Serological response to the BNT162b2 mRNA or ChAdOx1 nCoV‐19 COVID‐19 vaccine after first and second doses in patients with plasma cell disorders: influence of host and disease factors

Abstract

This real-world analysis of opportunistic testing in patients with PCDs reports a 67% seropositive response rate after the first dose, 3 rising to 89% after the second dose despite extended dosing in our present cohort. Response rates and median titres remained lower than in healthy adults. 1,5 Nearly two-thirds of those seronegative after the first dose Correspondence e22

Effectiveness, immunogenicity, and safety of COVID-19 vaccines for individuals with hematological malignancies: a systematic review

“…Five studies (429 participants with HM) compared IgG antibody responses for different vaccine types. Four studies compared BNT162b2 with mRNA-123 [ 30 , 37 – 39 ] and one study BNT162b2 with ChAdox-nCoV-19 [ 40 ]. Confidence intervals were widely overlapping for all but one study that compared BNT162b2 with mRNA-123 (27% (95% CI 15–40) vs. 62% (95% CI 49–76)).…”

COVID-19 vaccines in patients with cancer: immunogenicity, efficacy and safety

“…Patients with haematological malignancies Lymphoproliferative disorders (especially non-Hodgkin lymphoma) compared to myeloid malignancies 145 Active disease 119 , 122 , 125 , 225 Advanced age 122 , 131 , 226 – 228 Male sex 131 , 226 , 228 Immunoparesis (immunoglobulin deficiency or lymphopenia) 122 , 134 , 225 , 226 , 229 – 231 …”

“…Relevant reduction in antibody response possible (<50% of patients, probably dependent on dosing) Chemotherapy b, 99 , 100 , 105 , 106 , 121 , 154 , 224 , 231 , 246 Steroids 122 , 124 , 125 , 131 , 160 , 228 CDK4/6 inhibitors associated with lower binding antibody levels (not a risk factor in ref. 247 , a risk factor in ref.…”

“…Most studies investigating COVID-19 vaccination in patients with cancer only assessed the presence of spike-reactive or RBD-reactive antibodies, although some have additionally performed neutralizing assays, including against VOCs 65,66,99-102 . T cell responses have 124 • Advanced age 65,99,103,127,224 • Male sex 99,103 Patients with haematological malignancies • Lymphoproliferative disorders (especially non-Hodgkin lymphoma) compared to myeloid malignancies 145 • Active disease 119,122,125,225 • Advanced age 122,131,[226][227][228] • Male sex 131,226,228 • Immunoparesis (immunoglobulin deficiency or lymphopenia) 122,134,225,226,[229][230][231] Plasma cell disorders • Higher number of prior lines of therapy (more than four) 122,225,228 allogeneic stem cell transplantation • Advanced age 232,233 • Active graft-versus-host disease 160,232,234,235 • Lymphopenia 160,[236][237][238] www.nature.com/nrclinonc 0123456789();:…”

“…Relevant reduction in antibody response likely (>50% of patients, most prominent in patients currently undergoing therapy) • B cell depletion with monoclonal antibodies a , BTK inhibitors or BCL inhibitors 69,100,109,125,129,131,134,145,226,227,229,231,[239][240][241][242][243][244] • BCMA-targeted therapies 133,163,230,239 • CD38-targeted therapies 133,163,230,239,244,245 • JAK inhibitors 69,231 Relevant reduction in antibody response possible (<50% of patients, probably dependent on dosing) • Chemotherapy b, 99,100,105,106,121,154,224,231,246 • Steroids 122,124,125,131,160,228 • CDK4/6 inhibitors associated with lower binding antibody levels (not a risk factor in ref. 247 , a risk factor in ref.…”