Serologic Evidence of Exposure to Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5 Viruses in Migratory Shorebirds, Australia

Wille, Michelle; Lisovski, Simeon; Risely, Alice; Ferenczi, Marta; Roshier, David A.; Wong, Frank; Breed, A. C.; Klaassen, Marcel; Hurt, Aeron C.

doi:10.3201/eid2510.190699

Cited by 26 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, very little is known about viruses circulating in wild ducks in Australia. Few studies have explored whether seasonal changes affect the presence and abundance of such viruses albeit efforts have been made to understand the avian virus community of Australian wild birds at a given time point 5 , 6 , and the spatiotemporal dynamics of highly pathogenic viruses such as influenza viruses from Australian waterfowl and shorebirds 14 , 15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metagenomic characterisation of avian parvoviruses and picornaviruses from Australian wild ducks

Vibin,

Chamings,

Klaassen

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ducks can shed and disseminate viruses and thus play a role in cross-species transmission. In the current study, we detected and characterised various avian parvoviruses and picornaviruses from wild Pacific black ducks, Chestnut teals, Grey teals and Wood ducks sampled at multiple time points from a single location using metagenomics. We characterised 46 different avian parvoviruses belonging to three different genera Dependoparvovirus, Aveparvovirus and Chaphamaparvovirus, and 11 different avian picornaviruses tentatively belonging to four different genera Sicinivirus , Anativirus , Megrivirus and Aalivirus . Most of these viruses were genetically different from other currently known viruses from the NCBI dataset. The study showed that the abundance and number of avian picornaviruses and parvoviruses varied considerably throughout the year, with the high number of virus reads in some of the duck samples highly suggestive of an active infection at the time of sampling. The detection and characterisation of several parvoviruses and picornaviruses from the individual duck samples also suggests co-infection, which may lead to the emergence of novel viruses through possible recombination. Therefore, as new and emerging diseases evolve, it is relevant to explore and monitor potential animal reservoirs in their natural habitat.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metagenomic characterisation of avian parvoviruses and picornaviruses from Australian wild ducks

Vibin,

Chamings,

Klaassen

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Glycosylation on HA stem sites mainly functions on maintaining the HA structure (Wagner, Heuer, Wolff, Herwig, & Klenk, 2002;Zhang et al, 2015) or cleavage (Yin et al, 2017), and glycosylation on the head sites mainly influences virus binding affinity (Wang et al, 2009) or assists in escaping from immune detection of antibody (Liao et al, 2010;Zost et al, 2017). Recently, the H5 subtype AIV has drastically evolved and alterations in its glycosylation sites have become increasingly complex (Gu et al, 2019;Hillman et al, 2019;Li et al, 2019;Qu et al, 2019;Wille et al, 2019).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycosylation deletion of hemagglutinin head in the H5 subtype avian influenza virus enhances its virulence in mammals by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress

Yin

Sun

et al. 2020

Transbound Emerg Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Influenza viruses are segmented, negative-strand RNA viruses belonging to the family Orthomyxoviridae (Lefkowitz et al., 2018). The H5 subtype of the highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (AIV) infects not only avian organisms but also humans, causing great losses in the poultry industry and threatening public health worldwide (Chang et al., 2014; Dung et al., 2014; Nguyen et al., 2017). Hemagglutinin (HA), one of the most important pathogenic factors in AIV infection, contains several N-glycosylation sites and

show abstract

“…With the recent occurrence of large epidemics and pandemics (e.g. H1N1pdm, ZIKV, SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2), serology has also been established to sentinel pathogens with future pandemic potential 17 , 18 , to quantify post-pandemic attack rates 9 , 19 , or to estimate epidemiological variables of interest for decision-making during epidemics 8 , 20 . In these scenarios characterised by the need for real-time output, seroepidemiology has faced novel challenges, including capacity and test accuracy requirements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time seroprevalence and exposure levels of emerging pathogens in infection-naive host populations

Pinotti

Obolski

Wikramaratna

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

For endemic pathogens, seroprevalence mimics overall exposure and is minimally influenced by the time that recent infections take to seroconvert. Simulating spatially-explicit and stochastic outbreaks, we set out to explore how, for emerging pathogens, the mix of exponential growth in infection events and a constant rate for seroconversion events could lead to real-time significant differences in the total numbers of exposed versus seropositive. We find that real-time seroprevalence of an emerging pathogen can underestimate exposure depending on measurement time, epidemic doubling time, duration and natural variation in the time to seroconversion among hosts. We formalise mathematically how underestimation increases non-linearly as the host’s time to seroconversion is ever longer than the pathogen’s doubling time, and how more variable time to seroconversion among hosts results in lower underestimation. In practice, assuming that real-time seroprevalence reflects the true exposure to emerging pathogens risks overestimating measures of public health importance (e.g. infection fatality ratio) as well as the epidemic size of future waves. These results contribute to a better understanding and interpretation of real-time serological data collected during the emergence of pathogens in infection-naive host populations.

show abstract

Serologic Evidence of Exposure to Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5 Viruses in Migratory Shorebirds, Australia

Cited by 26 publications

References 46 publications

Metagenomic characterisation of avian parvoviruses and picornaviruses from Australian wild ducks

Metagenomic characterisation of avian parvoviruses and picornaviruses from Australian wild ducks

Glycosylation deletion of hemagglutinin head in the H5 subtype avian influenza virus enhances its virulence in mammals by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress

Real-time seroprevalence and exposure levels of emerging pathogens in infection-naive host populations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About