Serological survey of leptospirosis in livestock in Thailand

Suwancharoen, Duangjai; Chaisakdanugull, Y.; Thanapongtharm, Weerapong; Yoshida, Shigeaki

doi:10.1017/s0950268812002981

Cited by 42 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…However, there was a non-significant difference in the prevalence between cattle and buffalo based on chi-square test. These findings are in line with the study conducted by Suwancharoen et al (2013) who also found bovine species as a significant effector of the disease dynamics. In this study age was associated positively with seroprevalence of leptospirosis.…”

Section: Seroprevalence Of Bovine Leptospirosissupporting

confidence: 92%

Sero-Epidemiology of Bovine Leptospirosis and Associated Risk Factors in a Flood Affected Zone of Pakistan

Ijaz¹

2018

PVJ

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Bovine leptospirosis is an emerging zoonotic disease that compromises farm economy. Keeping in view limited studies on bovine leptospirosis, this project was designed to estimate its sero-prevalence in flood-hit zone of Pakistan, along with its associated risk factors. A total of 385 serum samples were randomly collected from tehsils Rajanpur, Jampur and Rojhan of district Rajanpur with necessary information captured in data form for risk factors analysis. Chi-square test, univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were applied to check association of hypothesized risk factors with disease. The study showed 23.12% of the bovine samples positive for Leptospira antibodies with non-significant difference (P>0.05) between cattle (25.52%) and buffaloes (20.72%). The non-significant difference (P>0.05) of bovine leptospirosis among tehsils of study area presented 26.56, 21.88 and 20.93% in tehsils Jampur, Rajanpur and Rohan, respectively. Chi-square test analysis depicted body temperature and socio-economic status of worker positively associated (P<0.05) with the disease. The univariable analysis based on Mantel Haentzel test and Wald statistics found early age, confined system, fodder type, jaundice status, and socio-economic status of the animal's owner as significant candidates (Odds ratio OR>1) while, multivariable logistic regression showed bovine specie, gender of animal, fodder type, jaundice status, and socio-economic status of the animal's owner as key risk factors for leptospirosis dynamics (Odds Ratio>1). The study concluded that, the flood hit area is having considerable prevalence of bovine leptospirosis and is positively associated with presence or absence of certain animal, management and environmental factors. To Cite This Article: Ijaz M, Farooqi SH, Aqib AI, Bakht P, Ali A, Ghaffar A and Saleem S, 2018. Seroepidemiology of Bovine Leptospirosis and associated risk factors in a Flood Affected Zone of Pakistan. Pak Vet J, 38(2): 179-183. http://dx.

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Section: Seroprevalence Of Bovine Leptospirosissupporting

confidence: 92%

Sero-Epidemiology of Bovine Leptospirosis and Associated Risk Factors in a Flood Affected Zone of Pakistan

Ijaz¹

2018

PVJ

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“…The Australis serogroup was the most frequent in buffaloes, as observed by Viana et al (2009), who evaluated buffaloes from the state of Amazonas, although most serological surveys indicate the Serjoe serogroup as the most prevalent (FAVERO et al, 2002;SUWANCHAROEN et al, 2013;TAGLIABUE et al, 2016). The serogroups Pomona and Canicola were the second and third most frequent, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The frequencies for goats and sheep were 8.3% and 7.9%, respectively. Studies conducted by Tagliabue et al (2016) in Italy, and Suwancharoen et al (2013) in Thailand, reported frequencies similar to the present study (4.7% for sheep and 7.9% for goats), while other authors reported higher results in the same species, such as Aguiar et al (2010), who reported 33.3% positivity in sheep in Rondônia; Salaberry et al (2011), who reported 22.2% positivity in sheep in Minas Gerais; Martins and Lilenbaum (2013), who reported 47.4% positivity in sheep and 14.95% in goats in Rio de Janeiro; Cortizo et al (2015), who reported 50% positivity in both species in Espírito Santo; and Machado et al (2016), who reported 19.5% positivity in sheep in Pernambuco. The discrepancy among results is probably due to the characteristic environmental conditions of each region studied, and the management and control measures adopted for the herds MACHADO et al, 2016).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Seroprevalence and predominant serogroups of Leptospira sp. in serological tests of ruminants in northeastern Brazil

Pimenta

Bezerra

Morais

et al. 2019

SCA

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The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of leptospirosis and the predominant serogroups in serological tests of ruminants performed at the Transmissible Diseases Laboratory of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, northeastern Brazil, between 2010 and 2017. This research included the records of serological tests for leptospirosis from 5594 animals, including 1527 cattle, 1761 goats, 2170 sheep, and 136 buffaloes from four Brazilian states (Paraíba, Pernambuco, Maranhão, and Rio Grande do Norte). Of the 5594 serum samples, 662 were serologically positive, corresponding to a frequency of 11.8%. Serjoe (30.6%), Autumnalis (13.6%), and Icterohaemorrhagiae (11.3%) were the most frequent subgroups among all species. The individual frequencies in cattle, goats, sheep, and buffaloes were 20% (306/1527), 8.3% (147/1761), 7.9% (171/2170), and 27.9% (38/136), respectively, with titers ranging from 1:100 to 1:3200. The most frequent serogroups according to animal species were as follows: Serjoe predominated in cattle (62%), followed by Icterohaemorrhagiae (12.5%) and Tarassovi (6.6%); Autumnalis was the most frequent in goats and sheep (29.4% and 26.9%, respectively), followed by Seramanga (12.5%) in goats and Icterohaemmorrhagiae (13.5%) in sheep; and Australis predominated in buffaloes (39.5%), followed by Pomona (31.6%) and Canicola (21.1%). Leptospira sp. infection, determined by serology, is widespread in ruminants (cattle, goats, sheep, and buffaloes) in northeastern Brazil, suggesting the existence of alternative transmission routes that are less dependent on environmental factors. Identification of the most frequent serogroups highlights the need to improve sanitary conditions, and implement efficient and targeted control measures directed at the primary infection sources.

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“…According to those studies, a seroepidemiological scenario has been stated for different regions, where different serovars were reported for cattle. An enormous variability has been reported regarding the seroreactions in bovine leptospirosis worldwide, with a large predominance (endemicity) of incidental serovars in tropical countries, such as serovar Javanica (India), Mini (Thailand) and Icterohaemorrhagiae (Trinidad) (Natarajaseenivasan et al., ; Suepaul et al., ; Suwancharoen et al., ). Nevertheless, serology presents many limitations, and information generated in those studies may not represent the real epidemiological scenario.…”

Section: Challenges and New Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptospirosis in Cattle: A Challenging Scenario for the Understanding of the Epidemiology

Lilenbaum

Martins

2014

Transbound Emerg Dis

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All over the world, leptospirosis has been reported as one of the major causes of reproductive failure in cattle and other ruminants, determining abortions, stillbirth, weak newborns and decrease in their growth rate and milk production. Nevertheless, despite its importance, it is still a challenging disease, from what scarce information about epidemiology, prophylaxis and control is available nowadays. During the last decades of the last century, many epidemiological studies have been conducted in several countries, mainly based on serology. According to those studies, a seroepidemiological scenario has been stated for different regions, where different serovars were reported for cattle. Nevertheless, a huge problem is that, when efforts are made in order to increase the collection of local strains (isolates), it has been demonstrated that the scenario that emerges from those studies contrasts with those previously determined by serology. Despite the large number of serological studies worldwide, the number of isolates is scarce. Isolation technique is a very delicate procedure that needs no contamination, fast processing and long delay to produce a positive result, what may corroborate to the lack of information for the comparison between serology versus bacteriological data, mainly in developing countries. It is noteworthy that the epidemiological scenario now acknowledged may not represent what really occurs in many parts of the world, particularly on those tropical regions where the disease is endemic. Consequently, the current knowledge about epidemiology and control, as well as the available diagnostic tools and the commercial vaccines, may not be adequate for those regions, what leads to a frustrating scenario of endemicity and difficulties on the control of the disease. Without a huge effort in the culturing of local strains, besides the advances on molecular typing, leptospirosis will not be defeated and will probably remain endemic in the developing countries, leading to important economic hazards in animal production and risks to public health in those regions.

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Serological survey of leptospirosis in livestock in Thailand

Cited by 42 publications

References 21 publications

Sero-Epidemiology of Bovine Leptospirosis and Associated Risk Factors in a Flood Affected Zone of Pakistan

Sero-Epidemiology of Bovine Leptospirosis and Associated Risk Factors in a Flood Affected Zone of Pakistan

Seroprevalence and predominant serogroups of Leptospira sp. in serological tests of ruminants in northeastern Brazil

Leptospirosis in Cattle: A Challenging Scenario for the Understanding of the Epidemiology

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