Serology and Immunochemistry

Koenig, R.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-7038-3_5

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 223 publications

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“…On the basis of such observations it has been suggested that unless considerable caution is used in the interpretation of serological data, serology may be a misleading approach for tracing relationships among potyviruses [29,71]. Various explanations have been proposed to account for the complex nature of the serological relationships among potyviruses [30,55]. Use of antisera of widely different titres, different assay techniques and conditions, use of only one or few antisera instead of many bleedings from the same animal and partial proteolytic in situ degradation of the coat proteins are some of the factors suggested to be responsible for the contradictory results in the serology of potyviruses [30,55].…”

Section: Classical Serologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various explanations have been proposed to account for the complex nature of the serological relationships among potyviruses [30,55]. Use of antisera of widely different titres, different assay techniques and conditions, use of only one or few antisera instead of many bleedings from the same animal and partial proteolytic in situ degradation of the coat proteins are some of the factors suggested to be responsible for the contradictory results in the serology of potyviruses [30,55]. However, we believe that the complexity" in serology of potyviruses can only be resolved by a thorough understanding of the variation in coat protein structure within the potyvirus group [82,83,89,90,92,93].…”

Section: Classical Serologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification and classification of potyviruses on the basis of coat protein sequence data and serology

Shukla

Ward

1989

Archives of Virology

180

100

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The identification and classification of potyviruses has been in a very unsatisfactory state due to the large size of the group, the apparent vast variation among the members and the lack satisfactory taxonomic parameters that will distinguish distinct viruses from strains. In the past, use of classical methods, such as host range and symptomatology, cross-protection, morphology of cytoplasmic inclusions and conventional serology, revealed a "continuum" implying that the "species" and "strain" concepts cannot be applied to potyviruses. In contrast nucleic acid and amino acid sequence data of coat proteins has clearly demonstrated that potyviruses can be divided into distinct members and strains. This sequence data in combination with information of the structure of the potyvirus particle has been used to develop simple techniques such as HPLC peptide profiling, serology (using polyclonal antibody probes obtained by cross-adsorption with core protein from trypsin treated particles) and cDNA hybridization. These findings, along with immunochemical analyses of overlapping synthetic peptides have established the molecular basis for potyvirus serology; explained many of the problems associated with the application of conventional serology; and provided a sound basis for the identification and classification of potyviruses. As a result, the virus/strain status of some potyviruses has been redefined, requiring a change in the potyvirus nomenclature. These new developments necessitate a re-evaluation of the earlier literature on symptomatology, cross-protection, cytoplasmic inclusion body morphology and serology.

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Section: Classical Serologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Classical Serologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and classification of potyviruses on the basis of coat protein sequence data and serology

Shukla

Ward

1989

Archives of Virology

180

100

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Potexviruses and Carlaviruses – Short Filamentous Viruses

Martelli¹,

Rubino²

2012

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Potexviruses and carlaviruses are plant‐infecting viruses belonging to the family Aphaflexiviridae and Betaflexiviridae , respectively. Both have slightly flexuous filamentous particles measuring 470–580×13 nm (potexviruses), and 610–700×12–15 nm (carlaviruses). Virions contain 94–95% protein and 5–6% positive sense, single‐stranded ribonucleic acid c . 5800–7000 nucleotides (nt) (potexviruses) and 7900–9000 nt (carlaviruses) in size. Both virus types have a genome with a similar structural organisation, comprising five (potexviruses) or six (carlaviruses) open reading frames, three of which, known as the ‘triple gene block’, encode polypeptides that facilitate virus movement within the host. Natural hosts of both virus types are herbaceous (weeds, ornamentals, vegetables) rather than woody plants. Many potexviruses are agents of severe diseases, whereas a high percentage of carlaviruses induces symptomless infections. Transmission of potexviruses in nature is, by and large, by mechanical contact, whereas carlaviruses are transmitted primarily by aphids with a nonpersistent modality. Key Concepts: Potexviruses and carlaviruses infect primarily herbaceous hosts after mechanical or vector‐driven transmission, respectively. Particles of both genera are filamentous and slightly flexuous and accumulate in aggregates in the cytoplasm of parenchyma cells. Demarcation of species within the genera takes into account molecular and biological criteria. Both genera are characterised by the presence of the so‐called triple gene block that provides the support for virus movement in infected hosts. Potexviruses and carlaviruses constitute models for virus replication, movement and encapsidation studies. Control is based on preventive measures, such as sanitary selection, production of virus‐free seed lots and resistance through conventional breeding and genetic engineering.

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Potexviruses and Carlaviruses – Short Filamentous Viruses

Rubino

2022

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Potexviruses and carlaviruses are plant‐infecting viruses belonging to the family Aphaflexiviridae and Betaflexiviridae , respectively. Both have slightly flexuous filamentous particles measuring 470–580 × 13 nm (potexviruses), and 610–700 × 12–15 nm (carlaviruses). Virions contain 94–95% protein and 5–6% positive sense, single‐stranded ribonucleic acid c . 5800–7000 nucleotides (nt) (potexviruses) and 7900–9000 nt (carlaviruses) in size. Both virus types have a genome with a similar structural organisation, comprising five (potexviruses) or six (carlaviruses) open reading frames, three of which, known as the ‘triple gene block’, encode polypeptides that facilitate virus movement within the host. Natural hosts of both virus types are herbaceous (weeds, ornamentals, vegetables) rather than woody plants. Many potexviruses are agents of severe diseases, whereas a high percentage of carlaviruses induce symptomless infections. Transmission of potexviruses in nature is, by and large, by mechanical contact, whereas carlaviruses are transmitted primarily by aphids with a nonpersistent modality. Key Concepts Potexviruses and carlaviruses infect primarily herbaceous hosts after mechanical or vector‐driven transmission, respectively. Particles of both genera are filamentous and slightly flexuous and accumulate in aggregates in the cytoplasm of parenchyma cells. Demarcation of species within the genera takes into account molecular and biological criteria. Both genera are characterised by the presence of the so‐called triple gene block that provides the support for virus movement in infected hosts. Potexviruses and carlaviruses constitute models for virus replication, movement and encapsidation studies. Control is based on preventive measures, such as sanitary selection, production of virus‐free seed lots and resistance through conventional breeding and genetic engineering.

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Serology and Immunochemistry

Cited by 6 publications

References 223 publications

Identification and classification of potyviruses on the basis of coat protein sequence data and serology

Identification and classification of potyviruses on the basis of coat protein sequence data and serology

Potexviruses and Carlaviruses – Short Filamentous Viruses

Potexviruses and Carlaviruses – Short Filamentous Viruses

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