Serological characteristics of Lewis antibodies and their clinical significance – A case series

Subramaniyan, Rajeswari

doi:10.1016/j.htct.2021.07.007

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…RBCs acquire Lewis antigens via adsorption, when the cells come into contact with the soluble forms of the antigens [21]. The addition of a fucose moiety directly on type 1 carbohydrate chains by the Le gene results in the synthesis of the Lea antigen, whereas the addition of a fucose moiety on H antigens results in the formation of the Leb antigen [20,22]. Since the Leb antigen requires the H antigen backbone, which must be synthesized by the Se gene in epithelial cells and secretions, the Leb antigen is not present in non-secretors.…”

Section: Overview Of the Abo Blood Group Lewis Antigens And Secretor ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating ABO Blood Groups and Secretor Status in Relation to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Severity

Ferous,

Siafakas,

Boufidou

et al. 2024

JPM

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The ABO blood groups, Lewis antigens, and secretor systems are important components of transfusion medicine. These interconnected systems have been also shown to be associated with differing susceptibility to bacterial and viral infections, likely as the result of selection over the course of evolution and the constant tug of war between humans and infectious microbes. This comprehensive narrative review aimed to explore the literature and to present the current state of knowledge on reported associations of the ABO, Lewis, and secretor blood groups with SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity. Our main finding was that the A blood group may be associated with increased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and possibly also with increased disease severity and overall mortality. The proposed pathophysiological pathways explaining this potential association include antibody-mediated mechanisms and increased thrombotic risk amongst blood group A individuals, in addition to altered inflammatory cytokine expression profiles. Preliminary evidence does not support the association between ABO blood groups and COVID-19 vaccine response, or the risk of developing long COVID. Even though the emergency state of the pandemic is over, further research is needed especially in this area since tens of millions of people worldwide suffer from lingering COVID-19 symptoms.

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Section: Overview Of the Abo Blood Group Lewis Antigens And Secretor ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating ABO Blood Groups and Secretor Status in Relation to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Severity

Ferous,

Siafakas,

Boufidou

et al. 2024

JPM

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“…According to Boateng et al [ 123 ], the frequency of alloantibody development in patients with SCD is as high as 76% compared to the general population [ 124 ]. The frequency of red blood cell alloimmunisation in SCD patients may not be the same in every part of the world due to blood transfusion rates, ethnic mismatch, and the age of the initial transfusion [ 20 , 125 , 126 ].…”

Section: The Cause Of High Alloimmunisation In Scd Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Relationship between the Immune Response, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and the Pathogenesis of Sickle Cell Anaemia

Aboderin,

Oduola,

Davison

et al. 2023

Biomedicines

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Sickle cell anaemia (SCD) is a life-threatening haematological disorder which is predominant in sub-Saharan Africa and is triggered by a genetic mutation of the β-chain haemoglobin gene resulting in the substitution of glutamic acid with valine. This mutation leads to the production of an abnormal haemoglobin molecule called haemoglobin S (HbS). When deoxygenated, haemoglobin S (HbS) polymerises and results in a sickle-shaped red blood cell which is rigid and has a significantly shortened life span. Various reports have shown a strong link between oxidative stress, inflammation, the immune response, and the pathogenesis of sickle cell disease. The consequence of these processes leads to the development of vasculopathy (disease of the blood vessels) and several other complications. The role of the immune system, particularly the innate immune system, in the pathogenesis of SCD has become increasingly clear in recent years of research; however, little is known about the roles of the adaptive immune system in this disease. This review examines the interaction between the immune system, inflammation, oxidative stress, blood transfusion, and their effects on the pathogenesis of sickle cell anaemia.

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Lewis-A Antibody in Clinical Practice: A Case Report

Haran A

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Anti-Lewis antibodies are often not clinically significant since they do not react at 37°C. These antibodies have, however, occasionally been linked to hemolytic transfusion reactions (HTR). We report a case of naturally occurring anti-Lewis-a (Le-a) in a 58-year-old patient found during routine blood grouping. As Lewis antigen is a low-prevalence antigen, compatible units were found after crossmatching two units of packed red cells. Lewis blood group antigen antibodies frequently react at lower temperatures and remain clinically insignificant, but in rare cases, they may react at a higher temperature of 37°C and cause a hemolytic episode or impair the lifespan of incompatible red blood cells in the recipient. Hence, antigen-negative crossmatch compatible units should be used for transfusion. In an emergency, the donor's register, with its comprehensive phenotypic profile, can be quite helpful in supplying blood for transfusions.

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Serological characteristics of Lewis antibodies and their clinical significance – A case series

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Investigating ABO Blood Groups and Secretor Status in Relation to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Severity

Investigating ABO Blood Groups and Secretor Status in Relation to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Severity

A Review of the Relationship between the Immune Response, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and the Pathogenesis of Sickle Cell Anaemia

Lewis-A Antibody in Clinical Practice: A Case Report

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