Seroprevalence and factors associated with bovine and swine toxoplasmosis in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso

Abstract

Background and Aim:Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide zoonosis with major public health importance. To know more about this condition in Burkina Faso, this study was implemented to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pigs and cattle in intra-urban and peri-urban area of Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso).Materials and Methods:Serum samples were collected from 600 cattle and 600 pigs with 300 samples from each species in intra-urban and peri-urban area of Bobo-Dioulasso. Data about age, sex, and breed of each animal were also noted. Serum samples were analyzed by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to look for immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M antibodies to T. gondii.Results:This study revealed a herd prevalence of 92.5% and 75%, respectively for porcine and bovine toxoplasmosis. At the individual level, we found a prevalence of 29% and 49.2% for cattle and pigs, respectively. For each species, we noticed a significant association between age, sex, breed husbandry system, and the presence of anti-T. gondii antibodies. The prevalence was significantly higher in female, intra-urban system, exotic breed, and animal <2 years old (p<0.05)Conclusions:The results provided evidence for the presence of T. gondii in pigs and cattle farms around Bobo-Dioulasso. Hence, in Bobo-Dioulasso, raw or undercooked meat consumption is a risk for T. gondii infection for human. Knowledge of the prevalence of toxoplasmosis will help to target prevention efforts.

High level of infection by Toxoplasma gondii in pigs slaughtered in the city of São Luís, Maranhão

“…The results from the statistical analysis showed that there was no significant association in relation to the variable of sex (p ≤ 0.05). This differed from previous results found in Burkina Faso and Nigeria (Africa) and Paraná (Brazil) (Moura et al, 2007;Onyiche & Ademola, 2015;Tialla et al, 2019), where a significant association between sex and the presence of anti-T. gondii antibodies was found, such that females showed significantly higher prevalence. Some authors have claimed that female sex is a risk factor for toxoplasmosis due to hormonal, physiological and management differences (van der Puije et al, 2000).…”

“…In this study, we found that the overall infection rate was 77%, which was higher to the prevalences reported Africa (49.2%), Italy (51.7%) and China (13.8%) (Pipia et al, 2018;Tialla et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2020). In the Brazilian scenario, the detection of antibodies against T. gondii varies widely between different regions.…”

“…In this context, serological surveys are important diagnostic tools for surveillance of pathogens such as T. gondii. They are considered to provide conclusive data for adequate surveillance of toxoplasmosis (Dubey, 2009;Tialla et al, 2019).…”

Prevalence of hepatitis E virus antibodies in cattle in Burkina Faso associated with swine mixed farming

“…The study was carried out within a radius of 25 kilometres around Bobo-Dioulasso (Houet Province, Hauts-Bassins Region), which is the second largest city and economic capital of Burkina Faso. The two-stage random sampling method was used for farm and individual animal selection, as explained before [ 29 ]. Briefly, as no exhaustive lists of farms locations and production orientation were available, a preliminary survey identified 63 cattle farms breading at least 15 cattle heads.…”

Serological Investigation of Bovine Toxoplasmosis in Exotic Breed by Using Commercial and Indigenous ELISA Kits While Validating Cattle Toxo IgG ELISA Kit

“…Toxoplasmosis is a substantial zoonosis caused by heteroxenous obligate intracellular protozoan named Toxoplasma gondii (Tialla et al 2019). It causes toxoplasmosis in warm-blooded vertebrates including mammals, rodents, and birds in all over the world (Foroutan et al 2018).…”