Serological response to mRNA SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine in kidney transplant recipients depends on prior exposure to SARS-CoV-2

Predictors of Humoral Response to mRNA COVID19 Vaccines in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Longitudinal Study—The COViNEPH Project

“…The data presented by Firket et al, and confirmed recently by our team (unpublished data), shows that natural exposure to the virus seems to be a stronger stimulus than vaccination in terms of the formation of immunological memory, and the production of antibodies upon repeated contact with the antigen (reaction to the vaccination) [19]. The difference in the immune response, as compared to natural infection, may be explained by the antigenic stimuli provided by the whole SARS-CoV-2-in comparison to the spike-protein of only vaccine.…”

“…The strength of our study is also the use of a highly sensitive test using the S-trimer antigen demonstrating almost 100% compliance with neutralization tests, and the exclusion of patients who have been infected with SARS-CoV-2. Thanks to the determination of anti-N antibodies before the first and second vaccination, we excluded all subjects who could have asymptomatically suffered from COVID-19, which has a significant impact on the immunogenicity of vaccines [19,30].…”

Immunological and clinical efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised populations: a systematic review

“…Forty-seven studies described immunogenicity across various solid organ transplant populations ( n = 5974), mostly in kidney transplant recipients ( n = 3534, 59.2%) ( Table S5 ) [ 18 , [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] , [26] , 29 , 34 , 40 , [56] , [57] , [58] ], [ 62 , 63 , 65 , 66 , 69 , 72 , 73 , 75 , 77 , 79 , 81 , 120 , 126 ], [ [136] , [137] , [138] , [139] , [140] , [141] , [142] , [143] , [144] , [145] , [146] , [147] , [148] , [149] , [150] , [151] , [152] , [153] , [154] , [155] , [156] , [157] , [158] , [159] , [160] ]. Twenty-four of those studies included a control group representing overall 1399 participants [ 21 , 34 , 57 , 63 , 66 , 69 , 72 , 73 , 75 , 79 , ...…”

“…Twenty-four of those studies included a control group representing overall 1399 participants [ 21 , 34 , 57 , 63 , 66 , 69 , 72 , 73 , 75 , 79 , 120 , 126 , [142] , [143] , [144] , [145] , [146] , 148 , 149 , 151 , 152 , [154] , [155] , [156] ], among whom only 12 did not mount a post-vaccine antibody immunity [ 21 , 69 , 145 , 155 ]. Non-responder rates ranged from 18% to 100% [ 40 , 149 , 152 ] ( Fig. 4 ): 35–98% in kidney transplant recipients, 19–63% in liver transplant recipients, 25–88% in heart transplant recipients and 59–100% in lung transplant recipients (for studies with subgroup size n ≥ 10) ( Fig.…”

Safety and efficacy of the mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in five groups of immunocompromised patients and healthy controls in a prospective open-label clinical trial

“…The safety profile could be different due to elicitation of immune activation phenomena such as rejection of organ grafts or induction of graft-vs-host disease (GvHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Emerging reports from cohort studies have also indicated poor antibody responses after COVID-19 vaccination in some immunocompromised patient groups [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] . The aim of this clinical trial was to investigate safety and efficacy defined as the rate of seroconversion after two doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in five selected groups of immunocompromised patients compared to healthy controls.…”