Seroepidemiology of diphtheria and pertussis in Chongqing, China: serology-based evidence of Bordetella pertussis infection

Yao, Ning; Zeng, Qian; Wang, Q.

doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2017.12.009

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Although almost all of subjects (except four) had serum antibodies against diphtheria toxin above the putative lowest protection threshold of 0.01 IU/mL, only 21% of them retained seroprotective levels ≥0.1 IU/mL as those internationally considered to confer full protection. The present study results are in accordance with current knowledge obtained from other seroepidemiological studies [5][6][7][8]. The immune response elicited with one booster dose of both study vaccines against diphtheria and tetanus did not differ in the seroconversion rates or in the GMCs of both antibodies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Factors Influencing Persistence of Diphtheria Immunity and Immune Response to a Booster Dose in Healthy Slovak Adults

et al. 2019

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We assessed the long-term persistence of humoral immunity against diphtheria in adults with childhood vaccination and the immunogenicity of a booster dose considering demographic, behavioural and vaccinating factors. We conducted a trial in 200 healthy Slovak adults aged 24–65 years, immunised against diphtheria in childhood and against tetanus at regular 10–15 year intervals, and receiving a dose of a tetanus-diphtheria toxoid vaccine. The response was determined by ELISA antibody concentrations of paired sera before and at 4 weeks post-vaccination. A seroprotection rate of 21% (95% confidence interval, CI 15.6–27.3%) was found in adults up to 59 years since the last vaccination with seroprotective levels of antibodies against diphtheria ≥0.1 IU/mL and a geometric mean concentration of 0.05 IU/mL. Conversely, seropositive levels ≥0.01 IU/mL were observed in 98% of adults (95% CI 95–99.5%). Booster-induced seroprotection was achieved in 78% of adults (95% CI 71.6–83.5%) clearly depending on pre-booster antibody levels correlating with age and time since the last vaccination. Moreover, only 54.2% of smokers and 53.3% of patients on statins exhibited seroprotection. Booster vaccination against diphtheria was unable to confer seroprotection in all recipients of only childhood vaccination.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Factors Influencing Persistence of Diphtheria Immunity and Immune Response to a Booster Dose in Healthy Slovak Adults

et al. 2019

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“…The problematic vaccine for pertussis was due to changes in process parameters and equipment in 2018 (The Lancet, 2018). The positive rate of anti-pertussis toxin IgG in 944 healthy children in Chongqing was only 1.17% in 2018 (Yao et al, 2018). This low positive rate of anti-pertussis toxin may be related to the immunization programme, as reported previously (Yao et al, 2018), but it is more likely related to the vaccine quality based on our data.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…The positive rate of anti-pertussis toxin IgG in 944 healthy children in Chongqing was only 1.17% in 2018 (Yao et al, 2018). This low positive rate of anti-pertussis toxin may be related to the immunization programme, as reported previously (Yao et al, 2018), but it is more likely related to the vaccine quality based on our data. If an unqualified production process was the main reason for the change in the proportions of the different age groups, this condition would have been in place since at least 2014 because the proportions of 1-5 year and >5 year groups increased from 2015.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Severe Bordetella pertussis infection and vaccine issue in Chongqing, from 2012 to 2018

Liu

Shu

et al. 2019

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Objective: Pertussis is a highly contagious respiratory illness mainly caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Bordetella pertussis. The infection of B. pertussis has been increasing and the current diagnosis of pertussis in children is challenging; little is known of B. pertussis infection in Chongqing. Methods: There were 25,441 children (14,863 male and 10,578 female) with suspected pertussis enrolled in our retrospective study from December 2012 to November 2018. Then 800 children with suspected B. pertussis infection were randomly chosen to be evaluated by simultaneous amplification and testing in this prospective study. Results: Infants younger than 12 months had the greatest burden of pertussis, and the incidence of pertussis in Chongqing appeared to have a periodic pattern. The problem of vaccine quality in China was more serious than previously reported based on the fluctuation of infection rates from 2012 to 2018. Simultaneous amplification and testing to detect B. pertussis RNA (Area Under Curve: 0.900 and Kappa value: 0.831) had better diagnostic performance than real-time PCR for B. pertussis DNA (Area Under Curve: 0.869 and Kappa value: 0.690). Conclusions:We revealed the characteristics of B. pertussis infection and vaccine issues in Chongqing. Simultaneous amplification and testing could be a potential novel assay for measuring B. pertussis infection in the future.

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“…There is variety in defining protective concentrations for anti-Dtx and anti-Ttx IgG in the international literature. Both 0.01 IU/ml [16][17][18] and 0.1 IU/ml [15,19] were used in various studies. For safety reasons, the higher cut off value (0.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The maternal antibody against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis showed distinct regional difference in China

Meng

Qian

et al. 2019

BMC Pediatr

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Background: Passive transferred antibodies to the fetus play an essential role on protecting neonates and young infants until infant vaccination is more efficacious. However, very little is known about the discrepancy of DTP vaccine associated antibodies level in neonates from different economic areas in China. Methods: In 2018, 200 neonates hospitalized in Shunyi Women and Children's Hospital in Beijing, and 238 neonates hospitalized in Qianjiang Central Hospital located in the southwestern mountainous areas were included in this study. Antibodies specific for the antigens covered by DTP vaccine were determined using ELISA Kits (Euroimmun, Lübeck, Germany). The cut off value of ≥0.1 IU/ml (anti-diphtheria, anti-Dtx), > 0.1 IU/ml (anti-tetanus, anti-Ttx) and > 40 IU/ml (anti-pertussis toxin, anti-Ptx) were used to assess the percentage of protected neonates, respectively. Results: The antibody levels in the neonates from Qianjiang (0.04 IU/ml for anti-Dtx IgG and 0.07 IU/ml for anti-Ttx IgG) were significantly lower than those from Shunyi (0.12 IU/ml for anti-Dtx IgG and 0.18 IU/ml for anti-Ttx IgG). The prevalence of protective anti-Dtx and anti-Ttx IgG were lower in the neonates from Qianjiang (7.1% for anti-Dtx IgG and 7.6% for anti-Ttx IgG) than in those from Shunyi (30.5% for anti-Dtx and 38.5% for anti-Ttx). The neonates from Qianjiang also had lower detectable rate of anti-Dtx (57.5%) and anti-Ttx IgG (55.8%) than neonates from Shunyi (97.5% for anti-Dtx and 71.0% for anti-Ttx). However, the detectable rate of anti-Ptx IgG in neonates from Qianjiang (39.9%) was higher significantly than in those from Shunyi (30.5%). Two neonates from Qianjiang have anti-PT IgG ≥100.0 IU/ml, which suggested that their mothers have a recent pertussis course. Conclusions: The regional discrepancy of the protective antibody rates might be caused by different vaccine coverage and pertussis exposure, which suggested the importance of Tdap booster immunization for pregnant women or women at childbearing age, those living undeveloped areas in particular.

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Seroepidemiology of diphtheria and pertussis in Chongqing, China: serology-based evidence of Bordetella pertussis infection

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

Factors Influencing Persistence of Diphtheria Immunity and Immune Response to a Booster Dose in Healthy Slovak Adults

Factors Influencing Persistence of Diphtheria Immunity and Immune Response to a Booster Dose in Healthy Slovak Adults

Severe Bordetella pertussis infection and vaccine issue in Chongqing, from 2012 to 2018

The maternal antibody against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis showed distinct regional difference in China

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