Seroepidemiological study of Caseous lymphadenitis in sheep from the Northeast region of Brazil using an indirect ELISA

Alves, José Romero Alexandre; Farias, Areano Ethério Moreira de; Anjos, Denize Monteiro dos; Lima, Anna Monteiro Correia; Faccioli-Martins, Patrícia Yoshida; Souza, C. J. H. de; Pinheiro, R. R.; Alves, F. S. F.; Azevêdo, Sérgio Santos de; Alves, Clebert José

doi:10.1007/s11250-020-02214-9

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Similar findings have been reported previously in sheep and goats using PCR detection of the bacteria from the lymph nodes by (28) and from lymph nodes of mice by (29). Based on standard microbiology methods including colony characteristics, Gram staining and biochemical tests all isolates showed the characteristics of C. pseudotuberculosis as mentioned by (30,31). However, there is variability in characteristics of the species within the Corynebacterium genus; consequently, molecular technique such as PCR technique was developed to confirm the detection of the bacterium.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Prevalence and molecular investigation of caseous lymphadenitis among the slaughtered sheep at Duhok Abattoirs; experimental infection with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in rabbits

Issa¹,

Fatah²,

Taha³

et al. 2021

IJVS

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Caseous lymphadenitis is a chronic infection caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis that affects the lymphatic system, resulting in abscesses in the lymph nodes and internal organs. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence rate of caseous lymphadenitis among slaughtered sheep in Duhok abattoirs, Duhok, Iraq and to investigate to what extend rabbits can develop caseous lymphadenitis just like that in sheep. A total of 1052 carcasses of sheep were randomly selected (939 males and 113 females) and carefully inspected for detection any suspected caseous lymph adenitis. The isolated Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis from lymph nodes of sheep carcasses were identified by PCR before used in in vivo infection in rabbits. Data revealed that the prevalence rate of caseous lymphadenitis was at 1.9% among the slaughtered sheep and the prevalence rates were higher in females and older ages than that of males and younger ages, respectively. Experimentally infected rabbits developed various clinical signs were ranging from in inappetence to sudden death, mainly during first week of infection. Histopathologically, the infected rabbits developed caseous lymphadenitis and pyogranuloma after a time point of 10 days post-infection. Liver, spleen and lymph nodes of infected rabbits showed caseonecrotic foci with multiple micro-granulomas with presence of thick pyogenic membrane infiltrated with leukocytic cells; these findings are strictly resemblance to that reported in sheep. The obtained preliminary data of using rabbits as an animal model is promising which will enhance a better understanding the pathogenesis of caseous lymphadenitis in animals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Prevalence and molecular investigation of caseous lymphadenitis among the slaughtered sheep at Duhok Abattoirs; experimental infection with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in rabbits

Issa¹,

Fatah²,

Taha³

et al. 2021

IJVS

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“…Demonstra-se nesse estudo a importância do exame físico, pois este possibilitou a geração da hipótese diagnóstica de LC, pela presença de retração tecidual compatível com características de processo cicatricial em linfonodo submandibular e condições clínicas do exemplar. Contudo, enfatiza-se que o diagnóstico da LC pode ser feito através do exame microbiológico, sorologia ou detecção da bactéria através da PCR, contribuindo para o controle inclusive em situações de infecção subclínica [1].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Conclui-se que a observação do rebanho e realização do exame físico são ferramentas fundamentais para levantamento da hipótese diagnóstica ante mortem, indicando exames complementares que permitam a confirmação da doença e o controle da disseminação no rebanho, uma vez que a afecção leva a grandes perdas econômicas aos produtores e prejudicando a saúde e qualidade de vida dos animais. MANUFACTURERS 1 Ceva Saúde Animal Ltda. Paulínea, SP, Brazil.…”

Section: Cr635unclassified

“…O diagnóstico é feito através do exame clínico dos animais, microbiológico, sorologia ou detecção da bactéria através da reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR), contribuindo para o controle inclusive em situações de infecção subclínica [1]. Contudo na forma visceral da doença o diagnóstico ocorre apenas na ocasião do abate dos animais, sendo importante a observação na progressão de caquexia, anemia, hiperplasia de linfonodos superficiais e dispneia [8].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Intestinal Caseous Lymphadenitis in Sheep

Martins¹,

Carneiro²,

Diniz³

et al. 2021

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Caseous Lymphadenitis (CL) is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, which is considered the main agent responsible for abscess lesions. In the visceral form it can affect the internal organs of sheep and goats, which could negatively affect animal health and cause large economic losses for producers.Case: This study aims to report a case of intestinal CL in sheep, with suspected diagnosis during physical examination and identification during the performance of the oophorectomy procedure, adopted as a management approach. It is a mixed breed sheep, aged over 5 years; weight 28 kg; emaciated on physical examination; with pale pink and moist eyelid mucosa; heart and respiratory rate: 81 beats/min and 22 movements/min, respectively; body temperature 39.2°C; ruminal movements at 1 movement/min; without identification of lymphadenomegaly on palpation, however, it was observed that the right submandibular lymph node presented tissue retraction compatible with the healing process. For the surgical procedure, an 18-h fast was used and pre-anesthetic medication with 2% xylazine (0.1 mg/kg), 10% ketamine (5 mg/kg) and 50 mg/mL tramadol (2 mg/kg) administrated intramuscularly. The animal was placed in the left lateral decubitus position, then was performed trichotomy and epidural administration of 2% lidocaine (4 mg/kg) and maintenance with propofol 10 mg/mL intravenous dose-effect and oxygen mask 3 liters/min, antibiotic prophylaxis was performed with 10% enrofloxacin (2.5 mg/kg). Flank oophorectomy was performed according to the classic technique and during abdominal inspection, abscess lesions were found in the mesentery and intestinal loops. Incisional biopsy was performed to collect samples in the jejunal segment. At the end of the procedure, 50 mg/mL (2.2 mg/kg) of flunixin meglumine was administered intravenously. A 0.6 cm x 0.2 cm sample, was submitted to histological analysis, which showed the presence of central necrosis areas formed by concentric lamellae, with the presence of large bacterial colonies and foci of mineralization, surrounded by a strip of inflammatory infiltrate with epithelial macrophages and few neutrophils. In the adjacent layer, lymphocytes and plasmocytes were found and the entire lesion was delimited by fibrous conjunctive tissue, compatible with lesions caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, the causative agent of CL. During the whole postoperative period the animal was kept isolated from the herd. Due to the unfavorable prognosis and histological confirmation of visceral CL, euthanasia was indicated. The animal was sent for necropsy and no lesions compatible with CL were found in other organs or tissues besides the anatomical structures where the lesions were previously described (intestine and mesentery).Discussion: As it is an infectious disease, isolation and euthanasia should be indicated in cases of CL, in order to not compromise the health of the herd. Thus, justifying the orientation of euthanasia after histological confirmation. The case did not have other possibilities of diagnostic aid, however, histological lesions of CL are characteristic but not pathognomonic, as it could be confused with lesions caused by other pyogenic pathogens. In this way, clinical considerations and complementary exams are relevant to support the diagnostic. To conclude, the observation and physical examination of the herd were fundamental tools for raising the diagnostic hypothesis ante mortem. Complementary tests allowed the confirmation of the disease and prevented the spread in the herd, which could lead to large economic losses for producers and negatively affect animal health.

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Factors associated with the seroprevalence of caseous lymphadenitis in sheep from Northeastern Brazil

Alves

Farias

Silva

et al. 2020

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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Seroepidemiological study of Caseous lymphadenitis in sheep from the Northeast region of Brazil using an indirect ELISA

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Prevalence and molecular investigation of caseous lymphadenitis among the slaughtered sheep at Duhok Abattoirs; experimental infection with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in rabbits

Prevalence and molecular investigation of caseous lymphadenitis among the slaughtered sheep at Duhok Abattoirs; experimental infection with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in rabbits

Intestinal Caseous Lymphadenitis in Sheep

Factors associated with the seroprevalence of caseous lymphadenitis in sheep from Northeastern Brazil

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