Serological responses to three doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in inflammatory bowel disease

Systemic and T cell‐associated responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 immunisation in gut inflammation (STAR SIGN study): effects of biologics on vaccination efficacy of the third dose of mRNA vaccines against SARS‐CoV‐2

“…First, we demonstrated that anti‐TNF treatment attenuates the anti‐spike IgG concentration following third dose vaccination, compared to treatment with non‐anti‐TNF biologics and healthy controls, respectively (Figure 2A,B). These observations are in line with findings from CLARITY‐IBD, VIP, PREVENT‐COVID, HERCULES and Wagner et al, while the STOP COVID‐19 in IBD study could not find reduced antibody concentrations in anti‐TNF‐treated IBD patients when comparing them to IBD patients without immunosuppressive treatment 24–26,28–30 . Importantly, it must be noted that the reduced antibody responses found in this study, might at least partially be influenced by already reduced antibody concentrations in anti‐TNF‐treated patients after two vaccine doses as shown before 10–12,31–37 …”

COVID-19 vaccine-induced antibody and T-cell responses in immunosuppressed patients with inflammatory bowel disease after the third vaccine dose (VIP): a multicentre, prospective, case-control study

“…These findings are compatible with observations after the third vaccine dose in the CLARITY-IBD, 28 PREVENT-COVID, 29 and HERCULES studies, 30 but contrast with a recent Canadian study in which anti-TNF therapy was not associated with a significant reduction in anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody titre following three doses of vaccine. 11 Notably, the Canadian study enrolled 16 non-immunosuppressed patients with a diagnosis of IBD rather than healthy controls as a reference group. 11 Despite the relative reduction in antibody binding seen in patients treated with anti-TNF, our results are better than those seen in some other immunosuppressed groups, such as recipients of solid organ transplants, a substantial minority of whom do not mount any detectable response to a third vaccine dose.…”

“…11 Notably, the Canadian study enrolled 16 non-immunosuppressed patients with a diagnosis of IBD rather than healthy controls as a reference group. 11 Despite the relative reduction in antibody binding seen in patients treated with anti-TNF, our results are better than those seen in some other immunosuppressed groups, such as recipients of solid organ transplants, a substantial minority of whom do not mount any detectable response to a third vaccine dose. 31 Reassuringly for recipients of infliximab, our results also showed that T-cell responses following three doses of vaccine were not reduced relative to the healthy control group.…”

“…10 Data about immunity following third vaccine doses in patients with IBD are limited, and interpretation is problematic due to a lack of healthy control participants or data about cellmediated immunity. 11 We have shown that a two-dose schedule of mRNA vaccine is associated with higher anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody binding than two doses of adenovirus vector vaccine in the immunosuppressed population with IBD. 5 Although in North America homologous mRNA vaccine schedules have been used almost exclusively, in the UK and worldwide, heterologous vaccination schedules (eg, two doses of adenovirus vaccine followed by one dose of mRNA vaccine) have been used.…”

Serological responses to the first four doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

“…STOP COVID-19 in IBD is a prospective, observational cohort study of adults with IBD who have been vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. 2 Serum samples were assessed for immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 (anti-S) with the Abbott Architect SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant assay. Serum samples were taken for assessment of anti-S antibodies after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in multiple groups based on availability of serum samples.…”