Sero-prevalence of Bovine Brucellosis in and Around Kombolcha, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia

Tesfaye, Genetu; Wondimu, Alemzewud; Asebe, Getahun; Regasa, Fikiru; Mamo, Gezahegne

doi:10.4172/2161-1068.1000242

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The current finding was consistent with earlier findings of Asmare (2004) who reported 2.5% prevalence in Sidama zone dairy farms by using the same tests and management practices; Waktole et al (2018) who reported a prevalence of 3% in selected dairy farms of Bishoftu town, Oromia region; Asmare et al (2007) documented a seroprevalence of 2.46% in sidama zone and Tesfaye et al (2017) who observed 2.08% seroprevalence in and around Kombolcha, Amhara regional state.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Bovine brucellosis: Seroprevalence and its potential risk factors in smallholder dairy farms in Hawassa Town, Southern Ethiopia

Abera¹,

Denek²,

Tolosa³

2019

Ethiop. Vet. J.

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Bovine brucellosis is an infectious zoonotic disease causing significant economical loses in dairy industry. A cross-sectional study was carried out between October 2017 and July 2018 to estimate the seroprevalence and its associated risk factors in smallholder dairy farms in Hawassa town, Southern Ethiopia. A total of 370 blood samples were collected from cross-bred and local indigenous dairy cattle of above six months of age. One stage cluster sampling technique was used to get the sample of interest. Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) was used as a screening, while serum samples testing positive to RBPT were subjected for complement fixation test (CFT) to confirm. Consequently, RBPT detected 18 of the 370 samples positive for brucellosis exposure. The positive sera when further retested using CFT, 10 out of the 18 RBPT positive sera were confirmed to be positive. The individual animal level prevalence of bovine brucellosis in the study area was 2.7% and the herd-level prevalence was 25.8%. Higher prevalence was observed in larger herd sizes than the small and medium herds (p<0.05). Likewise, parity number greater than six had more positive animals (p<0.05) than the corresponding group with lower parity number. Multivariable logistic regression anlysis revealed that herd sizes (

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Bovine brucellosis: Seroprevalence and its potential risk factors in smallholder dairy farms in Hawassa Town, Southern Ethiopia

Abera¹,

Denek²,

Tolosa³

2019

Ethiop. Vet. J.

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“…If the animal is not pregnant, the infected animal may be without clinical symptoms and may have a negative serological reaction. However, if such an animal becomes pregnant, the production of the simple carbohydrate erythritol in the fetus and its membranes causes rapid multiplication of bacteria in the uterus, and this is likely to end in abortion ( 44 ). In this study, a 77.78% (14/18) estrus rate was recorded in blue foxes after infection by B. melitensis .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Retrospective Survey of the Abortion Outbreak Event Caused by Brucellosis at a Blue Fox Breeding Farm in Heilongjiang Province, China

et al. 2021

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Brucellosis is a common zoonosis in China, resulting in abortion in animals. Outbreaks of abortion in blue foxes caused by Brucella infection have rarely been reported. In the present study, 3–5 mL blood samples collected from the femoral veins of 10 abortuses of blue foxes were assessed by RBPT (Rose Bengal plate test) and SAT (serum tube agglutination test) to preliminarily investigate the source of infection for the clustering of abortion events at a blue fox farm in Heilongjiang Province. Screening experiments showed that all 10 blood samples were positive in the RBPT, while only eight blood samples out of the 10 were positive in the SAT. Subsequently, 10 tissue samples (spleen, lungs, stomach contents, and afterbirth) from the same 10 foxes were assessed using AMOS (acronym for B. abortus, melitensis, ovis, and suis)-PCR (polymerase chain reaction), and sequencing analysis was performed on amplification products to verify the results of the serology survey. Results showed a spectral band of ~731 bp in these samples. BLAST showed sequences of AMOS-PCR products in this study to be 100% similar (E = 0.0) to sequences in B. melitensis strain from GenBank. These data preliminarily indicated that the blue fox's outbreak of abortion events was caused by brucellosis via the B. melitensis strain. Then 726 serum samples were tested by RBPT and SAT to determine the prevalence of brucellosis on the farm. A comprehensive epidemiological and reproductive status survey of the infected blue fox population was performed. The seropositive rate was found to be 67.90% (493/726) by RBPT and 41.32% (300/726) by SAT. The technicians had stopped feeding the foxes with chicken carcasses and instead fed them raw ground sheep organs (lungs, tracheae, placentae, and dead sheep fetuses) infected by B. meliteneis strains, and that this change in diet caused the outbreak of abortion events. The high abortion rate (55%) and low cub survival rate (65%) were the most distinctive features of the outbreak; these factors led to severe economic losses. Feeding cooked sheep/goat offal and strict breeding management is necessary for disease prevention.

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“…The disease primarily affects cattle, buffalo, bison, pigs, goats, sheep, dogs, elk, and camels and occasionally horses [7]. The predilection sites are the male and female reproductive tracts, making it mainly a disease of sexually mature animals.The formation of the simple carbohydrate eryhritol in the fetus and its membranes, however, causes tremendous bacterial proliferation in the uterus and is likely to result in abortion [8]. Animals can contract the disease by licking contaminated placentae, fetuses, or the genitalia of infected female animals soon after abortion or delivery, as well as consuming polluted pastures, feed, and water.Human brucellosis can be brought on by Brucella abortus, Brucella melitensis, Brucella Suis, and Brucella canis, but not by Brucella ovis or Brucella neotomae [9].…”

Section: Introduction Backgroundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sero-Prevalence, Epidemiology, and Public Health Significance of Small Ruminant Brucellosis

Senbeta,

Negash,

Tadese

et al. 2023

JHTD

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Brucellosis is a common zoonosis that is primarily spread from cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, and camels through direct contact with blood, fetuses from the placenta, or uterine secretions, as well as through consumption of contaminated raw animal products (especially unpasteurized milk and soft cheeses) in areas where it is endemic. Therefore, the objective of this paper are to explain the Current Epidemiological Aspects of Brucellosis and the Importance of Smallruminant Brucellosis for Public Health and briefly illustrate the Economic Importance of Smallruminant Brucellosis. Aborted fetuses, fetal membranes, vaginal secretions, and milk from sick sheep and goats are all potential sources of infection. Gram-negative, facultative, intracellular bacteria known as Brucella are the main cause of brucellosis. B. ovis, which affects sheep, and B. melitensis, which primarily affects goats, are the two species of the Brucella genus that cause small ruminant brucellosis. Abortion in the latter trimester of pregnancy, stillbirth, and the birth of poor offspring in females, and acute orchitis and epididymitis in males, are the main symptoms in naturally infected sheep and goats. Worldwide, brucellosis affects domestic animals like cattle, sheep, goats, camels, and pigs. It poses a serious economic challenge to the intense and widespread livestock production systems in the tropics as well as a risk to the general public's health. Diagnostic procedures can be divided into two groups: those that reveal the existence of the organisms, and those that reveal an immune response to its antigens. Generally speaking, it is not attempted to treat infected cattle due to the high treatment failure rate, expense, and potential issues associated with retaining infected animals in the face of ongoing eradication attempts. Effective vaccination and hygienic practices would lessen the spread of the disease in/from endemic regions. In order to control the disease in humans, prevention of the disease in reservoir hosts is crucial. Tested and slaughtered animals should then be properly disposed of.Government, public health officials, and veterinarians must work together to decrease the economic and zoonotic implications of brucellosis.

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Sero-prevalence of Bovine Brucellosis in and Around Kombolcha, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Bovine brucellosis: Seroprevalence and its potential risk factors in smallholder dairy farms in Hawassa Town, Southern Ethiopia

Bovine brucellosis: Seroprevalence and its potential risk factors in smallholder dairy farms in Hawassa Town, Southern Ethiopia

A Retrospective Survey of the Abortion Outbreak Event Caused by Brucellosis at a Blue Fox Breeding Farm in Heilongjiang Province, China

Sero-Prevalence, Epidemiology, and Public Health Significance of Small Ruminant Brucellosis

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