Serious bacterial complications from blood components — how do they occur?

Cf, Högman; Engstrand, Lars

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3148.1998.00118.x

Cited by 41 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…During blood transfusion bacterial infections might be originate from the environment, from the skin of the transfused subject, or from a donor bacteremia. Most commonly, contamination occurs during blood collection (insufficient disinfection of venipuncture site), or during handling of blood products (leaky seals) [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Contamination of Stored Blood Ready for Transfusion at a Referral Hospital in Ethiopia

Dagnew¹

2014

J Clinic Res Bioeth

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Background: After the discovery of Human Immuno -deficiency virus, screening of blood donors practically reduced viral pathogens. However, transfusion associated bacterial sepsis, which causes high mortality and morbidity remain an important public health concern, has been received very little attention in the African set up including Ethiopia.Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of bacterial contamination of blood and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern at Debre Markos referal hospital, North West Ethiopia. Methods:A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted using randomly sampled 120 whole blood units. The blood samples were obtained from screened, stored whole blood. All laboratory activities were carried out as Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) protocol. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 16 software. P<0.005 is statistically significant.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Contamination of Stored Blood Ready for Transfusion at a Referral Hospital in Ethiopia

Dagnew¹

2014

J Clinic Res Bioeth

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“…Transfusion associated sepsis cases are encountered occasionally and bacterial transmission remains the major cause of acute morbidity and mortality following post transfusion infection [1][2][3][4]. Bacterial contamination of platelet products is generally the most frequent infectious risk associated with transfusion [5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacterial contamination of platelet products is generally the most frequent infectious risk associated with transfusion [5][6][7][8]. Possible mechanisms of bacterial contamination of blood components include donor bacteremia, contamination during the whole blood collection procedure, contamination of the collection pack or contamination during the blood processing procedure [3,4,9]. The types of organisms isolated in these transmissions indicate that the major source of contamination is skin derived [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Donor Arm Cleaning with Different Aseptic Solutions for Prevention of Contamination in Blood Bags

Patel

Shukla

Gupte

2012

Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus

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Transfusion associated sepsis cases are encountered occasionally and bacterial transmission remains the major cause. The goal of our study was to compare the efficacy of disinfectants in phlebotomy site preparation. After selection of donor the antecubital fossa area of the arm was disinfected with different types of disinfectants namely sprit (70% isopropyl alcohol), povidone iodine (0.5% w/v available iodine in distilled water), savlon (1.5% v/v chlorhexidine gluconate solution and 3.0% cetrimide solution) and combination of sprit and povidone iodine. Swabs were collected from 20 donors using a sterile forceps, after cleaning with different antiseptic solutions. Swab was streaked on blood agar plate aseptically and the plate was incubated at 37°C for 24 h. Colonies were counted and a single colony was recultured by growing on nutrient and Mac-Conkey agar. The biochemical characteristics were determined by performing Gram staining, Motility, Catalase and Oxidase tests. The mean values of colonies were significantly higher with savlon compared to other three solutions. The difference was statistically significant by ''t'' test (t values 1.7-3.0; P \ 0.05). Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp., Micrococcus sp., Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus cereus were the organisms identified. After completion of bleeding, samples from the bag were aseptically inoculated in aerobic and anaerobic culture bottles to be tested on BacT/Alert system. The bag containing donor's blood did not show any contamination when three cleanings were carried out using sprit, povidone iodine and spirit respectively.

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“…50 Regularly, blood packs used to collect donor blood have been found to have micro-punctures, possibly leading to the bacterial contamination of a cellular blood product. 28 Moreover, it has been reported that blood packs in the absence of any defects may be heavily contaminated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Contamination of Blood Components: Risks, Strategies, and Regulation

Hillyer

Josephson²,

Blajchman³

et al. 2003

Hematology

219

210

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Bacterial contamination of transfusion products, especially platelets, is a longstanding problem that has been partially controlled through modern phlebotomy practices, refrigeration of red cells, freezing of plasma and improved materials for transfusion product collection and storage. Bacterial contamination of platelet products has been acknowledged as the most frequent infectious risk from transfusion occurring in approximately 1 of 2,000-3,000 whole-blood derived, random donor platelets, and apheresis-derived, single donor platelets. In the US, bacterial contamination is considered the second most common cause of death overall from transfusion (after clerical errors) with mortality rates ranging from 1:20,000 to 1:85,000 donor exposures. Estimates of severe morbidity and mortality range from 100 to 150 transfused individuals each year.Concern This Joint ASH and AABB Educational Session reviews the risks, testing strategies, and regulatory approaches regarding bacterial contamination of blood components to aid in preparing practitioners of hematology and transfusion medicine in understanding the background and clinical relevance of this clinically important issue and in considering the approaches currently available for its mitigation, as well as their implementation.In this chapter, Drs. Hillyer and Josephson review the background and significance of bacterial contamination, as well as address the definitions, conceptions and limitations of the terms risk, safe and safety. They then describe current transfusion risks including non-infectious serious hazards of transfusion, and current and emerging viral risks. In the body of the text, Dr. Blajchman reviews the prevalence of bacterial contamination in cellular blood components in detail with current references to a variety of important studies. He then describes the signs and symptoms of transfusion-associated sepsis and the sources of the bacterial contamination for cellular blood products including donor bacteremia, and contamination during whole blood collection and of the collection pack. This is followed by strategies to decrease the transfusion-associated morbidity/mortality risk of contaminated cellular blood products 576American Society of Hematology including improving donor skin disinfection, removal of first aliquot of donor blood, pretransfusion detection of bacteria, reducing recipient exposure, and pathogen reduction/inactivation. In the final sections, Drs. Vostal, Epstein and Goodman describe the regulations and regulatory approaches critical to the appropriate implementation of a bacterial contamination screening and limitation program including their and/or the FDA's input on prevention of bacterial contamination, bacterial proliferation, and detection of bacteria in transfusion products. This is followed by a discussion of sampling strategy for detection of bacteria in a transfusion product, as well as the current approval process for bacterial detection devices, trials recommended under "actual clinical use" conditions, pathogen reduction ...

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Serious bacterial complications from blood components — how do they occur?

Cited by 41 publications

References 14 publications

Bacterial Contamination of Stored Blood Ready for Transfusion at a Referral Hospital in Ethiopia

Bacterial Contamination of Stored Blood Ready for Transfusion at a Referral Hospital in Ethiopia

Impact of Donor Arm Cleaning with Different Aseptic Solutions for Prevention of Contamination in Blood Bags

Bacterial Contamination of Blood Components: Risks, Strategies, and Regulation

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