Serological relationships between serotype-III Streptococcus sanguis and Lancefield group-H Streptococci

Akada, H.; Asakawa, H.; Kïtamura, Kazuo; Okahashi, Nobuo; Koga, T.; Hamada, Shigeyuki

doi:10.1099/00222615-23-4-321

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…28 The antigen of S. sanguinis is composed of glucose, rhamnose, and N-acetylglucosamine, 29 whereas that of S. gordonii is composed of glucose, galactose, rhamnose, hexosamine, and some phosphorus. 30 In contrast to capsular polysaccharides of S. pneumoniae, the pathogenic role of polysaccharide antigens in oral mitis group streptococci remains unknown.…”

Section: Cell Surface Components: Polysaccharides and Teichoic Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The antigen of S. oralis is a polysaccharide composed of glucose, galactose, rhamnose, and N ‐acetylgalactosamine, with N ‐acetylgalactosamine as the major antigenic determinant 28 . The antigen of S. sanguinis is composed of glucose, rhamnose, and N ‐acetylglucosamine, 29 whereas that of S. gordonii is composed of glucose, galactose, rhamnose, hexosamine, and some phosphorus 30 . In contrast to capsular polysaccharides of S. pneumoniae , the pathogenic role of polysaccharide antigens in oral mitis group streptococci remains unknown.…”

Section: Cell Surface Components: Polysaccharides and Teichoic Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral mitis group streptococci: A silent majority in our oral cavity

Okahashi

Nakata

Kuwata

et al. 2022

Microbiology and Immunology

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Members of the oral mitis group streptococci including Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Streptococcus gordonii are the most abundant inhabitants of human oral cavity and dental plaque, and have been implicated in infectious complications such as bacteremia and infective endocarditis. Oral mitis group streptococci are genetically close to Streptococcus pneumoniae; however, they do not produce cytolysin (pneumolysin), which is a key virulence factor of S. pneumoniae. Similar to S. pneumoniae, oral mitis group streptococci possess several cell surface proteins that bind to the cell surface components of host mammalian cells. S. sanguinis expresses long filamentous pili that bind to the matrix proteins of host cells. The cell wall–anchored nuclease of S. sanguinis contributes to the evasion of the neutrophil extracellular trap by digesting its web‐like extracellular DNA. Oral mitis group streptococci produce glucosyltransferases, which synthesize glucan (glucose polymer) from sucrose of dietary origin. Neuraminidase (NA) is a virulent factor in oral mitis group streptococci. Influenza type A virus (IAV) relies on viral NA activity to release progeny viruses from infected cells and spread the infection, and NA‐producing oral streptococci elevate the risk of IAV infection. Moreover, oral mitis group streptococci produce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a by‐product of sugar metabolism. Although the concentrations of streptococcal H2O2 are low (1–2 mM), they play important roles in bacterial competition in the oral cavity and evasion of phagocytosis by host macrophages and neutrophils. In this review, we intended to describe the diverse pathogenicity of oral mitis group streptococci.

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Section: Cell Surface Components: Polysaccharides and Teichoic Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%