Seroepidemiology of Hepatitis a Virus in Japan

Taylor‐Wiedeman, Jean; Moritsugu, Yasuo; Miyamura, Kikuko; Yamazaki, Shudo

doi:10.7883/yoken1952.40.119

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…All studies revealed very low anti-HAV prevalence among the young population and a gradual increase in anti-HAV positivity after 50 years of age. Moreover, ≥10 year shift in anti-HAV prevalence in each age group was also found between the studies, showing persistent very low anti-HAV prevalence among the general population, especially in young adults under 50 years of age 12–14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Very low prevalence of anti-HAV in Japan: high potential for future outbreak

Yamamoto

Nagashima

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Since the early 21st century, almost all developed countries have had a very low hepatitis A virus antibody (anti-HAV) sero-prevalence profile, as sanitation conditions and health care facilities have been optimized to a universal standard. There has not been a report on anti-HAV prevalence among a large scale population in Japan since 2003. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the current HAV status among the general population in Hiroshima. From each age and sex specific group, a total of 1,200 samples were randomly selected from 7,682 stocked serum samples from residents’ and employees’ annual health check-ups during 2013–2015. Total anti-HAV was detected using Chemiluminescent Enzyme Immunoassay. The overall anti-HAV sero-prevalence was 16.8%. In both males and females, anti-HAV prevalence among individuals between 20–59 years of age was as low as 0.0–2.0%, whilst that among 70 s was as high as 70.0–71.0%. A large number of residents aged under 60 are now susceptible to HAV infection. The cohort reduction trend of anti-HAV in Japan exposes the high possibility of mass outbreak in the future. HAV vaccine especially to younger generation and high risk population may prevent outbreak in Japan.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Very low prevalence of anti-HAV in Japan: high potential for future outbreak

Yamamoto

Nagashima

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…However, the relationship between the seroprevalence of H. pylori and hepatitis A virus is controversial. [36][37][38] Because the incidence of hepatitis A virus infection has markedly decreased in Japan and the seropositivity is less than 1% in children under 14 years, 39 we did not perform hepatitis A serology in this study. However, because fecal-oral transmission has been recently proposed for TTV, 20,21 we sought to investigate TTV and H. pylori prevalence in the same population to examine epidemiological similarities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helicobacter pylori and TT virus prevalence in Japanese children

Kato

Okamoto

Nishino

et al. 2003

Journal of Gastroenterology

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“…4), and in Hong Kong [233,251]. In Japan, HAV infection rates are very low and seroprevalence rates have been steadily declining [235,250,258]. Surveys from across the country report that the age at which more than half of the population has HAV antibodies was above 30 years [246,256] and is increasing [236,250].…”

Section: East Asia and The Pacificmentioning

confidence: 99%

Declining hepatitis A seroprevalence: a global review and analysis

2004

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Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is spread by faecal-oral contact or ingestion of contaminated food or water. Lifelong immunity is conferred by infection or vaccination, so anti-HAV seroprevalence studies can be used to indicate which populations are susceptible to infection. Seroprevalence rates are highly correlated with socioeconomic status and access to clean water and sanitation. Increasing household income, education, water quality and quantity, sanitation, and hygiene leads to decreases in HAV prevalence. Japan, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, the United States, and most European nations have low anti-HAV rates. Although anti-HAV rates remain high in most Latin American, Asian, and Middle Eastern nations, average seroprevalence rates are declining. Surveys from Africa generally indicate no significant decline in anti-HAV rates. Because the severity of illness increases with age, populations with a high proportion of susceptible adults should consider targeted vaccination programmes.

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Seroepidemiology of Hepatitis a Virus in Japan

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Very low prevalence of anti-HAV in Japan: high potential for future outbreak

Very low prevalence of anti-HAV in Japan: high potential for future outbreak

Helicobacter pylori and TT virus prevalence in Japanese children

Declining hepatitis A seroprevalence: a global review and analysis

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