Serological, Immunochemical and Immuoncytological Properties of Granulocyte Antibodies

Abstract

The immunochemical characteristics of granulocyte allo- and autoantibodies can easily be studied with indirect immunofluorescence techniques. The correlation of these properties with the serological behavior of the antibodies and the clinical condition in which they were found was studied. The investigations included the determination of immunoglobulin class, subclass, light-chain composition, as well as optimal temperature of activity. Complement fixation in vitro was also investigated. Striking differences were found between IgG and IgM antibodies in their serological properties, especially in the granulocytotoxicity and leukoagglutination tests at different temperatures. Differences in light-chain and IgG subclass compositions of the antibodies did not seem to play a role. In studying the distribution of granulocyte-specific antigens on normal granulocytes and granulocytes in all stages of development, it was found that, while NA1, NA2 and ND1 are present in the same quantity on the cells of an individual, the NB1 antigen is unequally distributed, both over ripe granulocytes and granulocyte precursors.

NA1/NA2 Antisera Inhibit FcγRI- but Not FcγRII- Mediated Phagocytosis

“…This is in contrast to previous experiments which have shown that mouse mAbs specific for FcγRIII clearly inhibit the FcγRIIa-specific phagocytosis [6]. This is noteworthy as NA-specific alloantibodies are usually of the huIgG1 and huIgG3 isotype [15], both of which are bound by FcγRI and II.…”

Serological and clinical aspects of granulocyte antibodies leading to alloimmune neonatal neutropenia

“…One of our sera is thought to contain such an antibody because it reacts with all the neutrophils tested so far except for the neutrophils of the donor typed NA 'Null'. As 28% of the antibodies probably did not activate complement, many IgG antibodies are not detectable by the GCT (Verheugt et al, 1978). Therefore, GCT should only be used for screening in conjunction with other tests.…”

Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI): Current concepts and misconceptions

“…These methods detect antibodies to both HNA and HLA class I, and possibly HLA class II, although further work is needed (119;121-123); moreover if antibodies to HNA-3a are suspected GAT is required (120). GAT provides the best indication as their physiologic relevance because it demonstrates direct antibody agglutination which is the results of PMN chemotaxis and homotypic PMN:PMN interactions, distinct from passive IgM cross-liking (124;125). The combination of GAT and GIFT applied to panels of phenotyped PMNs enable identification of HNA antibody specificity.…”