Serological identification of SARS-CoV-2 infections among children visiting a hospital during the initial Seattle outbreak

Dingens, Adam S.; Crawford, Katharine H.D.; Adler, Amanda; Steele, Sarah; Lacombe, Kirsten; Eguia, Rachel; Amanat, Fatima; Walls, Alexandra C.; Wolf, Caitlin R; Murphy, Michael; Pettie, Deleah; Carter, Lauren; Qin, Xuan; King, Neil P.; Veesler, David; Krammer, Florian; Dickerson, Jane A.; Chu, Helen Y.; Englund, Janet A.; Bloom, Jesse D

doi:10.1038/s41467-020-18178-1

Cited by 67 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…One study has shown that children are less likely to develop symptomatic infection, with the probability of having clinically meaningful COVID-19 dropping from approximately 70% in older adults to approximately 20% in children [ 17 ]. Furthermore, in a study of 1775 residual samples collected in 1076 children requesting medical attention at Seattle Children's Hospital, a seroprevalence of ≈1% was reported [ 18 ]. In a Dutch cohort of 3207 citizens aged 2–90 years, seroprevalance estimates were 4.9% in the 18–39 year age group compared with 1.7% in children 2–17 years of age [ 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2-specific Antibodies in the Town of Ariano Irpino (Avellino, Campania, Italy): a population-based Study

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Italian municipality of Ariano Irpino (Avellino, Campania, Italy) was locked down by the regional authorities from March until April 2020 after several citizens tested positive for SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). A serological mass screening campaign targeting the Ariano Irpino population using the Roche Cobas Elecsys anti-SARS-CoV-2 assay was organized by the Zoo-Prophylactic Institute of Southern Italy (Portici, Italy) and conducted in cooperation with the Local Health Unit (Azienda Sanitaria Locale – ASL – Avellino, Avellino, Italy), the Department of Public Health of University Federico II (Naples, Italy) and Department of Health Services of Azienda Ospedaliera dei Colli-Cotugno and Monaldi Hospital (Naples, Italy) in May 2020. A total of 13,218 asymptomatic individuals were reviewed in this analysis. A total of 738 citizens tested positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (398 females, 340 males). The overall prevalence in the sample was 5.6% (95% CI: 5.2–6.0). Among seropositive citizens, 101 cases tested positive on RT-PCR (0.76% of the overall population). Among citizens aged 14–18, 18–65 and >65 years, the seroprevalence was equal to 6.1 (95% CI: 4.1–8.7), 5.6 (95% CI: 5.1–6.1) and 4% (95% CI: 3.3–4.8), respectively. In the pediatric cohort (<14 years old), seroprevalence was 13% (95% CI: 10.2–16.2). A serological-based screening strategy could be a cost-effective public health intervention to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2-specific Antibodies in the Town of Ariano Irpino (Avellino, Campania, Italy): a population-based Study

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…• Two studies found children generally developed a detectable antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection [99,100]. • Two studies found children with pneumonia generally mounted lower IgG [101] and IgA responses [102].…”

Section: Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neutralising antibody kinetics. Across the included studies, the majority of subjects developed detectable neutralising antibodies in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in both human [7,18,22,29,76,100, and animal [41,[128][129][130][131] participants. However, neutralising antibody titres were low in a substantial minority of participants.…”

Section: Protective Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans: A systematic review

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Progress in characterising the humoral immune response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been rapid but areas of uncertainty persist. Assessment of the full range of evidence generated to date to understand the characteristics of the antibody response, its dynamics over time, its determinants and the immunity it confers will have a range of clinical and policy implications for this novel pathogen. This review comprehensively evaluated evidence describing the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 published from 01/01/2020-26/06/2020. Methods Systematic review. Keyword-structured searches were carried out in MEDLINE, Embase and COVID-19 Primer. Articles were independently screened on title, abstract and full text by two researchers, with arbitration of disagreements. Data were double-extracted into a pre-designed template, and studies critically appraised using a modified version of the Public Health Ontario Meta-tool for Quality Appraisal of Public Health Evidence (MetaQAT) tool, with resolution of disagreements by consensus. Findings were narratively synthesised. Results 150 papers were included. Most studies (113 or 75%) were observational in design, were based wholly or primarily on data from hospitalised patients (108, 72%) and had important methodological limitations. Few considered mild or asymptomatic infection. Antibody dynamics were well described in the acute phase, up to around three months from disease onset, but the picture regarding correlates of the antibody response was inconsistent. IgM was consistently detected before IgG in included studies, peaking at weeks two to five and declining over a further three to five weeks post-symptom onset depending on the patient group; IgG peaked around weeks three to seven post-symptom onset then plateaued, generally persisting for at least eight weeks. Neutralising antibodies were detectable within seven to 15 days following disease onset, with levels increasing until days 14–22 before levelling and then decreasing, but titres were lower in those with asymptomatic or clinically mild disease. Specific and potent neutralising antibodies have been isolated from convalescent plasma. Cross-reactivity but limited cross-neutralisation with other human coronaviridae was reported. Evidence for protective immunity in vivo was limited to small, short-term animal studies, showing promising initial results in the immediate recovery phase. Conclusions Literature on antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 is of variable quality with considerable heterogeneity of methods, study participants, outcomes measured and assays used. Although acute phase antibody dynamics are well described, longer-term patterns are much less well evidenced. Comprehensive assessment of the role of demographic characteristics and disease severity on antibody responses is needed. Initial findings of low neutralising antibody titres and possible waning of titres over time may have implications for sero-surveillance and disease control policy, although further evidence is needed. The detection of potent neutralising antibodies in convalescent plasma is important in the context of development of therapeutics and vaccines. Due to limitations with the existing evidence base, large, cross-national cohort studies using appropriate statistical analysis and standardised serological assays and clinical classifications should be prioritised.

show abstract

“…Several studies have described the general adaptive immune responses towards SARS-CoV-2, showing that SARS-CoV-2 specific B and T cells are generated during infections. First immunoglobulin (Ig) M and later IgG SARS-CoV-2 spike specific antibodies are readily detected in COVID-19 patients [8][9][10][11][12]. Evaluations by neutralization assays have confirmed the ability of the generated antibodies to prevent viral infections in vitro [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

SARS-CoV-2 elicits robust adaptive immune responses regardless of disease severity

Nielsen

Vibholm

Monrad

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic currently prevails worldwide. To understand the immunological signature of SARS-CoV-2 infections and aid the search for treatments and vaccines, comprehensive characterization of adaptive immune responses towards SARS-CoV-2 is needed. We investigated the breadth and potency of antibody-, and T-cell immune responses, in 203 recovered SARS-CoV-2 infected patients who presented with asymptomatic to severe infections. We report very broad serological profiles with cross-reactivity to other human coronaviruses. Further, >99% had SARS-CoV-2 epitope specific antibodies, with SARS-CoV-2 neutralization and spike-ACE2 receptor interaction blocking observed in 95% of individuals. A significant positive correlation between spike-ACE2 blocking antibody titers and neutralization potency was observed. SARS-CoV-2 specific CD8+ T-cell responses were clear and quantifiable in 90% of HLA-A2+ individuals. The viral surface spike protein was identified as the dominant target for both neutralizing antibodies and CD8+ T cell responses. Overall, the majority of patients had robust adaptive immune responses, regardless of disease severity. These data support the possibility of achieving protective immunity through natural infection and bode well for the prospects of inducing immunological memory through vaccination.

show abstract

Serological identification of SARS-CoV-2 infections among children visiting a hospital during the initial Seattle outbreak

Cited by 67 publications

References 42 publications

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2-specific Antibodies in the Town of Ariano Irpino (Avellino, Campania, Italy): a population-based Study

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2-specific Antibodies in the Town of Ariano Irpino (Avellino, Campania, Italy): a population-based Study

Antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans: A systematic review

SARS-CoV-2 elicits robust adaptive immune responses regardless of disease severity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About