Sero-prevalence status of foot and mouth disease in the North Western Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia

Abstract

A cross-sectional survey was conducted on serum samples collected from North and South Gondar zones of North Western Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia to determine the sero-prevalence of foot and mouth diseases in bovine species. The samples were processed with the nonstructural protein (NSP) enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that can able to differentiate foot and mouth disease (FMD) naturally infected vaccinated animals. From the total sera tested, the overall sero-prevalence of foot and mouth disease in cattle at the North and South Gondar zones was 14.9% (86/578). The prevalence rate was high in North Gondar, 17.8% (66/370), as compared to 9.6% (20/208) in South Gondar and the difference was statistically significant (χ² =7.108, p=0.008). Highest sero-prevalence was observed at Metema (62.5%), Quara (46.7%) and Alefa Takusa (34.9%) districts of North Gondar zone, which are bordering with Sudan. The difference among the districts is also statistically significant (χ²=141.115, p=0.0001). There was also a significant association between seropositivity and age groups (χ²=9.483, P=0.009) but there was no significant association between the seropositivity and sex (χ²=0.623, p=0.430). This information on sero surveillance of foot and mouth disease in cattle is important for further epidemiological studies towards developing effective foot and mouth disease control strategies, particularly in these areas where animal movement is not restricted.Keywords: Cattle, Seroprevalence, FMD, North West Amhara Region, 3ABC ELISA

Seroprevalence, serotyping, and associated risk factors of Foot and mouth diseases in Bovine in Western Amhara regional state, North western Ethiopia

“…Similarly, in previous studies, conducted in central Ethiopia, crossbred cattle were 2.79 times more likely than local cattle to seropositivity of the disease (14), and in another study from West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia, crossbred cattle were 6 times more likely than local cattle in seropositivity (15). In this study, the sex group was not statistically signi cant and it was in agreement with many previous studies ( 16); (8); (12).…”

“…in addition, it may be due to exporting of animals than importing in the area. In the south Gondar Zone districts, Tesfaye and his colleagues reported that the prevalence of the disease in the area was 9.6% (12). However, it was 3.6% in the current study; this may be due to variations in selected peasant associations.…”

“…There was no statistically signi cant difference among age groups in this study and it is congruent with the report of (3) from Bale Zone, Oromiya regional state, Ethiopia. However, studies conducted from different parts of the country showed that age groups statistically associated with disease occurrence (8); ( 9); (12). The difference could be attributed to age delegation among researchers.…”

Study on Major Health Problems and Constraints of Dairy Cattle in and Around Hawassa Town

“…Uterine paresis, abortion, stress, late or premature birth, dystocia, twinning, infections, seasonal and hormonal disorders, immune suppression vitamin, and mineral deficiencies have been identified as causes of RFM by Beagley, et al [41]. In this study, the prevalence of clinical FMD (16.5%) was lower than the reports done by Misgana, et al [42] in Bale (two districts and one dairy farm) was 21.59% and Tesfaye [43] who reported the prevalence done 21% in Borana pastoral area. Additionally, at the animal level, the prevalence of the current study (9.2%) was lower than the results (17.7%) by Haftu, et al [44] in Eastern Zone of Tigray, Ayelet, et al [45] in Guji zone in Oromia (32.7%) and Yeka district of Addis Ababa, with the prevalence of 30%.…”

Seroprevalence and associated risk factors for foot and mouth disease virus seropositivity in cattle in selected districts of Gamo zone, Southern Ethiopia

“…There is strong agreement with the findings of Megerssa et al (35) and Mesfine et al (27), who reported that animals found in midlands and highlands were 83% (OR = 0.17, CI = 0.04-0.85) less likely to be seropositive for FMD than lowland animals. Similarly, Tesfaye et al (42) found significant differences between areas of different altitudes with a prevalence of 53.6% and 10.1% at low and high altitudes, respectively. This prevalence variation arises due to an increase in exposure of animals to the putative risk factors in lowland areas.…”