Serological and histological studies on adult rabbits with recent, naturally acquired encephalitozoonosis

Cox, John C.; Gallichio, H. A.

doi:10.1016/s0034-5288(18)33084-4

Cited by 58 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Spores are subsequently excreted by the urine for several weeks (Cox and Gallichio 1978;Scharmann et al 1986). …”

Section: Epidemiology and Host Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cerebral tissue alterations demonstrate perivascular infiltrations ranging from discrete changes to nonsuppurative, focal or multifocal granulomatous (meningo-) encephalitis (Cox and Gallichio 1978;Wicher et al 1991;Eröksüz et al 1999;Csokai et al 2009a). Granulomas contain lymphocytes, plasma cells and glia cells and are often necrotic in the centre (Eröksüz et al 1999;HarcourtBrown 2002).…”

Section: Pathology and Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Severe grades of chronic interstitial nephritis with macroscopic scar tissue formation due to fibrosis, and multifocal granulomas are frequently documented (Flatt and Jackson, 1970;Cox and Gallichio 1978;Eröksüz et al 1999;Csokai et al 2009a). Spores multiply in the tubular epithelium; from there, they are excreted by the urine.…”

Section: Pathology and Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serological detection of antibodies is the most sensitive diagnostic method during the early stage of infection (Cox and Gallichio 1978;Csokai et al 2009b). In laboratory rabbits, serum antibodies against E. cuniculi develop within 3 weeks post-infection (Cox et al 1979).…”

Section: Serologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seroconversion can be demonstrated at least 2 weeks before intracellular organisms are detected and 4 weeks before histopathological lesions in the kidney or organisms in the urine can be found. Cerebral lesions are observed only around 8 weeks after initiation of serum antibody response (Cox and Gallichio 1978). Subsequently, antibody titres remain high over several months after exposure to E. cuniculi, then decrease slightly and can persist for years with fluctuating levels (Waller et al 1978;Scharmann et al 1986).…”

Section: Serologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Encephalitozoonosis in rabbits

Künzel

Joachim

2009

Parasitol Res

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Encephalitozoon cuniculi is an obligatory intracellular microsporidian parasite that can infect a wide range of mammals, including rodents, rabbits, horses, carnivores and humans, in which the organism is known as an opportunistic pathogen of immunocompromised individuals. Nevertheless, the main host for E. cuniculi is the rabbit and infections usually have a sub-clinical course. However, severe disease is recognised in pet rabbits more frequently within the last years. As the central nervous system, the kidney and the eye are predilection organs for the organism, predominant histopathological alterations comprise granulomatous meningoencephalitis, chronic interstitial nephritis and phacoclastic uveitis. A definitive diagnosis of encephalitozoonosis in vivo is difficult, but it is important for specific treatment and the determination of possible zoonotic risks. This review article covers epidemiology, pathology, pathophysiology, immunology, clinical signs, differential diagnosis, diagnosis and treatment of encephalitozoonosis in rabbits.

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“…Spores are subsequently excreted by the urine for several weeks (Cox and Gallichio 1978;Scharmann et al 1986). …”

Section: Epidemiology and Host Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathology and Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%