Serological cross-reactions between Escherichia coli O157 and other species of the genus Escherichia

Rice, Eugene W.; Sowers, Evangeline G.; Johnson, Clifford H.; Dunnigan, Michele E.; Strockbine, Nancy; Edberg, Stephen C.

doi:10.1128/jcm.30.5.1315-1316.1992

Cited by 40 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, non-STEC strains of this serogroup will also be detected and non-STEC serogroup 0157 strains are rather common in meats (Heuvelink et al 1996). Moreover, antigenically-related organisms, such as Citrobacter freundii, may carry the 0157 antigen (Bettelheim et al 1993), and E. hermannii may be agglutinated by 0157 antisera (Rice et al 1992). Somatic antibody cross-reactions have also been noted with bacteria of different genera, including DETECTION AND ISOLATION OF STEC 137S Salmonella group N, some Yersinia enterocolitica and Brucella spp., resulting in false-positive reactions (Okrend et al 1990c;Johnson et al 1995a).…”

Section: Immunological Detection Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for the detection and isolation of Shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coli

Boer

Heuvelink

2000

Journal of Applied Microbiology

117

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SUMMARY Shiga toxin‐producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are an important cause of haemorrhagic colitis and the diarrhoea‐associated form of the haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Of the numerous serotypes of E. coli that have been shown to produce Shiga toxin (Stx), E. coli O157:H7 and E. coli O157:NM (non‐motile) are most frequently implicated in human disease. Early recognition of STEC infections is critical for effective treatment of patients. Furthermore, rapid microbiological diagnosis of individual patients enables the prompt notification of outbreaks and implementation of control measures to prevent more cases. Most human infections caused by STEC have been acquired by the consumption of contaminated foods, especially those of bovine origin such as undercooked ground beef and unpasteurized cows' milk, and by person‐to‐person contacts. To identify the reservoirs of STEC and the routes of transmission to man, sensitive methods are needed as these pathogens may only be present in food, environmental and faecal samples in small numbers. In addition, sensitive and rapid detection methods are necessary for the food industry to ensure a safe supply of foods. Sensitive methods are also needed for surveillance programmes in risk assessment studies, and for studies on survival and growth of STEC strains. Cultural methods for the enrichment, isolation and confirmation of O157 STEC are still evolving. Several selective enrichment media have been described, of which modified tryptone soy broth with novobiocin and modified E. coli broth with novobiocin, seem to be the most appropriate. These media are minimally‐selective broths that give a somewhat limited differential specificity favouring isolation of O157 STEC, as opposed to other Gram‐negative bacteria, in the sample. An incubation temperature of 41–42°C further enhances selectivity. The occurrence of heat‐, freeze‐, acid‐ or salt‐stressed STEC in foods means that it is important to be able to detect cells that are in a stressed state, as STEC generally have a very low infectious dose, and injured cells mostly retain their pathogenic properties. For the isolation of stressed O157 STEC, pre‐enrichment in a non‐selective broth is necessary. The most widely used plating medium for the isolation of typical sorbitol‐non‐fermenting strains of STEC of serogroup O157 is sorbitol MacConkey agar with cefixime and tellurite (CT‐SMAC). As some STEC strains are sensitive for tellurite and/or are sorbitol‐fermenting, the use of a second isolation medium, such as one of the newer chromogenic media, is recommended. Immunomagnetic separation (IMS) following selective enrichment, and subsequent spread‐plating of the concentrated target cells onto CT‐SMAC agar, appears to be the most sensitive and cost‐effective method for the isolation of E. coli O157 from raw foods. IMS increases sensitivity by concentrating E. coli O157 relative to background microflora, which may overgrow or mimic O157 STEC cells on selective agars. While cultural isolation of O157 STEC from foods and faeces is time‐consu...

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Section: Immunological Detection Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for the detection and isolation of Shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coli

Boer

Heuvelink

2000

Journal of Applied Microbiology

117

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“…Interestingly, the physical structure of the two LPS types has been shown to be quite distinct (Chart et al 1991b) Strains of E. coli O157:H7 ferment sorbitol only slowly and utilize this sugar very little during a 24 h incubation period (Wells et al 1983;March and Ratnam 1986). However, certain strains of E. hermannii are also poor sorbitol-fermenting and with a latex agglutination test (Rice et al 1992), were shown to cross-react with E. coli O157, probably because some strains of E. hermannii have the sugar sequence 4amino-4,6-dideoxy-a-D-mannopyranoside in their LPSs. The possibility arises that infections caused by strains of E. hermannii might be misdiagnosed based on E. coli O157 serology alone.…”

Section: E Coli O157 Lipopolysaccharide: Antibody Cross-reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The possibility arises that infections caused by strains of E. hermannii might be misdiagnosed based on E. coli O157 serology alone. However, as only a proportion of strains of E. hermannii share LPS epitopes with E. coli O157 (Rice et al 1992) and infections caused by E. hermannii are rare, it seems unlikely that infections caused by E. hermannii would be confused with cases of HUS caused by E. coli O157:H7.…”

Section: E Coli O157 Lipopolysaccharide: Antibody Cross-reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The serodiagnosis of infections caused by Verocytotoxin‐producingEscherichia coli

Chart¹,

Jenkins²

1999

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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Patients with haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) and haemorrhagic colitis (HC) produce serum antibodies to the lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of Escherichia coli O157 and certain other E. coli serogroups. Patients may also make salivary antibodies to the LPS of E. coli O157. Serological tests based on these antibodies can be used to provide evidence of infection in the absence of culturable VTEC or the toxins they produce. Serum antibodies to LPS persist for several months following onset of disease, enabling both current and retrospective serological testing. The LPS of E. coli O157 shares epitopes with strains of Brucella abortus, Yersinia enterocolitica O9, Vibrio cholerae O1 Inaba, group N Salmonella and certain strains of Citrobacter freundii and E. hermanni. Serological tests for serum antibodies to E. coli O157 should be evaluated in the light of these cross‐reactions. Serological tests to supply evidence of infection with E. coli O157 have been shown to provide a valuable adjunct to bacteriological procedures for detecting culturable VTEC and VT. The use of well characterized LPS antigens in association with the techniques of ELISA and immunoblotting provide valuable procedures for detecting evidence of infection with E. coli O157 and possibly other VTEC.

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“…We report a between E. coli 0157:H7 and other microbial species, includsimilar sensitivity for cells inoculated into beef. Sensitivity ing E. hermannii, Salmonella 030 strains, Y enterocolitica 09, depends to some extent on the quality of the fluorescent and Brucella species, has been reported (2,20,27,32). The antibody.…”

Section: A Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody-direct epifluorescent filter technique for rapid, direct enumeration of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in beef

Tortorello

Stewart

1994

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Artificially inoculated Escherichia coli 0157:H7 was directly enumerated in ground beef and beef exudate, without enrichment or selection, by the antibody-direct epifluorescent filter technique (Ab-DEFT). The total assay time of the Ab-DEFT was less than 1 h. The beef was homogenized, treated for 15 min with trypsin and Triton X-100, and passed through a 5-,Im-pore-size prefilter and then through a 0.2-,um-pore-size black polycarbonate filter. The final filter was stained directly with fluorescein-labeled anti-0157 polyclonal antibody, rinsed, and examined by epifluorescence microscopy. The sensitivity of the Ab-DEFT was compared with that of a standard enrichment culture technique. Both methods reliably determined the presence of the pathogen in beef at 16 CFU/g. The Ab-DEFT was also useful for quantifying the pathogen and monitoring its growth in beef.

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Serological cross-reactions between Escherichia coli O157 and other species of the genus Escherichia

Cited by 40 publications

References 10 publications

Methods for the detection and isolation of Shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coli

Methods for the detection and isolation of Shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coli

The serodiagnosis of infections caused by Verocytotoxin‐producingEscherichia coli

Antibody-direct epifluorescent filter technique for rapid, direct enumeration of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in beef

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