Sero-prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and its risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at Aminu Kano teaching hospital, Kano, Nigeria

Yakasai, Ibrahim Adamu; Rabiu, Ayyuba; Abubakar, Idris Suleiman; Ibrahim, Saidu

doi:10.4103/2278-960x.104297

Cited by 53 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The difference could be attributed to variations in sample size, study period and poor practices of infection prevention strategies. Interestingly we found that factors such as educational status, tattooing, home delivery, blood transfusion and history of tooth extraction were not statistically associated with HBV infection that are consistent with the findings reported in Nigeria [26] and in Sudan [32] but inconsistent with other studies [14, 15, 33]. These differences could be due to variations in sample size, duration of study and safety precautions being taken.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Hepatitis B Virus Infections and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Clinic at Deder Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia

Umare¹,

Seyoum

Gobena

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious public health problem worldwide. Reports have shown that 68,600 people die of HBV infection and more than 300,000 deaths due to liver cancer secondary to hepatitis B every year globally. Women who are infected with HBV can vertically transmit the infection to their infants. This study aims to determine the prevalence of HBV infection and associated factors among pregnant women.Methods and FindingsA hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women who attended antenatal care clinic (ANC) for routine pregnancy check-up between 18 March 2015 and 15 May 2015. Data were collected by face to face interview using a pre-tested questionnaire. Serum was withdrawn for each study subject and used to test for Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test kit. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between explanatory variables and outcome variable. The prevalence of HBV infection was found to be 6.9%. Interestingly, the history of abortion (AOR 10.9; 95% CI: 2.2–53.9), nose piercing (AOR 9.1; 95% CI: 1.34–61.79), surgical procedure (AOR 12.8; 95% CI: 1.68–97.06) and history of multiple sexual partners (AOR 16.8; 95% CI: 3.18–89.06) were significant predictors of HBV infection.ConclusionsThis study determined that the prevalence of HBV infection among pregnant women was 6.9%, implying that it is high-intermediate endemic area, which is important public health issue needs to be addressed. History of abortion, nose piercing, surgical procedures and multiple sexual partners were significantly associated with this viral infection. Accordingly we advocate that health education programs on the mode of HBV transmission, high-risk behaviors and methods of preventions should be instituted at antenatal care clinics to raise the awareness of mothers and limit the spread of infection. It is also advisable to implement nosocomial infection prevention strategies to prevent the transmissions of HBV through health care related activities such as surgical procedures. Furthermore, all pregnant women should be screened for HBV, treated if necessary to reduce their viral loads and their children vaccinated at birth with the single-dose hepatitis B vaccine to break the cycle of mother-to-child transmission.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Hepatitis B Virus Infections and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Clinic at Deder Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia

Umare¹,

Seyoum

Gobena

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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“…Yakasai et, al. [9] reported a prevalence of 7.9% HBsAg in pregnant women in Kano, Nigeria. While Oladeinde et, al.…”

Section: Issn: 2514-4138mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus (Hbv) and Hepatitis C Virus (Hcv) and their effects on serum albumin and liver aminotransferases in pregnant women in Jos

FC¹,

Ndako²,

EA³

2017

Virol Res Rev

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Infections due to Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C viruses are significant health problems around the globe, Nigeria inclusive. Asymptomatic Hepatitis B and C infections are common and when occurring in pregnancy can be transmitted to the new born. To determine the prevalence rate of asymptomatic hepatitis B and C infections among pregnant women, 406 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at University Health centre and Our Lady of Apostle hospital, all in Jos, Plateau State were recruited for the study. The study was also carried out to determine whether liver aminotransferases and serum albumin can be affected by hepatitis infection during pregnancy. Demographic and past clinical histories were obtained using a questionnaire. Serum samples from each study subject were tested using third-generation enzyme immunoassay kits for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies against hepatitis C (HCV). Serum Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities were also estimated in all subjects using Reitman-Frankel method. Also serum albumin was measured in all subjects using Bromocresol green (BCG) method by Teitz. The results showed that 10.0% and 1.2% of the 406 blood samples tested positive on HBV and HCV, respectively. Furthermore, 1.2% of the 406 blood samples tested positive with both HBV and HCV. The mean AST levels for HBsAg negative and positive subjects were 10.55 ± 0.05 and 12.16 ± 0.29, respectively while the mean ALT levels were 5.54 ± 0.005 and 8.01 ± 0.01, respectively. The mean AST for anti-HCV negative and positive subject were 10.67 ± 0.01 and 9.01 ± 0.05, respectively while ALT were 5.71 ± 0.01 and 4.01 ± 0.05, respectively. There was a significant increase in levels of AST and ALT between the HBsAg positive and negative pregnant subjects (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the mean serum albumin level for HBsAg positive and negative pregnant subjects were 30.60 ± 2.75 and 35.58 ± 3.82, respectively. Also, the mean albumin level for HCV positive and negative pregnant subjects were 28.5 ± 2.12 and 35.55 ± 3.7, respectively. There was a significant increase in albumin level between HBsAg and HCV positive and negative pregnant subjects (P < 0.05). HBV and HCV infection can be present in pregnant women and can alter liver aminotransferases and serum albumin. Routine screening of pregnant women for HBV and HCV should be instituted in order to detect infection early and prevent or reduce vertical or prenatal transmission.

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“…In Nigeria the following prevalence has been documented; Saidu et al [8] reported 6.51% among pregnant women in Sokoto, Nigeria. Yakasai et al [9] reported a prevalence of 7.9% among pregnant women in Kano, Nigeria. While in the South East, Ezeani et al [10] reported 7% among pregnant women and Oluboyo et al [11] reported 6% in pregnant women in Nnewi, South East Nigeria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphocyte Transformation of Hepatitis B Virus Infected Pregnant Women, Attending Specialist Hospital Sokoto

Onwuliri

Onyenekwe

Yeldu

et al. 2020

JAMMR

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa with high morbidity and mortality. Vertical transmission is a significant contributor of new cases. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HBV infection, to assess the immune competence of Hepatitis B (HB) viral infected pregnant women using lymphocyte transformation. It was a cross sectional comparative observational study. Simple random sampling technique was applied. One hundred HB infected pregnant women and one hundred controls were recruited. Data were analysed using SPSS (version 23) software. A P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The results recorded showed a prevalence of 6.6%. The percentage lymphocyte transformation was significantly lower (p < 0.05) for HBV infected subjects compared with control. The rate of lymphocyte transformation with Phytohaemagglutinin was significantly lower (p < 0.05) when compared with Concanavalin A. Conclusively HB infection affects the adaptive immune response. Pregnant women should be screened for Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg) during routine Antenatal clinic and Concanavalin A based drugs should be recommended for HB infected pregnant women.

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Sero-prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and its risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at Aminu Kano teaching hospital, Kano, Nigeria

Cited by 53 publications

References 20 publications

Hepatitis B Virus Infections and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Clinic at Deder Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia

Hepatitis B Virus Infections and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Clinic at Deder Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia

Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus (Hbv) and Hepatitis C Virus (Hcv) and their effects on serum albumin and liver aminotransferases in pregnant women in Jos

Lymphocyte Transformation of Hepatitis B Virus Infected Pregnant Women, Attending Specialist Hospital Sokoto

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