Serologic Markers for Long-Term Immunity in Humans Vaccinated with Live Yersinia pestis EV NIIEG

Feodorov, V; Lyapina, Anna; Ulianova, Onega V.; Lyapina, E.P.; Sayapina, L. V.; Lyapin, M. N.; Shcherbakov, A. A.; Telepnev, Maxim V.; Motin, Vladimir L.

doi:10.1016/j.provac.2012.04.003

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Attempts at creating new vaccines are being made around the globe. One such example is the development of a subunit vaccine [6, 9, 15]. In the meantime, the existing plague vaccines will keep being used to protect the population of enzootic areas, the staff of laboratories working with Y .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human response to live plague vaccine EV, Almaty region, Kazakhstan, 2014-2015

Sagiyev

Berdibekov²,

Bolger³

et al. 2019

PLoS ONE

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Background In Kazakhstan, a live plague vaccine EV 76 NIIEG has been used for plague prophylaxis since the mid-1930s. Vaccination is administered yearly among people living in plague-enzootic areas. Similar practices are used in other former Soviet Union countries. Yet, to this day, the effectiveness period of the vaccine is unknown. It is also not clear how different factors can affect the effectiveness of the vaccine over time. Methods We surveyed changes in antibody levels specific for F1 antigens of Yersinia pestis among vaccinated people 4, 8, and 12 months post- vaccination. Blood samples were taken from the participants of the study for producing sera, which was later analyzed using indirect hemagglutination reaction with antigenic erythrocyte assay (micromethod) for identifying antibodies to F1 Y . pestis . Results In first-time-receivers of the plague vaccine, antibody titer reached the highest level of antibody that represents a conditionally protective titer after 4 months, dropped drastically after 8 months, and dropped again after 12 months. Similar results were obtained among those who have been vaccinated previously. However, in that group, the percentage of people with a level of antibody that represents a conditionally protective titer remained statistically significant even after 8 and 12 months. Conclusion Based on the results of this study, we recommend initiating vaccination campaigns for the medical and veterinary staff, as well as the general population four months prior to the springtime epizootics of plague among wild rodents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fewer antibodies were found to the antigens of LcrV and YscF (26% and 36% respectively). Only 2 volunteers had antibodies to YopM (10%) [15]. All the studies aimed at determining the immune status of people vaccinated against plague were either based on single blood sampling or had an insufficient number of subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human response to live plague vaccine EV, Almaty region, Kazakhstan, 2014-2015

Sagiyev

Berdibekov²,

Bolger³

et al. 2019

PLoS ONE

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“…Live attenuated Y. pestis vaccines, such as the EV strain (derived and attenuated in the 1920s by serial passaging a virulent Y. pestis parent strain isolated from a patient identified as EV), have been in use in various parts of the world for decades [129]. Evidence demonstrated that these live vaccine strategies were able to protect against pneumonic and bubonic plague and induced high antibody titers [119,130]. Unfortunately, these vaccines may have severe side effects and systemic reactions in non-human primates [119] and humans [131], and only induce short-lived protection that require annual boosters [132,133].…”

Section: Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plague Prevention and Therapy: Perspectives on Current and Future Strategies

et al. 2021

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Plague, caused by the bacterial pathogen Yersinia pestis, is a vector-borne disease that has caused millions of human deaths over several centuries. Presently, human plague infections continue throughout the world. Transmission from one host to another relies mainly on infected flea bites, which can cause enlarged lymph nodes called buboes, followed by septicemic dissemination of the pathogen. Additionally, droplet inhalation after close contact with infected mammals can result in primary pneumonic plague. Here, we review research advances in the areas of vaccines and therapeutics for plague in context of Y. pestis virulence factors and disease pathogenesis. Plague continues to be both a public health threat and a biodefense concern and we highlight research that is important for infection mitigation and disease treatment.

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