Seroconversion against<i>Lutzomyia longipalpis</i>Saliva Concurrent with the Development of Anti–<i>Leishmania chagasi</i>Delayed‐Type Hypersensitivity

Gomes, Régis; Brodskyn, Cláudia; Oliveira, Camila I. de; Costa, Juliana Nunes de Almeida; Miranda, José Carlos; Caldas, Arlene de Jesus Mendes; Valenzuela, Jesús G.; Barral‐Netto, Manoel; Barral, Aldina

doi:10.1086/344733

Cited by 114 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In both reports, IgG levels significantly correlated with cellular IR, serving as epidemiological marker of sand fly exposure. Individuals naturally exposed in an endemic area predominantly recognize a salivary protein of 45 kDa, followed by proteins of 44, 43, 35, 17, and 16 kDa [19]. Such findings agree with the observations of the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…longipalpis salivary components present immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties [7,21,31], the development of DTH-like reactions to Lu. longipalpis SGS exposure in experimental models [25] and in individuals from endemic areas [19] suggests that these components elicit host-specific IR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…longipalpis, a vector of L. chagasi [18,19]. Intriguingly, this serological response correlated with a delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction against L. chagasi [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Intriguingly, this serological response correlated with a delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction against L. chagasi [18,19]. Furthermore, there was a simultaneous appearance of anti-saliva humoral response and anti-L. chagasi cell-mediated immunity [19], favoring the hypothesis that induction of IR against SGS may influence the generation of an IR against leishmaniasis. Nevertheless, in vitro experiments demonstrate that SGS from Lu.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…longipalpis saliva IgG subtypes was performed on Maxisorb plates (Nunc, Roskilde, Denmark) as previously described [19]. In brief, Lu.…”

Section: Quantification Of Anti-lu Longipalpis Saliva Igg Subtypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human anti‐saliva immune response following experimental exposure to the visceral leishmaniasis vector, Lutzomyia longipalpis

et al. 2007

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Experiments in animals verified that phlebotomine saliva enhances Leishmania infection, and vaccination with saliva prevents disease. We have shown that individuals from an endemic area of visceral leishmaniasis displayed robust antibody responses to saliva from the vector Lutzomyia longipalpis, which correlated with anti-parasite cellmediated immunity. Here, we explored human anti-saliva responses following exposure to sand flies, using an in vivo bite model in which normal volunteers were exposed four times to 30 laboratory-reared Lu. longipalpis. Following the third exposure, normal volunteers developed diverse dermatological reactions at the site of insect bite. Serum from normal volunteers displayed high levels of anti-salivary gland sonicate IgG1, IgG4 and IgE as well as several salivary gland proteins. Furthermore, following in vitro stimulation with salivary gland sonicate, there was an increased frequency of CD4 + CD25 + and CD8 + CD25 + T cells as well as IFN-c and IL-10 synthesis. Strikingly, 1 year after the first exposure, PBMC from the volunteers displayed recall IFN-c responses that correlated with a significant reduction in infection rates using a macrophage-lymphocyte autologous culture. Together, these data suggest that human immunization against sand fly saliva is feasible and recall responses are obtained even 1 year after exposure, opening perspectives for vaccination in man.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…longipalpis, a vector of L. chagasi [18,19]. Intriguingly, this serological response correlated with a delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction against L. chagasi [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…longipalpis saliva IgG subtypes was performed on Maxisorb plates (Nunc, Roskilde, Denmark) as previously described [19]. In brief, Lu.…”

Section: Quantification Of Anti-lu Longipalpis Saliva Igg Subtypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human anti‐saliva immune response following experimental exposure to the visceral leishmaniasis vector, Lutzomyia longipalpis

et al. 2007

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Gut Hypersensitivity Related Symptoms

Farmer

Peiris

Aziz

2013

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

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Effect of salivary gland extract ofLeishmania vector,Lutzomyia longipalpis, on leukocyte migration in OVA-induced immune peritonitis

Monteiro¹,

Nogueira²,

Souza³

et al. 2005

Eur. J. Immunol.

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Salivary gland extracts (SGE) from Lutzomyia longipalpis potentate L. major infection by inducing a Th2 immune response. However, the effect of SGE on the effector phase of immune response is not known. Herein, we demonstrate that SGE inhibited neutrophil migration in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced peritonitis in immunized mice. SGE pretreatment of mice inhibited OVA-induced CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocyte migration. The OVA-induced production of TNF-a, IL-1b and leukotriene B4 (LTB 4 ), neutrophil chemotactic mediators in this model, were inhibited by SGE. On the other hand, SGE enhanced production of IL-10 and IL-4. In naive mice, SGE also blocked LTB 4 -induced neutrophil migration, but not that induced fMLP. Moreover, co-incubation of LTB 4 (but not fMLP, TNF-a and MIP-1a) with SGE inhibited the ability of LTB 4 to induce neutrophil migration in vivo and in vitro. Altogether, the results suggest that SGE has anti-inflammatory properties that are associated with inhibition of TNF-a and LTB 4 production and/or with the neutrophil chemotactic activity of LTB 4 . The effectiveness of SGE in inhibiting neutrophil migration and inflammatory mediators release in a Th1 immune inflammatory response model reinforces the need for isolation of the compounds responsible for these activities, which could be used as prototypes for the development new anti-inflammatory drugs. IntroductionParticipation of vector saliva in disease transmission has long been recognized. Saliva inoculated during blood feeding modulates the immune response allowing the infection to become established [1][2][3]. On the other hand, anti-vector saliva immunity may protect the host against some vector-borne diseases [4][5][6][7]. In leishmaniasis, there is evidence that the saliva of the vectors Lutzomyia and Phlebotomus contains substances with immunosuppressor, vasodilatator, anti-platelet and anticlotting activities [8][9][10][11][12][13]. In addition to increasing the hemorrhagic pool where sand flies feed [8,14], salivary components also induce host immunosuppression, which is fundamental for the establishment of Leishmania infection [10,[15][16][17][18][19] production and antigen presentation by infected macrophages [20][21][22]. Furthermore, they inhibit Th1 induction, enhancing the Th2-type response with an increase of IL-4 and IL-10 in the infection [23][24][25]. A predominance of the Th1 response has been reported in several inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, glomerulonephritis, and immune vasculitis [26][27][28][29]. The participation of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of tissue lesions in these diseases has long been recognized [30][31][32][33]. These cells are important sources of substances that promote tissue damage, such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, lysosomal enzymes and metalloproteases [34,35]. Indeed, the efficacy of the so-called disease modifying anti-inflammatory drugs in several inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis is usually associated with their ability to decrease neutro...

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Seroconversion againstLutzomyia longipalpisSaliva Concurrent with the Development of Anti–Leishmania chagasiDelayed‐Type Hypersensitivity

Cited by 114 publications

References 13 publications

Human anti‐saliva immune response following experimental exposure to the visceral leishmaniasis vector, Lutzomyia longipalpis

Human anti‐saliva immune response following experimental exposure to the visceral leishmaniasis vector, Lutzomyia longipalpis

Gut Hypersensitivity Related Symptoms

Effect of salivary gland extract ofLeishmania vector,Lutzomyia longipalpis, on leukocyte migration in OVA-induced immune peritonitis

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