproductive disorders (stillbirth problem, mortality rate in young lambs, and septicemia in lambs), management system (not using disinfectants, availability of veterinary service, and visit of adjacent farm-workers), and the region (Hireche et al 2014 ; Hireche et al 2016 ; Abdelkadir et al 2017 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abortive diseases and their various associated risk factors in small ruminants in Algeria: a systematic review

Haif¹,

Khelifi-Ouchene

Khelifi

et al. 2021

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Chlamydophila spp. infection in ewes in the northeast of Algeria

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

Risk Factors Associated with Seroprevalence of Chlamydia abortus in Sheep Farms in Ceará, Brazil

Risk Factors Associated with Seroprevalence of Chlamydia abortus in Sheep Farms in Ceará, Brazil

Seroprevalence of chlamydial abortion and Q fever in ewes aborted in the North-West of Algeria

Abortive diseases and their various associated risk factors in small ruminants in Algeria: a systematic review

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