Serological, virological and molecular diagnosis of an outbreak of lumpy skin disease among cattle in Butana area, Eastern Sudan

Hussien, Mohammed; Osman, Awad G.; Bakri, None Eman O.; Elhassan, Amira M.; Elmahi, Molhima M.; Alfaki, Shima H.; Hussein, Abdel Rahim M. El

doi:10.1002/vms3.726

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The discovery of co-infections in this study supports earlier reports suggesting that PCPV coinfects with other parapoxviruses [40,54]. The morbidity and mortality rates per herd observed in Nigeria LSD outbreaks were similar to those recorded in other LSD outbreaks, such as in Ethiopia (21.2% and 4.5%), Zimbabwe (30.95% and 8.77%), and Sudan (4.1% and 2.4%) [55][56][57]. Moreover, the high morbidity rate observed in Friesian cattle in Nigeria (36.17%) has also been reported by imported Friesian (37.9%) in Sudan and Oman [33,58].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Poxvirus Infections in Dairy Farms and Transhumance Cattle Herds in Nigeria

Omoniwa

Meki

Kudi

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Lumpy Skin disease (LSD) is an economically important disease in cattle caused by the LSD virus (LSDV) of the genus Capripoxvirus, while pseudocowpox (PCP) is a widely distributed zoonotic cattle disease caused by the PCP virus (PCPV) of the genus Parapoxvirus. Though both viral pox infections are reportedly present in Nigeria, similarities in their clinical presentation and limited access to laboratories often lead to misdiagnosis in the field. This study investigated suspected LSD outbreaks in organized and transhumance cattle herds in Nigeria in 2020. A total of 42 scab/skin biopsy samples were collected from 16 outbreaks of suspected LSD in five northern States of Nigeria. The samples were analyzed using a high-resolution multiplex melting (HRM) assay to differentiate poxviruses belonging to Orthopoxvirus, Capripoxvirus, and Parapoxvirus genera. LSDV was characterized using four gene segments, namely the RNA polymerase 30 kDa subunit (RPO30), G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), the extracellular enveloped virus (EEV) glycoprotein and CaPV homolog of the variola virus B22R. Likewise, the partial B2L gene of PCPV was also analyzed. Nineteen samples (45.2%) were positive according to the HRM assay for LSDV, and five (11.9%) were co-infected with LSDV and PCPV. The multiple sequence alignments of the GPCR, EEV, and B22R showed 100% similarity among the Nigerian LSDV samples, unlike the RPO30 phylogeny, which showed two clusters. Some of the Nigerian LSDVs clustered within LSDV SG II were with commonly circulating LSDV field isolates in Africa, the Middle East, and Europe, while the remaining Nigerian LSDVs produced a unique sub-group. The B2L sequences of Nigerian PCPVs were 100% identical and clustered within the PCPV group containing cattle/Reindeer isolates, close to PCPVs from Zambia and Botswana. The results show the diversity of Nigerian LSDV strains. This paper also reports the first documented co-infection of LSDV and PCPV in Nigeria.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Poxvirus Infections in Dairy Farms and Transhumance Cattle Herds in Nigeria

Omoniwa

Meki

Kudi

et al. 2023

Viruses

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“…A skin disease known as 'pseudo urticaria' was initially reported in cattle in 1929 in Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia) [17]. By the 1940s, the disease had spread to other southern African countries, gradually extending its reach northwards.…”

Section: ░ 7 Worldwide Outbreakmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systemic Review of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV) And its Emergence in Pakistan

Muzmmal Khan,

Bin Sajid,

Manan

et al. 2023

MEJAST

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░ 1. BackgroundLumpy skin disease (LSD) is an animal ailment resulting from the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV). LSDV belongs to the Capripoxvirus (CaPV) genus within the Poxiviridae family. This virus is characterized by its stable and large double-stranded DNA structure. Although sharing its genus with other viruses such as goat pox virus (GTPV) and sheep pox virus (SPPV), LSDV is phylogenetically distinct from them [1]. The initial recorded occurrence of LSD dates back to 1929 in Zambia, subsequently spreading across South-Eastern European nations, Sub-Saharan Africa, and various Asian countries. In Asia, the first documented emergence of LSD was reported in Bangladesh, subsequently extending its presence to Nepal,

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“…The disease results in serious losses in animal productivity, abortions and complications during subsequent insemination, infertility of sires, skin damage, body weight reduction, and increased healthcare expenses (Khan et al 2021;Namazi and Tafti 2021;Amin et al 2021). The transmission of the virus from sick to healthy animals primarily occurs through blood-sucking insects (Tuppurainen et al 2017;Khan et al 2022;Hussien et al 2022). Vaccination is the main method of combating the spread of the LSDV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of an In-House ELISA for Detection of Antibodies Against the Lumpy Skin Disease Virus in Vaccinated Cattle

2023

Int J Vet Sci

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Lumpy skin disease (LSD) causes the death and premature culling of animals, resulting in great economic losses in animal husbandry practice. The primary methods for preventing its spread are the vaccination of susceptible livestock and timely and accurate diagnoses. Considering the high risk of LSD virus (LSDV) spread in Kazakhstan, the development of a sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) would be crucial in ensuring the veterinary safety of the country. Thus, in this study, we developed an indirect ELISA based on the P32 antigen of LSDV for the serological diagnosis of cattle and evaluated its effectiveness. In this indirect ELISA, recombinant P32 (rP32) protein was used, which was produced using the DNA of an LSDV isolated from Kazakhstan. The protein was purified using metal affinity chromatography and examined using a mass spectrometer. The optimal concentrations of rP32 for immobilization on the plate were observed to be 0.6 and 0.3µg/mL. The serum dilutions with the lowest background values were 1:400 and 1:200. As a blocking buffer, 3% skimmed milk in phosphate-buffered saline-Tween (pH 7.4) was used. Secondary antibodies were used at a dilution of 1:20,000. In studies using an in-house P32/ELISA, 71% of bovine serum samples that were collected 28d after vaccination tested positive. Overall, the indirect ELISA showed high potential for epizootological monitoring and mass screening of animals vaccinated with a domestic vaccine. However, to obtain more reliable results, continuing this study using a larger number of serum samples from vaccinated cows is necessary.

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Serological, virological and molecular diagnosis of an outbreak of lumpy skin disease among cattle in Butana area, Eastern Sudan

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Poxvirus Infections in Dairy Farms and Transhumance Cattle Herds in Nigeria

Poxvirus Infections in Dairy Farms and Transhumance Cattle Herds in Nigeria

A Systemic Review of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV) And its Emergence in Pakistan

Evaluation of an In-House ELISA for Detection of Antibodies Against the Lumpy Skin Disease Virus in Vaccinated Cattle

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