Serological evidence of Leptospira sp. in humans from Fernando de Noronha Island, Brazil

Carvalho, Maria da Conceição; Ribeiro-Andrade, Müller; Oliveira, Pollyanne Raysa Fernandes de; Melo, Renata Pimentel Bandeira de; Aragão, Breno Bezerra; Viana, Maiara Pôrto; Azevêdo, Sérgio Santos de; Magalhães, Fernando Jorge Rodrigues; Mota, Rinaldo Aparecido

doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2020.101486

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…in humans herein could be attributed to different factors. Firstly, the present study voluntarily recruited healthy participants, corroborating the results of surveys conducted in similar isolated human communities, such as Fernando de Noronha's Oceanic Island [25] and the metropolitan areas of southern Brazil [26], with seropositivity of 1.17% and 1.84% for healthy owners, respectively. Secondly, the study confirmed the low likelihood of leptospirosis exposure when engaged in human occupational activities on environmentally protected islands, including forbidden livestock raising, slaughter, and wildlife hunting [27].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Spatial Owner-Dog Seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. Antibodies in Oceanic Islands and Costal Mainland of Southern Brazil

et al. 2023

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Leptospirosis has been described as a disease neglected worldwide. Affecting humans and animals, the disease is often related to poor environmental conditions such as lack of sanitation and presence of synanthropic rodents. Despite being considered as a One Health issue, no study has focused on comparing owner–dog seroprevalence between islands and seashore mainland. Accordingly, the present study assessed anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies by applying microscopic agglutination test (MAT) methods to Leptospira and assessing associated risk factors via univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of owners and their dogs in islands and seashore mainland of southern Brazil. No anti-Leptospira spp. Seropositivity was found in 330 owner serum samples, while dogs presented an overall seroprevalence of 5.9%. All seropositive dogs reacted to serogroups of Leptospira interrogans, including 66.7% of Pyrogenes, 44.4% Canicola, 22.2% Icterohaemorrhagiae, 16.7% Australis; six reacted to more than one serogroup. No association was found among seropositivity and epidemiological variables, except that neighborhood dogs were less likely to be seropositive. Although no seropositivity was observed in owners, seropositivity in dogs had the potential to indicate such species as being sentinels for environmental exposure and potential human risk of infection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Spatial Owner-Dog Seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. Antibodies in Oceanic Islands and Costal Mainland of Southern Brazil

et al. 2023

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“…as a common pathogen causing acute febrile illness reported in 5 of 17 studies evaluating 13,539 people [ 2 ]. In Brazil, based on a microscopic agglutination test the prevalence of anti-Leptospira antibodies was 1.17% (4/341; CI 0.46-2.98%) [ 38 ]. The present work identifies Leptospira spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptospira spp. and Rickettsia spp. as pathogens with zoonotic potential causing acute undifferentiated febrile illness in a central-eastern region of Peru

Silva-Caso,

Aguilar-Luis,

Espinoza-Espíritu

et al. 2024

BMC Res Notes

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Objetive this study was to determine the relationship between acute febrile illness and bacterial pathogens with zoonotic potential that cause emerging and re-emerging diseases in a central-eastern region of Peru. Results Out of the 279 samples analyzed, 23 (8.2%) tested positive for infection by Rickettsia spp., while a total of 15 (5.4%) tested positive for Leptospira spp. Women had a higher frequency of infection by Rickettsia spp., with 13 cases (53.3%), while men had a higher frequency of infection by Leptospira spp., with 10 cases (66.7%). The most frequently reported general symptom was headache, with 100.0% (n = 23) of patients with Rickettsia (+) and 86.7% (n = 13) of patients with Leptospira (+) experiencing it. Arthralgia was the second most frequent symptom, reported by 95.6% (n = 22) and 60% (n = 9) of patients with Rickettsia (+) and Leptospira (+), respectively. Myalgia was reported by 91.3% (n = 21) and 66.7% (n = 10) of patients with Rickettsia (+) and Leptospira (+), respectively. Retroocular pain, low back pain, and skin rash were also present, but less frequently. Among the positives, no manifestation of bleeding was recorded, although only one positive case for Leptospira spp. presented a decrease in the number of platelets.

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“…Samples with titers ≥ 1:50 were considered as past infection, while a titer of 1:400 or higher was used to define recent infection. This cut-off point has been used in other seroprevalence studies 37 , 45 , 46 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of leptospirosis among blood donors in an endemic area

Limothai,

Tachaboon,

Dinhuzen

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Thailand is known to be endemic for leptospirosis. This bacterium may pose a potential risk to transfusion safety. This study was a cross-sectional study examining the seroprevalence of leptospirosis among Thai blood donors. A total of 1053 serum specimens collected from blood donors residing in 5 regions of Thailand during March to September 2020 were included in this study. All samples were tested for the presence of antibodies to 22 leptospiral serovars using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and anti-Leptospira IgG antibodies using commercially available enzyme immunoassay. We found no evidence of recent exposure to Leptospira spp. in sera of healthy Thai blood donors by MAT, including those in higher-risk areas. However, in this same group, we did find small numbers of past exposure (1.7%) to Leptospira spp. by IgG ELISA. According to the findings of this study, there is currently no evidence for implementing new blood banking procedures to identify possible carriers in Thailand, however these should be continually monitored and revised according to the infectious disease burden in each country. It should be noted that there was a difference in the occupation rate between the general population reported in Thailand and blood donors in this study; it may not reflect the actual situation in the country.

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Serological evidence of Leptospira sp. in humans from Fernando de Noronha Island, Brazil

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Spatial Owner-Dog Seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. Antibodies in Oceanic Islands and Costal Mainland of Southern Brazil

Spatial Owner-Dog Seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. Antibodies in Oceanic Islands and Costal Mainland of Southern Brazil

Leptospira spp. and Rickettsia spp. as pathogens with zoonotic potential causing acute undifferentiated febrile illness in a central-eastern region of Peru

Seroprevalence of leptospirosis among blood donors in an endemic area

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