Serological Study of Toxoplasmosis Prevalence1

Feldman, Harry A.; Miller, Louise T.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a119845

Cited by 76 publications

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“…However, it is acknowledged that the seroprevalence increases with age as shown in data from various countries (Dubey and Beattie, 1988). In North America an upsurge of prevalence was noted during adolescent ages, and in Central and South America there was a steady rise in prevalence during childhood (Feldman and Miller, 1956;Fleck, 1969). In this study, a higher seroprevalence was observed among 7-10 year-old children than in younger children.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 41%

Toxoplasma gondii antibody titers in sera of children admitted to the Seoul National University Children's Hospital

et al. 1999

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A total of 542 children under 10 years of age, admitted to the Seoul National University Children's Hospital, was examined for antibody titers of Toxoplasma gondii using indirect latex agglutination (ILA) test. Among them, 7.7% showed positive titers higher than 1:32, without significant difference between males (7.3%) and females (8.5%). The seropositive rate increased with age although the statistical significance was negligible (0.05

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 41%

Toxoplasma gondii antibody titers in sera of children admitted to the Seoul National University Children's Hospital

et al. 1999

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“…It is present almost worldwide and is of medical and veterinary importance because it can cause miscarriages and birth defects in intermediate hosts (TENTER et al, 2000). Feldman and Miller (1956) were the first to report toxoplasmosis in goats, examining livestock in New York State. From then on, the disease has been identified as a major cause of reproductive problems in sheep and goats in many countries (SKJERVE et al, 1998;BORDE et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasma gondii in goats from Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil: risks factors and epidemiology

Garcia

Sotomaior

Nascimento

et al. 2012

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii, a protozoan with wide geographical distribution and minimal parasitic specificity that affects many species of wild and domestic animals. In livestock, especially in small ruminants like goats, toxoplasmosis can cause abortion and the birth of weak animals, leading to economic losses to farmers, and is a major source of human infection. This is a seroepidemiological study of toxoplasmosis in goats in the state of Paraná, Brazil. Sera from 405 goats from the metropolitan mesoregion of Curitiba, eastern state, were tested by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT). Information on properties and goat characteristics was also collected using questionnaires. The prevalence of toxoplasmosis was 39.41 and 35.96% by ELISA and IFAT, respectively. T. gondii antibody prevalence increased with age. The risk factors for T. gondii infection in goats were: age over one year; exposure to cats, type of management and purpose of breeding. Other epidemiological factors and relevant control measures are discussed in the current study.Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii, seroepidemiology, risk factors. ResumoA toxoplasmose é uma zoonose causada pelo Toxoplasma gondii, um protozoário com vasta distribuição geográfica e pouca especificidade parasitária, que pode afetar muitas espécies de animais selvagens e domésticos. Em animais de produção, especialmente pequenos ruminantes, como caprinos, pode provocar abortos e nascimento de crias fracas, causando perdas econômicas para os criadores, além de ser uma importante fonte de infecção humana. Este é um estudo soroepidemiológico para toxoplasmose caprina no Estado do Paraná. Soros de 405 caprinos da mesorregião metropolitana de Curitiba, no leste paranaense foram avaliados pelas técnicas de imunoensaio enzimático (ELISA) e reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI), além da avaliação de questionários com dados das propriedades e animais estudados. A prevalência encontrada foi de 39,41 e 35,96% para as técnicas ELISA e RIFI, respectivamente. A prevalência de anticorpos anti-T. gondii aumenta com a idade dos animais. Os fatores de risco para infecção por T. gondii em caprinos encontrados neste estudo são: idade acima de um ano, presença de gatos, tipo de manejo e propósito da criação. Outros fatores epidemiológicos e medidas de controle são discutidos no presente trabalho.Palavras chave: Toxoplasma gondii, soroepidemiologia, fatores de risco.

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“…An incidence as low as this has never previously been reported in a large tropical city and only rarely in other environments. Feldman & Miller (1956) reported an incidence of 6 % in Navajo Indians and 11 % in Icelanders, and toxoplasmin skin tests were all negative in 183 persons living round two Egyptian oases (Rifaat et al 1965). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Findings in Europe and the Americas generally range from 17 % in Portland, Oregon (Feldman & Miller, 1956) to 84 % in France (Desmonts, Couvreur & Ben Rachid, 1965). The only exception we have found to this is an incidence of 0 8 % in 478 blood donors in Cracow, Poland (Starzyk, 1959).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasma antibodies in sera from Hong Kong

Ludlam¹,

Wong

Field

1969

Epidemiol. Infect.

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Before carrying out the Sabin-Feldman dye-test on the sera of children in Hong Kong suspected of toxoplasmosis, sera from a number of the population were tested to determine the incidence of toxoplasma antibodies and thus to help in estimating the significance of positive results obtained in suspected cases. Surveys on the incidence of toxoplasma antibodies have been reported from many parts of the world but we think our results have proved sufficiently unusual and unexpected to justify publishing them here. METHODSAs it was obviously impracticable to test a true random sample of the Hong Kong population, sera from the following groups were tested for toxoplasma antibodies: 32 adult females (30 antenatal and two others), 35 male patients suffering from various complaints and aged 20-48 years, 46 men working as butchers or slaughterers, and nine children aged 1 week to 17 years mainly suspected of toxoplasmosis. Sera from 31 pigs, imported from China and slaughtered in Hong Kong, were also tested.The sera were despatched in the frozen state and received still frozen at the Leeds Public Health Laboratory where they were maintained at -20°C. until tested. They were examined by the Sabin-Feldman dye-test by the technique routinely employed in the laboratory. Table 1 shows the results obtained. Out of a total of 113 adult human sera tested only seven were positive (6 2 %). The titres obtained with the seven positive human sera were all low, five positive at 1/8 and two at 1/32. The 22 positive pig sera included six with titres of 1/512 to 1/8192. Sera from nine children of all ages mainly suspected of toxoplasmosis were all negative. RESULTS DISCUSSIONAt the onset of this investigation 30 antenatal sera from Hong Kong were tested and all gave negative dye-tests. In Britain the incidence of toxoplasma antibodies is such that one would have expected about 10 positive results in 30 antenatal

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Serological Study of Toxoplasmosis Prevalence1

Cited by 76 publications

References 0 publications

Toxoplasma gondii antibody titers in sera of children admitted to the Seoul National University Children's Hospital

Toxoplasma gondii antibody titers in sera of children admitted to the Seoul National University Children's Hospital

Toxoplasma gondii in goats from Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil: risks factors and epidemiology

Toxoplasma antibodies in sera from Hong Kong

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