Serologic testing to verify the immune status of internationally adopted children against vaccine preventable diseases

Staat, Mary Allen; Stadler, Laura Patricia; Donauer, Stephanie; Trehan, Indi; Rice, Marilyn; Salisbury, Shelia

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.09.069

Cited by 29 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…When we study the associated odds ratio of susceptibility to polio virus infection with history of polio vaccine among malnourished children in Sana'a city Yemen, there was increased rate of susceptibility for polio virus in our study among children whom not had national camping booster polio vaccine in which the rate of susceptibility was 14.6%, while the rate of susceptibility among children whom had national camping booster polio vaccine was 5.5% only (Table 5). Our result is similar to previously reported studies in which increasing the number of OPV doses received by children, decreasing the susceptibility rate for polio virus; and increase the polio-seroconversion rates among children 8,11,21 .…”

Section: Yemen Introduced Universal Immunization Againstsupporting

confidence: 92%

Evaluation of the Immune Response to Polio Vaccine in Malnourished Children in Sana'a City

Nassar

Al-Shamahy

AL-Barq

2018

UJPR

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This study was made to evaluate the immune response to polio virus vaccine among PEM children by measuring the level of circulating Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against polio virus (IgG-PV) after immunization with the primary series of POV, and determining the coverage rate of universal childhood vaccine for polio virus. A cross-sectional laboratory study was conducted in Department of Medical Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, and Al-Sabeen University Hospital, Sana'a University. A total of 279 PEM children were selected and investigated for universal childhood vaccination coverage rate for polio vaccine. Blood samples were collected from all, then tested for levels of IgG-PV by ELISA method. For assessment IgG-PV levels more than 10 units/ml were considered protected against polio virus infection. The coverage rate of polio virus vaccine for first year vaccine was 96.8%; and 91.1% of vaccinated PEM children responded to the vaccine with mean level of 46.2 U/ml. A statistically significant difference was observed with respect to sero-protective IgG-PV between males and females (85.7% and 94.1% respectively, p=0.002); and older children (>37 months) (97.7%).We conclude that a small proportion of malnourished vaccinated children with a normal immune status were not serologically immune to polio virus infection, and remain to be reconsidered for either revaccination or booster doses due to lack of or inadequate response. PEM group gave slightly reduced response to OPV hence there is need to give this group IPV (injectable polio vaccine) along with OPV and different micro-nutrition deficiencies like Zinc and iron.

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Section: Yemen Introduced Universal Immunization Againstsupporting

confidence: 92%

Evaluation of the Immune Response to Polio Vaccine in Malnourished Children in Sana'a City

Nassar

Al-Shamahy

AL-Barq

2018

UJPR

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“…According to some researches, wider intervals could be equally efficient: intervals of 20 years may be eventually more cost-effective and represent a better estimate of physiological reduction of antibody levels20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 ) . Second, inadequate tetanus immunization status was arbitrarily assumed when no documentation was available, but the absence of a documented vaccination doesn’t necessarily means the absence of the vaccination26, 27 ) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices of construction workers towards tetanus vaccine in Northern Italy

et al. 2016

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Construction workers (CWs) are both more exposed to tetanus and at higher risk to be inadequately immunized. Our aim was to evaluate tetanus immunization status and knowledge/attitudes towards tetanus vaccination in CWs in Italy. In this field report, the immunization status of 554 unskilled CWs (i.e. labourers). Immunization status was assessed recalling immunization booklets/certificates. Attitudes and knowledge were collected through a standardized questionnaire. In 240/554 CWs, immunization status was inadequate/not documented: in 184 subjects (33.2%), the last vaccination shot was older than 10 years, whereas basal immunization was incomplete in 20 cases, more frequently in foreign-born people (FBP) than in Italian born (IBP) (OR=7.116). In 198 cases (35.7%), an Occupational Physician (OPh) performed last booster, usually with monovalent (T, n=173) vaccine. The main reason for inadequate immunization was having forgotten the periodic booster (148/554; 26.7%), whereas 42 subjects (7.6%) deliberately avoided tetanus vaccine because of personal/religious beliefs, more frequently in FBP than in IBP (OR=3.182). In summary, the prevalence of inadequate immunization status was relatively high (43.4%): the high prevalence of “forgotten boosters” enlightens the key role of OPh in recalling and promoting vaccination policies. Moreover, the inappropriate use of Td vaccine points out the opportunity for educational campaigns in OPh.

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“…The majority of the available studies focus on a single issue in selected populations, [12,22–28] whereas few studies are available investigating the prevalence of several pathologies, infectious or not, and immunization status in large cohorts of IAC. [2,16,29,30] Each country has a different geographic profile of IAC, thus medical problems in these children could vary according to their origin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious diseases prevalence, vaccination coverage, and diagnostic challenges in a population of internationally adopted children referred to a Tertiary Care Children's Hospital from 2009 to 2015

et al. 2017

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Infectious diseases are common in internationally adopted children (IAC).With the objective to evaluate infectious diseases prevalence in a large cohort of IAC and to explore possible risk factors for tuberculosis (TB) and parasitic infections, clinical and laboratory data at first screening visit of all IAC (<18 years) consecutively referred to our Center in 2009 to 2015 were collected and analyzed.In total, 1612 children (median age: 5.40 years; interquartile range: 3.00–7.90) were enrolled, 123/1612 (7.60%) having medical conditions included in the special needs definition. The most frequent cutaneous infections were Molluscum contagiosum (42/1612; 2.60%) and Tinea capitis (37/1612; 2.30%). Viral hepatitis prevalence was <1% (hepatitis B virus [HBV]: 13 children, 0.80%; hepatitis C virus: 1 child, 0.10%; hepatitis A virus: 6 children, 0.40%). A parasitic infection was diagnosed in 372/1612 (23.10%) children. No risk factors for parasitosis were evidenced. Active TB was diagnosed in 4/1355 (0.3%) children, latent TB in 222/1355 (16.40%). Only 3.7% (51/1355) children had concordant positive tuberculin skin test (TST) and QuantiFERON-TB-Gold In-Tube (QFT-G-IT) results. Risk factors for TST+/QFT-G-IT− results were previous Bacille de Calmette-Guérin vaccination (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.18; 96% confidence interval [CI]: 1.26–3.79; P = 0.006), and age ≥5 years (aOR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.06–2.11; P = 0.02). The proportion of children with nonprotective titers for vaccine-preventable diseases (VPD) ranged from 15.70% (208/1323) for tetanus to 35.10% (469/1337) for HBV.Infectious diseases were commonly observed in our cohort. The high rate of discordant TST/QFT-G results brings up questions regarding the optimal management of these children, and suggests that, at least in children older than 5 years, only QFT-G-IT results may be reliable. The low proportion of children protected for VPD, confirms importance of a timely screening.

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Serologic testing to verify the immune status of internationally adopted children against vaccine preventable diseases

Cited by 29 publications

References 18 publications

Evaluation of the Immune Response to Polio Vaccine in Malnourished Children in Sana'a City

Evaluation of the Immune Response to Polio Vaccine in Malnourished Children in Sana'a City

Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices of construction workers towards tetanus vaccine in Northern Italy

Infectious diseases prevalence, vaccination coverage, and diagnostic challenges in a population of internationally adopted children referred to a Tertiary Care Children's Hospital from 2009 to 2015

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