Serologic Evidence of Hepatitis A and B Virus Infections in Thalassemia Patients: A Retrospective Study

Stevens, Cladd E.; Silbert, John; Miller, D R; Dienstag, Jules L.; Purcell, R H; Szmuness, Wolf

doi:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1978.18378205147.x

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Serological evidence of HBV infection has been found in 80-100% of hemophiliacs [20], 48% of thalas sémies [17], and in up to 70% of drug addicts [1], Delta infection was shown to be common in polytransfused HBsAg carriers [ 14] and among drug addicts from differ ent parts of the world [6,7]. Prevalence of anti-delta was found to be significantly higher among polytransfused carriers than among non-polytransfused carriers in many parts of the world [14], This strongly suggested that delta agent can be blood-borne and can be transmitted through exposure to blood or its constituents.…”

Section: Serological Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Delta Agent Infection in Arabia: Geographical Distribution and Prevalence of Anti-Delta

El-Hazmi¹,

Ramia²

1986

Vox Sanguinis

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The epidemiology of infection with the recently discovered delta (δ) agent was assessed in Saudi Arabia from the prevalence of antibody to delta (anti-δ) in 488 HBsAg-seropositive subjects from various regions of the country. In the Riyadh area, anti-δ was prevalent in 22.2% of chronic hepatitis B patients compared to 7.9% and 6.7% in active hepatitis B patients and HBsAg carriers, respectively. Anti-δ was also prevalent in HBsAg carriers from Al-Hafouf (5.3%) and Najran (9.6%), but no anti-δ was detected in 40 HBsAg-positive polytransfused thalassémies and in 145 HBsAg carriers from Jaizan and Khaiber. It seems that δ infection is present in only certain regions of Saudi Arabia, and infection is possibly transmitted parenterally in these populations.

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Section: Serological Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Delta Agent Infection in Arabia: Geographical Distribution and Prevalence of Anti-Delta

El-Hazmi¹,

Ramia²

1986

Vox Sanguinis

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“…Transfusionassociated hepatotropic infections, especially HCV infection, and hepatic siderosis can act either synergistically or independently in promoting chronic liver disease, and they may induce cellular damage through similar oxidative pathways [11] . There are no recent data on HAV epidemiology of that group of patients [12][13][14] , and blood transfusion is not considered a significant predisposing factor for HAV infection. In this study, adult beta-thalassemic patients were found to have significantly higher frequency of anti-HAV IgG antibodies than healthy subjects matched for age and sex in the same geographic area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have shown lower prevalence of anti-HAV antibodies in multiply transfused thalassemic patients [12][13][14] . However, in these studies the mean age of thalassemic patients was much lower than that of our population and it is known that seroprevalence rates of HAV are increasing with age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of anti-HAV antibodies in multitransfused patients with beta-thalassemia

Siagris

Kouraklis-Symeonidis²,

Konstantinidou³

et al. 2008

WJG

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AIM:To detect the prevalence of anti-HAV IgG antibodies in adult multitransfused beta-thalassemic patients. METHODS:We studied 182 adult beta-thalassemic patients and 209 controls matched for age and sex from the same geographic area, at the same time. Anti-HAV IgG antibodies, viral markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection were evaluated. RESULTS:Anti-HAV IgG antibodies were detected more frequently in thalassemic patients (133/182; 73.1%) than in healthy controls (38/209; 18.2%, P < 0.0005). When we retrospectively evaluated the prevalence of anti-HAV IgG antibodies in 176/182 (96.7%) thalassemic patients, whose medical history was available for the previous ten years, it was found that 83 (47.2%) of them were continuously anti-HAV IgG positive, 16 (9.1%) acquired anti-HAV IgG antibody during the previous ten years, 49 (27.8%) presented anti-HAV positivity intermittently and 28 (15.9%) were anti-HAV negative continuously. CONCLUSION:Multitransfused adult beta-thalassemic patients present higher frequency of anti-HAV IgG a n t i b o d i e s t h a n n o r m a l p o p u l a t i o n o f t h e s a m e geographic area. This difference is difficult to explain, but it can be attributed to the higher vulnerability of thalassemics to HAV infection and to passive transfer of anti-HAV antibodies by blood transfusions.

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“…For a long time, a viral etiology was suspected for PTH; in 1965, the Australia antigen was discovered and was later called the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) [12][13][14][15] . After the discovery of the hepatitis A virus and its exclusion as the PTH cause, it became clear that a large portion of PTH was caused by other unknown viruses; such infections were called non-A non-B hepatitis (NANB hepatitis) [16][17][18] . In the 1970s and 1980s, extensive research was conducted to establish the etiologic agent of NANB hepatitis, leading to the discovery of the hepatitis C virus in 1989 19,20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive serology for viral hepatitis and donor self-exclusion in Southern Brazil

Maccarini

Nazário

Ferreira

et al. 2013

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction: Despite the great advances in serological testing for transfusion-transmitted infections, the selection of blood donors by blood bank operators remains the only way to avoid transmission within the testing window period. Part of this selection is the self-exclusion form, on which the donors can exclude their blood from donation without any explanation. This study assessed the clinical and epidemiological characteristics related to positivity for viral hepatitis and to the use of the confi dential self-exclusion (CSE) form. Methods: This transversal study analyzed the data collected from blood donors' fi les in a hospital in Southern Brazil. Univariate and multivariate analyses identifi ed the clinical and epidemiological variables related to positive serologies of viral hepatitis and to whether the donor was self-excluded. Results: Of the 3,180 donors included in this study, 0.1% tested positive for HBsAg, 2.1% for anti-HBc, and 0.9% for anti-HCV. When the 93 donors with positive serologies for viral hepatitis were compared with those who were negative, a greater proportion of the positive serology group was found to have had a history of blood transfusions (OR=4.908; 95%CI=1.628 -14.799; p<0.01), had repeatedly donated (OR=2.147; 95%CI=1.236 -3.729; p<0.01), and used the CSE form for self-exclusion (OR=7.139; 95%CI=2.045 -24.923; p<0.01). No variables were independently associated with self-exclusion. Conclusions: A history of blood transfusion, repeated donations, and self-exclusion are factors that should be considered during viral hepatitis screenings in blood banks.

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Serologic Evidence of Hepatitis A and B Virus Infections in Thalassemia Patients: A Retrospective Study

Cited by 27 publications

References 21 publications

Epidemiology of Delta Agent Infection in Arabia: Geographical Distribution and Prevalence of Anti-Delta

Epidemiology of Delta Agent Infection in Arabia: Geographical Distribution and Prevalence of Anti-Delta

Prevalence of anti-HAV antibodies in multitransfused patients with beta-thalassemia

Positive serology for viral hepatitis and donor self-exclusion in Southern Brazil

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