Serological evaluation of Newcastle disease protection among broilers at a live bird market in Kano, Northwest Nigeria, and its epidemiological significance

Funsho-Sanni, Olubukola O.; Ella, E. E.; Sanni, Olufunsho Samuel; Inabo, Helen Ileigo; Luka, Sodangi Abdulkarim; Ameh, RoseMary Eleyi

doi:10.1080/15321819.2022.2029744

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Research focus has largely been on NDV isolated from wild birds and their role in the epidemiology of the disease and molecular analysis using the full F-gene for pathotyping and lineage distribution studies. However, despite mass administration of vaccines, there are reports of vaccine failure and high mortality among vaccinated flocks [ 22 ], sub-optimal protection levels among vaccinated flocks [ 23 ], viral evolution and identification of new genotypes [ 19 , 21 ], and significant antigenic distance between circulating and vaccine strains [ 24 ]. Despite huge patronization of veterinary clinics (for drugs and vaccines) and consultancy by poultry producers, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of isolation of vNDV from dead chickens from vaccinated flock presented to a veterinary clinic in Nigeria for post-mortem examination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Amino Acid Changes in the Fusion Protein of Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus from Vaccinated Poultry in Nigerian Isolates

Funsho-Sanni

Ella

Rogo

et al. 2022

International Journal of Microbiology

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The roles of fusion gene in the virulence of Newcastle disease virus are well established, but the extent of its variation among the XIV, XVII, and XVIII genotypes reported in Central Africa and West Africa has until recently been understudied. In this study, virulent Newcastle disease virus (vNDV) was isolated from dead chickens among vaccinated flocks between March and April 2020. Fusion (F) gene was sequenced and analysed for characterization and information about genetic changes. Many substitutions were observed along the region and some of their functions are yet to be determined. Results showed that all study isolates have virulent cleavage site sequence 112-RRRKR-116/F117 and clustered within genotype XIVb. Sequence analysis showed K78R mutation in the A2 antigenic epitope in all isolates and more along the F-gene which varied in some instances within the isolates. Mutation in this A2 antigenic epitope has been reported to induce escape mutation to monoclonal antibodies generated using the NDV LaSota strain. The range of percentage nucleotide and amino acid homology between the study isolates and commercially available vaccine strains is 81.14%–84.39% and 0.175–0.211, respectively. This report provides evidence of vNDV among vaccinated chicken flock and molecular information about circulating vNDV strains in Kano State, Nigeria, which is useful for the development of virus matched vaccines. Newcastle disease (ND) surveillance and molecular analysis of circulating strains in this region should be encouraged and reported. Furthermore, ND outbreaks or cases among vaccinated poultry presented to veterinary clinics should be reported to the state epidemiologist. Nucleotide sequences were assigned accession numbers OK491971–OK491977.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Amino Acid Changes in the Fusion Protein of Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus from Vaccinated Poultry in Nigerian Isolates

Funsho-Sanni

Ella

Rogo

et al. 2022

International Journal of Microbiology

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“…Research focus has largely been on NDV isolated from wild birds and their role in the epidemiology of the disease and molecular analysis using the full F-gene for pathotyping and lineage distribution studies. However, despite mass administration of vaccines, there are reports of vaccine failure and high mortality among vaccinated focks [22], sub-optimal protection levels among vaccinated focks [23], viral evolution and identifcation of new genotypes [19,21], and signifcant antigenic distance between circulating and vaccine strains [24]. Despite huge patronization of veterinary clinics (for drugs and vaccines) and consultancy by poultry producers, to the best of our knowledge, this is the frst report of isolation of vNDV from dead chickens from vaccinated fock presented to a veterinary clinic in Nigeria for post-mortem examination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Amino Acid Changes in Fusion protein of Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus from vaccinated poultry in Nigerian Isolates

Funsho-Sanni

Ella

Rogo

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The roles of Fusion gene in the virulence of Newcastle disease virus has been well established but the extent of its variation among the newly identified XIV, XVII and XVIII genotypes which are predominantly found in Central and West Africa have until recently been understudied and LaSota vaccine strain protection against mortality and morbidity against XIV genotype is the least reported. In this study, F gene of vNDV isolated from samples collected in Nigeria from chicken cadaver from vaccinated chicken flocks showing high mortality, clinical signs and post-mortem lesions attributable to ND during March and April, 2020 were sequenced and analysed for information about genetic changes. Results showed that all isolates from our study have virulent cleavage site sequence 112-RRRKR-116/F117 and clustered within genotype XIVb. Sequence analysis show K78R mutation in the A2 antigenic epitope in all isolates, and more along the F gene which vary in some instances within the isolates. Mutation in this A2 antigenic epitope has been reported to induce escape mutation to monoclonal antibodies generated using NDV LaSota strain. Averages of antigenic variability and percentage homology between the isolates and commonly used vaccines is 0.24; 81.40% and 0.22; 81.90% for LaSota and Komorov vaccines respectively. Nucleotide sequences was assigned accession numbers OK491971-OK491977. Many substitutions were observed in the isolates and some of their functions are yet to be determined.

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“…Newcastle disease is one of the worst avian illnesses (ND). Funsho-Sanni et al, (2022) found that, ND was responsible for 32.7% of all deaths. The significant mortality rates from ND illnesses necessitate that they be given top care.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Diagnosis of Newcastle Disease Virus by RT-RCR and Detection Fusion Gene Using Conventional PCR

2022

pnr

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Newcastle disease is one of the worst avian illnesses, it was responsible for 32.7% of all deaths. The significant mortality rates from Newcastle disease illnesses necessitate that, they be given top care.The main purpose of the current study was Molecular diagnosis of Newcastle disease virus by RT-RCR and detection fusion gene using conventional PCR.With the discovery of Newcastle disease symptoms in 20 flocks, researchers tested 70 random samples and 40 samples as healthy control from all around the governorates of Babylon and Al-Najaf (loss of appetite, coughing, gasping, nasal discharge, watery eyes, bright green diarrhea and nervous signs such as paralysis and convulsions). In the beginning, an NDV kit test was utilized to quickly verify the infection. The best time to start raising chickens is between day 20 and day 35. The flocks were protected against NDV using LaSota vaccinations. The samples were collected between October 2021 and January 2022. To verify the tentative diagnosis based on clinical and pathological signs, 5 ml of blood were drawn. Each blood sample resulted in two separate test tubes (2.5ml putted in EDTA tube, to obtain of whole blood, and 2.5ml putted in gully tube to obtain serum). All samples were stored at -20C until analysis. Field examination was performed by an NDV rapid kit where it showed positive results for 63(90%) samples out of 70 samples were detected as ND according to clinical symptoms, out of 63 samples, 40(63.4%) samples give positive inhibition. Haemagglutination inhibition test were determination on 63 clinical samples that showed positive results of NDV by immunochromatography Rapid diagnostic test. The results showed that, out of 63 samples, 40(63.4%) samples give positive inhibition. There were significant difference between mean antibody titer of infected birds and healthy control group, the mean of AB titer was decrease (13.15±1.94) more than control (467.2±48.83). Results from an RT-PCR test revealed that, only 12(30%) of 40 isolates were positive. Seven of the twelve NDV isolates underwent RT-PCR to identify the F gene, and the findings indicated that, two of the samples provided a strong band, one gave a light band, one gave a weak band, and three did not exhibit any band of F gene.It was conclude that, in order to effectively develop a control strategy against the illness, rapid test detection and identification of the viruses are essential. As a result, the RT-PCR molecular technique may be used for quick and confirmatory detection of NDV from any kind of ND epidemic. The RT-PCR assay also had a higher detection rate of NDV than the HI test. Since this is the case, introducing the molecular approach (RT-PCR) for quick and confirmatory detection of NDV from any kind of ND outbreak at the field level of Iraq is feasible.

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Serological evaluation of Newcastle disease protection among broilers at a live bird market in Kano, Northwest Nigeria, and its epidemiological significance

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

Analysis of Amino Acid Changes in the Fusion Protein of Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus from Vaccinated Poultry in Nigerian Isolates

Analysis of Amino Acid Changes in the Fusion Protein of Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus from Vaccinated Poultry in Nigerian Isolates

Analysis of Amino Acid Changes in Fusion protein of Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus from vaccinated poultry in Nigerian Isolates

Molecular Diagnosis of Newcastle Disease Virus by RT-RCR and Detection Fusion Gene Using Conventional PCR

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