Serological and virological profile of patients with chronic hepatitis B infection in Eritrea

Hamida, Mohammed Elfatih; Raja, Saud Mohammed; Seyoum, Yemane; Elkhidir, Isam M; Tekle, Freweini

doi:10.29328/journal.ijcv.1001022

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Aberra et al [ 19 ] reported that 90% of Ethiopian patients with CHB were HBeAg negative. Similarly, studies conducted in other sub-Saharan Africa countries found that the prevalence of HBeAg-negative chronic HBV infection ranged from 80%-93%[ 32 , 33 ]. Previous studies have reported a lower rate of HBeAg-positive chronic HBV infection in African patients with CHB than in those in the Far East, possibly attributed to geographical variability in HBV genotypes[ 21 , 22 , 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Eastern Ethiopia: Clinical characteristics and determinants of cirrhosis

Ismael,

Usmael,

Belay

et al. 2024

World J Hepatol

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BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) virus infection is a major cause of liver-associated morbidity and mortality, particularly in low-income countries. A better understanding of the epidemiological, clinical, and virological characteristics of CHB will guide appropriate treatment strategies and improve the control and management of CHB in Ethiopia. AIM To investigate the characteristics of CHB in Eastern Ethiopia and assess the efficacy and safety of antiviral treatment. METHODS This cohort study included 193 adults who were human immunodeficiency virus-negative with CHB between June 2016 and December 2019. Baseline assessments included chemistry, serologic, and viral markers. χ 2 tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, and logistic regression analyses were used to identify the determinants of cirrhosis. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) was initiated using treatment criteria from the Ethiopian CHB pilot program. RESULTS A total of 132 patients (68.4%) were men, with a median age of 30 years [interquartile range (IQR): 24-38]. At enrollment, 60 (31.1%) patients had cirrhosis, of whom 35 (58.3%) had decompensated cirrhosis. Khat use, hepatitis B envelope antigen positivity, and a high viral load were independently associated with cirrhosis. Additionally, 66 patients (33.4%) fulfilled the treatment criteria and 59 (30.6%) started TDF. Among 29 patients who completed 24 months of treatment, the median aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index declined from 1.54 (IQR: 0.66-2.91) to 1.10 (IQR: 0.75-2.53) (P = 0.002), and viral suppression was achieved in 80.9% and 100% of patients after 12 months and 24 months of treatment, respectively. Among the treated patients, 12 (20.3%) died within the first 6 months of treatment, of whom 8 had decompensated cirrhosis. CONCLUSION This study highlights the high prevalence of cirrhosis, initial mortality, and the efficacy of TDF treatment. Scaling up measures to prevent and control CHB infections in Ethiopia is crucial.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Eastern Ethiopia: Clinical characteristics and determinants of cirrhosis

Ismael,

Usmael,

Belay

et al. 2024

World J Hepatol

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“…It is detected at the earliest stage of infection (one month after HBV exposure), rises to a peak level about 3 months later, and then steadily declines in chronic infection or vanishes at the time of HBV recovery [ 41 ]. HbsAg, the first virological marker to be found on the viral surface, indicates an acute HBV infection [ 42 , 43 , 44 ]. As HbsAg is a predominant viral marker, HBV serology can typically be detected as early as 1–2 weeks or as late as 11–12 weeks after the first infection.…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Hbvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lateral Flow Assay for Hepatitis B Detection: A Review of Current and New Assays

2023

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From acute to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular cancer, hepatitis B infection causes a broad spectrum of liver diseases. Molecular and serological tests have been used to diagnose hepatitis B-related illnesses. Due to technology limitations, it is challenging to identify hepatitis B infection cases at an early stage, particularly in a low- and middle-income country with constrained resources. Generally, the gold-standard methods to detect hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection requires dedicated personnel, bulky, expensive equipment and reagents, and long processing times which delay the diagnosis of HBV. Thus, lateral flow assay (LFA), which is inexpensive, straightforward, portable, and operates reliably, has dominated point-of-care diagnostics. LFA consists of four parts: a sample pad where samples are dropped; a conjugate pad where labeled tags and biomarker components are combined; a nitrocellulose membrane with test and control lines for target DNA-probe DNA hybridization or antigen-antibody interaction; and a wicking pad where waste is stored. By modifying the pre-treatment during the sample preparation process or enhancing the signal of the biomarker probes on the membrane pad, the accuracy of the LFA for qualitative and quantitative analysis can be improved. In this review, we assembled the most recent developments in LFA technologies for the progress of hepatitis B infection detection. Prospects for ongoing development in this area are also covered.

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Serological and virological profile of patients with chronic hepatitis B infection in Eritrea

Cited by 2 publications

References 26 publications

Chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Eastern Ethiopia: Clinical characteristics and determinants of cirrhosis

Chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Eastern Ethiopia: Clinical characteristics and determinants of cirrhosis

Lateral Flow Assay for Hepatitis B Detection: A Review of Current and New Assays

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