Serological Prevalence of Ovine and Caprine Brucellosis in Bangladesh

Abstract

Brucellosis is considered to be the most widespread zoonosis throughout the world. It has a serious implication on human health as well as on the economic development in a developing country like Bangladesh. The objective of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence and to delineate the risk factors for Brucella seropositivity in small ruminants in Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. In the present study, serum samples were collected from a total of 2456 small ruminants (1710 goat and 746 sheep) from 13 upazilla of Mymensingh district. The data related to age, sex and location were also collected using a questionnaire. Serum samples were screened using Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Seroprevalence of brucellosis was 9.53% in goats and 9.92% in sheep on RBT test. In goat, the highest Brucella antibody was observed in Mymensingh sadar upazilla (13%) followed by Dhobaura upazilla (12.9%). On the other hand, highest ovine Brucella antibody observed in Haluaghat upazilla (13.04%) followed by Mymensingh sadar (12.5%). The prevalence was more in adults (55.2% in goats and 57% in sheep) than young (8.6% in goat and 8.1% in sheep) and more in female goats (41.1%) and sheep (39.2%) than male goats (14.1%) and sheep (18%). ELISA test showed 33.70% (31 out of 92 RBT positive samples) positive reaction of total RBT positive reactors. The result of this study can be useful to initiate and establish a program for controlling and prevention through test and slaughter, culling of infected animal from flock and vaccination.

Spatial sero‐prevalence of brucellosis in small ruminants of India: Nationwide cross‐sectional study for the year 2017–2018

“…The migration of animals through porous borders from neighbouring countries is reported (Annual report, 2018(Annual report, -2019. Prevalence of 9.80% small ruminant brucellosis from Pakistan (Arshad et al, 2011) and 9.53% from Bangladesh (Shafy et al, 2016) indicate other probable route/s of disease transmission through migration of animals via porous border into the country. Hence, policy for preventing the entry of the animals, strengthening quarantine measures and testing at the borders will help to prevent the disease incursion into the country.…”

Investigation of Bovine, Caprine and Ovine Brucellosis in North Bahri, Sudan

“…Higher prevalence of bovine brucellosis (10%) was reported by [25] in Lebanon. Lower prevalence of caprine brucellosis (9.53%) by using RBPT, was reported by [26] in Bangladesh. They also reported higher percentage of ovine brucellosis (9.92%).…”

Seroprevalence Rate of Brucellosis in Sheep at Aljouf Region, Saudi Arabia

“…Difference in seroprevalence according to city might be related to the number of animals related to the grazing The antibodies detected in males were higher than in females. Shafy et al (2016) recorded that the prevalence among females (39.2%) is higher than males (18%), it may be linked to the interaction of other risk factors that might af prevalence of the antibodies among sheep and it need further investigation. Age wise percentage with Shafy et al (2016) who reported that the percentage in adults (57%) was higher than in young animals (8.1%), lowered incidence among animals may be owed to the immunization acquired by maternal immunoglobulins.…”

“…Shafy et al (2016) recorded that the prevalence among females (39.2%) is higher than males (18%), it may be linked to the interaction of other risk factors that might af prevalence of the antibodies among sheep and it need further investigation. Age wise percentage with Shafy et al (2016) who reported that the percentage in adults (57%) was higher than in young animals (8.1%), lowered incidence among animals may be owed to the immunization acquired by maternal immunoglobulins. Previous literature that with exception of age, no other factors had an effect on the percentage of brucellosis in sheep, neither for RBPT-nor for SAT-seroposit (Abdallah et al, 2015).…”

“…But it contrasts with that reported by Ebid et al (2020), who described that female were more susceptible than males. So, female might have act as reservoir for brucellosis (Shafy et al, 2016). Contrary may be due to the number of the sex tested in each investigation (Ebid et al, 2020).…”