Seroprevalence and infection attack rate of COVID-19 in Indian cities

Fei, Yiming; Xu, Hainan; Zhang, Xingyue; Musa, Salihu S.; Zhao, Shi; He, Daihai

doi:10.1016/j.idm.2022.03.001

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Antibody testing for COVID-19 is a tool that can be used to determine the proportion of a population that has been infected with SARS-CoV-2. Antibody tests identify antibodies for SARS-CoV-2, which, in the prevaccine era, would most likely be caused by infection with the virus [7]. These antibodies are also present in asymptomatic individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among Children Visiting a Tertiary Hospital during the Prevaccination Period, Southwest Region, Saudi Arabia

Asseri

Alsabaani

2022

Vaccines

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Background: In the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic, tests to ascertain whether individuals were infected with SARS-CoV-2 were often unavailable. One method to deal with this issue is to test for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. This study sought to determine the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in children in Saudi Arabia before vaccines were available to them. Methods: This study was conducted among children who visited the tertiary Maternity and Children Hospital in Abha city, Saudi Arabia. Serum samples were screened for SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies using ELISA. The crude and adjusted seroprevalence values among the studied children were calculated. Results: Among the 413 children studied, the ages of enrolled patients ranged from newborn to 12 years, with a median age of three years. We identified 127 (30.7%) seropositive children. IgG was exclusively positive in 43 (10.4%); IgM was exclusively positive in 8 (1.9%), and IgA was exclusively positive in 15 (3.6%) children. Conclusions: This study is the first to estimate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among the pediatric population seeking medical care in southwestern Saudi Arabia. The findings shed light on the dynamics of virus transmission in the community and provide a good reference for future studies. Future research should examine factors related to SARS-CoV-2 infection and seroprevalence among pediatric populations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among Children Visiting a Tertiary Hospital during the Prevaccination Period, Southwest Region, Saudi Arabia

Asseri

Alsabaani

2022

Vaccines

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“…Clinicians may advise their patients to get vaccinated, and they may consider using serological testing that distinguishes between infection- and vaccine-induced immune responses. Because vaccinated individuals acquire good functional immunity but remain potentially infectious and hybrid immunity may confer higher immune protection than vaccine- or infection-induced immunity alone [ 19 , 21 , 63 , 64 , 65 ], serosurveys remain key to assessing the dynamics of antibody waning and vaccine breakthrough infections in the population [ 71 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trajectories of Seroprevalence and Neutralizing Activity of Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in Southern Switzerland between July 2020 and July 2021: An Ongoing, Prospective Population-Based Cohort Study

Amati

Piumatti²,

Franscella

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic continues, and evidence on infection- and vaccine-induced immunity is key. We assessed COVID-19 immunity and the neutralizing antibody response to virus variants across age groups in the Swiss population. Study Design: We conducted a cohort study in representative community-dwelling residents aged five years or older in southern Switzerland (total population 353,343), and we collected blood samples in July 2020 (in adults only, N = 646), November–December 2020 (N = 1457), and June–July 2021 (N = 885). Methods: We used a previously validated Luminex assay to measure antibodies targeting the spike (S) and the nucleocapsid (N) proteins of the virus and a high-throughput cell-free neutralization assay optimized for multiple spike protein variants. We calculated seroprevalence with a Bayesian logistic regression model accounting for the population’s sociodemographic structure and the test performance, and we compared the neutralizing activity between vaccinated and convalescent participants across virus variants. Results: The overall seroprevalence was 7.8% (95% CI: 5.4–10.4) by July 2020 and 20.2% (16.4–24.4) by December 2020. By July 2021, the overall seroprevalence increased substantially to 72.5% (69.1–76.4), with the highest estimates of 95.6% (92.8–97.8) among older adults, who developed up to 10.3 more antibodies via vaccination than after infection compared to 3.7 times more in adults. The neutralizing activity was significantly higher for vaccine-induced than infection-induced antibodies for all virus variants (all p values < 0.037). Conclusions: Vaccination chiefly contributed to the reduction in immunonaive individuals, particularly those in older age groups. Our findings on the greater neutralizing activity of vaccine-induced antibodies than infection-induced antibodies are greatly informative for future vaccination campaigns.

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“…We supplemented this analysis with a search on Medrxiv, Biorxiv, PubMed, SSRN, and Google Scholar, on June 30, 2021 using the key "COVID-19 longitudinal, antibody waning" and on February 15, 2022 using the key "COVID-19 seroreversion". Additional studies were taken from a prior review (30). If a study cited prior publications assessing seroreversion in the same research cohort, we included those prior publications.…”

Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 seroassay sensitivity: a systematic review and modeling study

Owusu‐Boaitey

Russell

Meyerowitz-Katz

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of SARS-CoV-2 serology studies to estimate time-dependent sensitivity for a large set of serological assays. We find that seroreversion depends strongly on the antigen and the analytic technique of the assay. We estimate the average time-varying sensitivity for different types of assays, as defined by their technical characteristics, which can be used to approximate the sensitivity of out-of-sample assays. We find large variability between types of assays, with assays of certain characteristics (nucleocapsid antigen, lateral flow assay) having an average of 20% sensitivity at 6 months, while others (receptor-binding domain antigen, sandwich design) have 98% sensitivity. Importantly, we estimate that almost a third of included assays depart significantly from manufacturer specified sensitivity after 6 months. Our analysis outlines the importance of monitoring the seroreversion of serological tests, and provides a tool for researchers to account for this phenomenon.

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Seroprevalence and infection attack rate of COVID-19 in Indian cities

Cited by 8 publications

References 23 publications

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among Children Visiting a Tertiary Hospital during the Prevaccination Period, Southwest Region, Saudi Arabia

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among Children Visiting a Tertiary Hospital during the Prevaccination Period, Southwest Region, Saudi Arabia

Trajectories of Seroprevalence and Neutralizing Activity of Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in Southern Switzerland between July 2020 and July 2021: An Ongoing, Prospective Population-Based Cohort Study

Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 seroassay sensitivity: a systematic review and modeling study

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