Serologic features of cohorts with variable genetic risk for systemic lupus erythematosus

Abstract

BackgroundSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with genetic, hormonal, and environmental influences. In Western Europe and North America, individuals of West African descent have a 3–4 fold greater incidence of SLE than Caucasians. Paradoxically, West Africans in sub-Saharan Africa appear to have a low incidence of SLE, and some studies suggest a milder disease with less nephritis. In this study, we analyzed sera from African American female SLE patients and four other cohorts, one with SLE and others with varying degrees of risk for SLE in order to identify serologic factors that might correlate with risk of or protection against SLE.MethodsOur cohorts included West African women with previous malaria infection assumed to be protected from development of SLE, clinically unaffected sisters of SLE patients with high risk of developing SLE, healthy African American women with intermediate risk, healthy Caucasian women with low risk of developing SLE, and women with a diagnosis of SLE. We developed a lupus risk index (LRI) based on titers of IgM and IgG anti-double stranded DNA antibodies and levels of C1q.ResultsThe risk index was highest in SLE patients; second highest in unaffected sisters of SLE patients; third highest in healthy African-American women and lowest in healthy Caucasian women and malaria-exposed West African women.ConclusionThis risk index may be useful in early interventions to prevent SLE. In addition, it suggests new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of SLE.

Preclinical Autoimmune Disease: a Comparison of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Multiple Sclerosis and Type 1 Diabetes

“…First-degree relatives of patients with MS have on average a more pro-inflammatory cytokine profile (higher TNFa, lower IL-10), this suggests that differences in cytokine profile may contribute to the pathogenesis of MS (178) The complement system is involved in both SLE and T1D. The presence of C1q deficiency in at-risk SLE individuals, together with increased IgG : IgM anti-dsDNA ratio, may be indicative of disease development (179). C4d has been found to be increased in the pancreas of 25% of T1D patients, while in non-diabetic individuals this percentage decreases to 7% of T1D associated autoantibody positive and 2% of autoantibody negative individuals (180).…”

Problems of early diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus during the COVID-19 pandemic

“…По мере развития «новых» клинических проявлений частота обнаружения и спектр аутоантител нарастают. При этом установлено, что значения соотношения изотипов АНА (IgG/IgM), наиболее низкое у кровных родственников пациентов с СКВ, возрастает у пациентов с «неполной» и кожной волчанкой и достигает наиболее высоких значений при достоверной СКВ [35,36], что отражает «переключение» (сероконверсию) с синтеза «протективного» на «патогенный» изотип АНА.…”

Diagnosis and natural history of preclinical and early inflammatory bowel disease

“…During this period, some antibodies—ANA, anti-Ro, anti-La and anti-phospholipid—tend to appear earlier than others—anti-Sm and anti-RNP—showing the dynamic immune response over time. The antigenic response is accompanied by a humoral response in which some cytokines, such as IP-10, interferon-a and MCP-1 or C1q, are also dysregulated [ 42 , 43 ].…”