Sero-prevalence and associated risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection among voluntary counseling testing and anti retroviral treatment clinic attendants in Adwa hospital, northern Ethiopia

Atsbaha, Ataklti Hailu; Dejen, Tsehaye Asmelash; Belodu, Rashmi; Getachew, Konjit; Saravanan, Muthupandian; Wasihun, Araya Gebreyesus

doi:10.1186/s13104-016-1936-3

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“… 25 Furthermore, the observed rate of exposure to HCV infection (3.1%) was lower than the previous result in the same hospital (10.5%). 26 However, reports of 6.6% in north Ethiopia (Adawa), 27 6% in Mekelle, 28 5% in Gondar 19 were in agreement with the current finding. The mean anti-HCV prevalence of 6.9% in sub-Saharan Africa was also similar to our result.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Coinfections with hepatitis B and C virus and syphilis among HIV-infected clients in Southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Shimelis¹,

Tassachew²,

Tadewos³

et al. 2017

HIV

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IntroductionHepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are hepatotropic viruses of public health significance worldwide. Despite their severe clinical impact in HIV-infected patients, there is inadequate information regarding the epidemiology of hepatitis/HIV coinfections in Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of HBV and HCV infections among HIV-infected patients at a tertiary hospital in Southern Ethiopia.MethodsStored sera, which were originally collected for the investigation of syphilis among HIV-infected clients, were analyzed in this study. Samples were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen using rapid diagnostic tests. Those samples that tested positive for HBsAg were further analyzed for hepatitis B e antigen. All sera were tested for antibody to HCV infection using rapid diagnostic test.ResultsHBsAg was positive for 6.3% of the participants; of whom, 10% were positive for hepatitis B e antigen. The exposure rates to HBV (antibody to hepatitis B core antigen) and HCV (anti-HCV) infections were 22.4 and 3.1%, respectively. The rates of coinfections with HBV-syphilis, HCV-syphilis, and HBV-HCV were found to be 3.1, 0.6, and 1.3%, respectively. HBV exposure rate was significantly higher among participants in the age range 40–49 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.98; 95% CI, 1.01–3.88) and those who had a CD4+ T cell count <200 cells/μL (AOR, 2.40; 95% CI, 1.13–5.10) and 200–349 cells/μL (AOR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.28–4.35).ConclusionThe rates of HBV and HCV infections were found to be similar to other subpopulations in Ethiopia. Age and CD4+ T cell level influenced the rate of HBV exposure. As human immunodeficiency virus-hepatitis coinfections are clinically consequential in people living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, the need to screen this population for HBV and HCV infections is critically important.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Coinfections with hepatitis B and C virus and syphilis among HIV-infected clients in Southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Shimelis¹,

Tassachew²,

Tadewos³

et al. 2017

HIV

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“…This can be explained why this present work and that of Ejiofor et al which was done in Enugu South‐eastern Nigeria recorded sacrification as significant risk factor . However, Atshaha et al in Ethiopia recorded history of hospitalisation, tooth extraction and blood transfusion . The common cluster of risk factors (unprotected multiple sex, sacrification/tattooing, blood transfusion) recorded in this study is a common feature of most studies in Nigeria and some part of Africa .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

“…20 However, Atshaha et al in Ethiopia recorded history of hospitalisation, tooth extraction and blood transfusion. 21 The common cluster of risk factors (unprotected multiple sex, sacrification/tattooing, blood transfusion) recorded in this study is a common feature of most studies in Nigeria 19 and some part of Africa. 22 This could be explained by characteristics of African society where sacrifications are embedded in their custom/lifestyle for the service or worship of a deity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Emerging risk factors associated with prevalence of hepatitis c virus infection among Nigerians: Findings from blood donors in an academic hospital, Enugu South‐Eastern Nigeria

et al. 2019

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Aim In Nigeria, reports on the prevalence of Hepatitis C risk factors have not been clearly elucidated, we investigate the risk factors that influence the prevalence and how the difference in awareness level of risk factors screening across age groups contributes to the disease. Methods A total of 8790 aged 18‐55 years old, who attended the Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion Services, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu were screened. Among them, 135 were diagnosed with hepatitis C infection from 1 January 2017 to 1 January 2019. Participants completed a questionnaire related to demographics, risk factors, history of previous medical screening. Age groups, income and education were indicators. Multivariate analyses were used to identify correlates. Results A total of 135 blood donors (95 males and 40 females) with a mean age of 35.9 ± 10.5 and 36.4 ± 10.7 years respectively were positive for hepatitis C infection, giving overall prevalence (1.5%), injecting drug use (39%), unprotected multiple sex (22.2%), sacrification (14.8%), blood transfusion (11.1%). Multivariate analysis revealed that injecting drug use (P < .0001), unprotected multiple sex (P = .004), sacrification (P = .036) were independent risk factors that influence the prevalence among younger age groups. Blood transfusion was not significant (P = .053) but the mostly accessed. Low income and educational background were significantly more prevalent among the studied group. Conclusion Injecting drug use, multiple sex and sacrification are independent predictors of prevalence of Hepatitis C infection. The early onset of the risk factors among the younger adult clearly underlines the need for early screening and interventions.

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“…In contrast, higher prevalence of HCV was documented among attendants of voluntary counseling and testing for HIV in Ethiopia. For instance, 9.1, 6.0 and 4.3% HCV prevalence were reported in Hawassa, Mekelle and Adwa, respectively [ 22 – 24 ]. This clearly showed that HCV in the general population is low while higher in risk group of the population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community seroprevalence of hepatitis B, C and human immunodeficiency virus in adult population in gojjam zones, northwest Ethiopia

Abera

Adem

Yimer

et al. 2017

Virol J

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BackgroundIn Ethiopia, there is lack of data on the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infections in adult population at community level. This study aimed at determining the HBV, HCV and HIV seroprevalence in adult population at community level in East and West Gojjam zones in Amhara region, Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted between October 01 and November 30, 2015. The Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV were detected using the standard serological tests. The antibody to HIV infection was tested using the national HIV rapid tests algorithms.ResultsA total of 481 adults comprised of 51% females with median age of 25 years took part in the study. Overall, 7.5% (95% CI: 5.5–10.2%) of adult population were infected either with HBV, HCV and HIV. The prevalence of HBV was 15 (3.1%) and for HIV was 16 (3.3%). The seroprevalence of HCV was five (1.0%). HIV-HCV co-infection was found to be two (0.4%). HIV prevalence was higher in non-educated population than their counter parts (P = 0.001). HIV prevalence was high in housewives (6.0%) and merchants (4.7%).ConclusionsThis study revealed an intermediate HBV prevalence and low prevalence of HCV in adult population at community level. HIV prevalence is still a major public health problem in the area. To have the national data, we recommend further study on genotypes of HBV and HCV including local risk factors for transmissions. Moreover, health education on HBV, HCV and HIV transmission should be an intervention measure in the community.

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Sero-prevalence and associated risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection among voluntary counseling testing and anti retroviral treatment clinic attendants in Adwa hospital, northern Ethiopia

Cited by 20 publications

References 36 publications

Coinfections with hepatitis B and C virus and syphilis among HIV-infected clients in Southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Coinfections with hepatitis B and C virus and syphilis among HIV-infected clients in Southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Emerging risk factors associated with prevalence of hepatitis c virus infection among Nigerians: Findings from blood donors in an academic hospital, Enugu South‐Eastern Nigeria

Community seroprevalence of hepatitis B, C and human immunodeficiency virus in adult population in gojjam zones, northwest Ethiopia

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